VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND LTD

Steam gasification and simplified gascleaning for medium-scale biofuelproduction from biomass

COMSYN workshop: April 18th, 2018 - StuttgartSanna Tuomi, Christian Frilund, Esa Kurkela, Pekka Simell,Johanna Kihlman

COMSYN project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreementNo 727476.

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Compact Gasification and Synthesis process for Transport Fuels

GASIFICATION &GAS CLEAN-UP

FT SYNTHESIS REFINING

MARKET STUDIES & BUSINESS CASES

TECHNO-ECONOMIC ASSESSMENTS& CASE STUDIES

FILTRATION

Project duration: 1.5.2017-30.4.2021Budget: 5.1 million €

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OBJECTIVETo develop a new BTL production concept that will reduce biofuel production cost up to 35 % compared toalternative routes (< 0.80 €/l production cost for diesel)

Compact Gasification and Synthesis process for Transport Fuels

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FINAL CONVERSIONRefining of FT products to high quality drop-inliquid transport fuels at existing oil refineries

PRIMARY CONVERSIONDistributed production of FT wax at small-to-medium scale gasification/synthesis units locatedclose to biomass resources (50-150 MW fuel input)

Compact Gasification and Synthesis process for Transport Fuels

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MATURITY

SCALE

Ready forcommercialisation

> 150 MWth

Currently under development> 100 – 150 MWth

Development started in 2016< 50 MWth

Status of biomass gasification for synthesisapplications

PRESSURISED CFBOXYGEN-BLOWN

GASIFICATION

LOW-PRESSURE DUALFLUID-BED STEAM

GASIFICATION

PRESSURISEDFIXED-BED OXYGEN-

BLOWN GASIFICATION

DFB pilotVTT Bioruukki

NSE Demo plantVarkaus, 2009-11

SXB pilotVTT Bioruukki

COMSYN

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COMSYN process configuration

WETBIOMASS GASIFIERBIOMASS

DRYING

OXIDISER

FILTER REFORMER

FLY

ASH

CHAR

COMBUSTION AIR

SULPHURREMOVAL

GUARDBED 1

FLUE GAS

FTSYNTHESIS

FT WAX

SYNTHESIS OFF-GAS

AIR

WATERSCRUBBER

STEAM

1 → 5 bar

SYNGASCOOLING

HEAT

CO2REMOVAL

5 → 30 bar

GASCOMPRESSION

GASCOMPRESSION

OIL REFINERY INDUSTRY / DISTRICT HEATING

HEAT / STEAM

BIOMASS CONVERSION PLANT

TRANSPORTATION LIQUIDS

GUARDBED 2

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Simplified BTL process based on dualfluidised-bed steam gasification

WETBIOMASS GASIFIERBIOMASS

DRYING

OXIDISER

FILTER REFORMER

FLY

ASH

CHAR

COMBUSTION AIR

SULPHURREMOVAL

GUARDBED 1

FLUE GAS

FTSYNTHESIS

FT WAX

SYNTHESIS OFF-GAS

AIR

WATERSCRUBBER

STEAM

1 → 5 bar

SYNGASCOOLING

HEAT

CO2REMOVAL

5 → 30 bar

GASCOMPRESSION

GASCOMPRESSION

BIOMASS CONVERSION PLANT

GUARDBED 2

SIMPLIFIED CONCEPT§ No need for an oxygen plant

No oxygen used

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Simplified BTL process based on dualfluidised-bed steam gasification

WETBIOMASS GASIFIERBIOMASS

DRYING

OXIDISER

FILTER REFORMER

FLY

ASH

CHAR

COMBUSTION AIR

SULPHURREMOVAL

GUARDBED 1

FLUE GAS

FTSYNTHESIS

FT WAX

SYNTHESIS OFF-GAS

AIR

WATERSCRUBBER

STEAM

1 → 5 bar

SYNGASCOOLING

HEAT

CO2REMOVAL

5 → 30 bar

GASCOMPRESSION

GASCOMPRESSION

BIOMASS CONVERSION PLANT

GUARDBED 2

SIMPLIFIED CONCEPT§ No need for an oxygen plant§ Intermediate cooling/reheating steps eliminated

Filter operated atgasifier outlet temp

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Simplified BTL process based on dualfluidised-bed steam gasification

WETBIOMASS GASIFIERBIOMASS

DRYING

OXIDISER

FILTER REFORMER

FLY

ASH

CHAR

COMBUSTION AIR

SULPHURREMOVAL

GUARDBED 1

FLUE GAS

FTSYNTHESIS

FT WAX

SYNTHESIS OFF-GAS

AIR

WATERSCRUBBER

STEAM

1 → 5 bar

SYNGASCOOLING

HEAT

CO2REMOVAL

5 → 30 bar

GASCOMPRESSION

GASCOMPRESSION

BIOMASS CONVERSION PLANT

GUARDBED 2

SIMPLIFIED CONCEPT§ No need for an oxygen plant§ Intermediate cooling/reheating steps eliminated§ Separate WGS unit eliminated

H2/CO ratio adjusted in the reformer- gasifier steam utilised

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Simplified BTL process based on dualfluidised-bed steam gasification

WETBIOMASS GASIFIERBIOMASS

DRYING

OXIDISER

FILTER REFORMER

FLY

ASH

CHAR

COMBUSTION AIR

SULPHURREMOVAL

GUARDBED 1

FLUE GAS

FTSYNTHESIS

FT WAX

SYNTHESIS OFF-GAS

AIR

WATERSCRUBBER

STEAM

1 → 5 bar

SYNGASCOOLING

HEAT

CO2REMOVAL

5 → 30 bar

GASCOMPRESSION

GASCOMPRESSION

BIOMASS CONVERSION PLANT

GUARDBED 2

SIMPLIFIED CONCEPT§ No need for an oxygen plant§ Intermediate cooling/reheating steps eliminated§ Separate WGS unit eliminated§ Simplified sulphur removal

A combination of activated carbon +ZnO-based sorbents applied

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Simplified BTL process based on dualfluidised-bed steam gasification

WETBIOMASS GASIFIERBIOMASS

DRYING

OXIDISER

FILTER REFORMER

FLY

ASH

CHAR

COMBUSTION AIR

SULPHURREMOVAL

GUARDBED 1

FLUE GAS

FTSYNTHESIS

FT WAX

SYNTHESIS OFF-GAS

AIR

WATERSCRUBBER

STEAM

1 → 5 bar

SYNGASCOOLING

HEAT

CO2REMOVAL

5 → 30 bar

GASCOMPRESSION

GASCOMPRESSION

BIOMASS CONVERSION PLANT

GUARDBED 2

SIMPLIFIED CONCEPT§ No need for an oxygen plant§ Intermediate cooling/reheating steps eliminated§ Separate WGS unit eliminated§ Simplified sulphur removal§ No CO2 removal or partial removal by pressure water scrubbing

FT synthesis performance withhigh inert content!

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COMSYN process validated at VTT’s PilotCentre Bioruukki

5 m3/hSLIP-STREAM TO SYNTHESIS

PRE-EXISTING DFB PILOTMOBILE SYNTHESIS UNIT

FILTERDFBGASIFIER

FT WAX TOUNIPETROLREFORMER

UNDER CONSTRUCTION

ULTRACLEANING STEPS FISCHER-TROPSCHSYNTHESIS

*INERATEC’S FT SYNTHESIS REACTOR

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FILTERBIOMASS

FLUEGAS LINE

BED MATERIAL& FUEL

N2

PRODUCT GASLINE

CATALYTICREFORMER

SAMPLINGPOINT 2

SAMPLINGPOINT 3

2

3O2, N2

AIR

BEDMATERIAL

SAMPLINGPOINT 21

STEAM, O2, AIR, N2

...

...

CFBGASIFIER

......

...

...

...

..

.

..

......

...

.

...

..

....

..

CFBOXIDISER

...

...

...

...

..

.

...

5 m3/hSLIP-STREAM

DFB pilot at Bioruukki

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Catalytic reforming

OBJECTIVES1. Development of an oxygen-permeable membrane reactor to enable better control of

reaction temperature in the reformer (hot spots)2. Catalyst development: ALD coating to increase the activity as well as sulphur and coke

tolerance of the catalyst

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Hot gas filtration

OBJECTIVES1. Filtration at high temperature (ca. 800 °C) with simultaneous

decomposition of tars2. Development of catalytically activated filters using ALD technology

§ Filtration based on GKN’s innovative metal filter elements

− Iron-chromium-aluminium alloy

− Corrosion resistant & withstand high temperatures and mechanical loads

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Ultracleaning – COMSYN slipstream

http://www.comsynproject.euhttp://www.comsynproject.eu