Post on 02-Jun-2018
8/10/2019 SPECIMEN COLLECTION and Processing for BACTERIOLOGY.pdf
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SPECIMEN COLLECTION,
HANDLING ,ANDPROCESSINGFOR
MICROBIOLOGY TESTING
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GENERALCONCEPTSFORSPECIMEN
COLLECTION, HANDLINGANDPROCESSING
Quality of the clinical specimen is extremelyimportant
Careful and appropriate collection techniques
must be observed
Transport to the laboratory must be timely, avoid
delay
The clinical specimen must be processed
immediately, avoid delay
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GENERALGUIDELINES
Collect specimen prior to administration of
antibiotics
Timing is important
Collect adequate amount of sample Know the criteria for acceptance and rejection of
clinical specimens
Evaluate whether the agent isolated and
identified would point out to an infectious processor merely points out to contamination
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SPECIMENCOLLECTION, HANDLINGAND
PROCESSINGFORBACTERIOLOGICTESTING
Clinical Specimen
1. Urine
2. Stool
3. Sputum and lower resp. tract (LRT) samples
4. Throat and upper resp. tract (URT) samples
5. CSF
6. Blood
7. Skin, wound and tissue
8. Genital discharge
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1. URINECULTURE
For diagnosis of UTI
Collection techniques:
1. midstream, clean-catch
2. catheter3. SPA
Pointers: Use sterile container
Cleanse area first with soap and water
before sample is collected; for SPA disinfect skinfirst
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URINECULTURE
Transport: within 24hrs at 40C
Storage before processing: 24 hrs at 40C
Plating media: BAP, MacConkey agar
(+Anaerobic agar for SPA): Perform colony count
(plate quantitatively on BA)
Direct examination: GS
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2. STOOLCULTURE
For diagnosis of GIT bacterial infections
Collection techniques:
1. direct
2. rectal swab Pointers: Use sterile container
Use transport medium when delay in
processing is expected
An enrichment media is used (GNbroth or Selenite broth)
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STOOLCULTURE
Transport: 24hrs at 40C use transport media
Storage before processing: 72hrs at 40C
Plating media: BAP, Campy BA, CCF, CIN,
MacConkey or EMB, HE ,SSA, XLD, TCBS Direct examination: MB for fecal leukocytes
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3. SPUTUMANDLOWER RESP. TRACT
CULTURES
For diagnosis of LRTIs
Collection technique:
1. deep cough method in AM
2. aspiration of gastriccontents (for children)
3. BAL (less invasive)
4. TTA, thin needleaspiration, open-lung biopsy, thoracentesis
(pleural fluid)5. induced sputum collection
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SPUTUMANDLOWER RESP. TRACT
CULTURES
Pointers: Use sterile container
Choice of method for collection must be
considered
Collect specimen with minimum or lesscontamination
Evaluate the quality of specimen
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SPUTUMANDLOWER RESP. TRACT
CULTURES
Transport: 24hrs at RT
Storage before processing: 24hrs at 40C
Plating media: BAP, CAP, MacConkey
Direct examination: GS, AFB or other specialstains
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4. THROATANDUPPER RESP. TRACT
CULTURES
For diagnosis of URTIs
Collection technique:
1. Throat swab (pharynx)
2. Nasopharyngeal swab Pointers: Use sterile container
Ensure proper swabbing of collection
area
Use transport medium (Amies orStuarts)
Link:resp_sx
http://localhost/Desktop/Microppt/resp_sx_collection.pptxhttp://localhost/Desktop/Microppt/resp_sx_collection.pptx8/10/2019 SPECIMEN COLLECTION and Processing for BACTERIOLOGY.pdf
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THROATANDUPPER RESP. TRACT
CULTURES
Transport: 24 hrs at RT
Storage before processing: 24hrs at 40C
Plating media: BAP, CAP, CTA, Loefflersagar
slant, MTM agar Direct examination: use antigen testing
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5. CSF
For diagnosis of CNS infections
Collection technique:
1. Lumbar puncture
2. Collection from shunt
Pointers: Use sterile container, use aseptic
technique
Specimen must be processedIMMEDIATELY, DO NOT DELAY
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CSF
Transport: immediate at RT
Storage before processing: 6hrs at 370C, for viral
culture 3 days at 40C
Plating media: BAP, CAP, MacConkey, Anaerobicagar
Direct examination: GS, MB, AO, AFB,rapid
tests
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6. BLOODCULTURE
For diagnosis of bloodstream infections (BSIs)
Collection technique:
1. Venipuncture
Pointers: Use sterile containerUse aseptic technique for collection
Timing of blood collection is IMPORTANT
Number of collection (# of set) is considered
Tubes or bottles contain SPS (1 aerobic, 1
anaerobic) ; other culture media include: SCD or TSB,Columbia broth, thioglycollate broth, BHIB,supplemented peptone broth (SPB)
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BLOODCULTURE
Transport: 2hrs at RT
Storage before processing: 370C incubated
Plating media: BAP, CAP, MacConkey, Anaerobic
agar, BHI agar Direct examination: GS, Giemsa, MB, AO, AFB
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SKIN, WOUNDANDSOFTTISSUE
Transport:24hrs at RT; moisten swab with TM
Storage before processing: 24 hrs at RT
Plating media: BA,CA, MacConkey
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URO-GENITALTRACTSPECIMEN
Transport: 24 hrs at RT
Storage before processing: 24 hrs at RT
Plating media: BA, CA, TM