Post on 19-Jan-2016
4. How was medieval society organised?
5. Who were the nobles?
Some nobles were rich and owned large fiefs. Others were poor and they only have their horse and weapons (lance, shield, mace and sword).
Nobles´ sons started their military training when they were 8 as a pages.
At 15 they became in squires.With 20, if they have proved their worth they
were made knights.Most of the time they are in the war. If not, they
trained in tournaments.
Nobles orKnights
Knight armour
Tournament (they gain prestige)
Their function was get married and have children.
Marriages were arranged by families, sometimes when the future couple were only children.
They organised the servants, educated the children and did sewing and weaving.
They hardly ever left the castle.
When they did not marry they went into the convents.
Noblewomen
Noble women
Activity 1 page 24
6. Who were the clergy?
The Catholic Church was present in Western Europe
Haga clic en el icono para agregar una imagen
The Pope wasthe
head of the
Church.
He ruled the
Papal State.
He could
excommunicate.
His subjets did
not owe him any
allegiance.
Secular clergyThe Bishops
controlled a large area called diocese.
In each diocese there were parishes where the priest worked.
Under the Pope the Church was divided in two groups:
secular clergy and regular clergy
Regular clergyMembers of religious
orders.Each order was led by
an abbot and abesses.Bellow him were
superiors (monasteries)
In the monasteries lived monks and nuns.
The Order of Saint Benedict was the most important religious order during the Early Middle Ages.
Each order had a rule.Some order swere closed (they could not leave
the monastery)Some required to beg to collect money.Each order had a habit.
Religiousorders
Benedict order
Cistercian order
Nun´s habit
Difference between secular and regular clergy
Nuns lived in convents and monks live in monasteries.
They spent their time in prayer and meditation.
The monasteries owned their own lands, where peasants worked.
Live in monasteries
Parts of the monastery
Cloister
Refectory
Chapter house
Scriptorium/library
Activities 1 and 2 page 25
7. How did peasants live?
90% of the population were peasants.
Most of them worked on the Lord´s land.
Serfs and freemen
There were difference type of peasants:
The mayority were serfs.Subject to the Lord´s
authorityCould not leave the
fiefCould not get married
without permissionThey were not paid
for their workSerfdom was passed
down to their children.
Other were freemen.They could leave
the fiefThey paid the rent
and they kept part of the harvest
They paid a tithe to the church (10% of the harvest)
They lived villages. Their house, made by wood and mud, were small.
They have very little furnitues.Small house with one room where people and
animals live together.They were self-sifficents. They grew food,
made clothes and furnitures and built their houses.
Their lives were hard. Illness was often and only few people reached the age of forty.
Drought, floods and plague caused many deaths.
Everyday life
The whole family worked from sunrise to sunset.
They used very basic tools such as sickles, scythes, hoes and roman ploughs.
The peasants´work
Sickle
Peasants tools
scythe
Hoe Roman plough
They had no fertilisers.
They left half of their land fallow to recover and became fertile again.
The production was low.
They grew cereals (wheat or oat), vegetables, grapes and fruits.
Activities 1 and 3 page 27