Post on 28-Dec-2015
Slide 1 The Young Foundation 2009
Sinking and SwimmingUnderstanding Britain’s Unmet NeedsWill Norman
Slide 2 The Young Foundation 2009
A national study looking at unmet material and psychological needs – to guide foundations, policy and priorities for action and innovation.
Slide 3 The Young Foundation 2009
Consortium of Programme FundersBaring Foundation Barrow Cadbury Trust Bedford Charity (The Harpur Trust)Big Lottery FundCity Bridge Trust City Parochial Foundation Comic Relief Economic and Social Research Council John Lyon’s Charity Joseph Rowntree Foundation LankellyChase Foundation Northern Rock Foundation Wates Foundation
Consortium of Programme AdvisorsLord Moser, Senior AdvisorProf Suzanne Fitzpatrick, York UniversityProf Ian Gough, University of BathProf Danny Dorling, Sheffield UniversityKaren Dunnell, Head of ONS
Prof Mike Savage, Manchester UniversityNorman Glass, CEO of NatCen
Peter Taylor-Gooby, University of KentProf Roger Jowell, City University Prof Ruth Lister, Loughborough University
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• Statistical analysis, ethnography and analysis of causes • Futures analysis – what needs are set to intensify
Case studies – transitions (in England and Scotland - care, prison, bereavement), night working, London (teenagers, refugees, older people), Teesside (families), Bedford (teenagers), Wales (workless families).
Real life, public perspectives
Front line workers
Local agencies’
knowledge
‘Expert’ knowledge
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Analysis
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Percentage of UK individuals in relative poverty after housing costs 1979 to 2007/08.
Source ONS Social Trends 2009
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UK distribution of household income – average up, stretched at the top, sagging at the bottom.
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Percentages of households who cannot afford basic possessions and activities by [unadjusted] household income (2007/08)
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UK distribution of psychological well being – most contented but long and thickening tail of unhappiness, loneliness and stress.
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The bottom million?Percentage responses to questions on emotional support 2007/08
Source: BHPS analysis
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Percentage of UK sample with poor psychological well being (high GHQ12) by selected variables (2006/07)
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Case Studies
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Digging deeper into the lives of groups identified as facing serious unmet needs
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Transitions – from care, prison, bereavement…
Showing the importance of preparation, bridging relationships, assets to help after the transition and also how rare these are
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Bedford (teenagers/NEETs): showing importance of help-seeking, resilience, attitude, social networks
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Teesside (low income families) – showing strength of family and informal social supports
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South Wales (workless households) – showing extent of worklessness, relative resilience but lack of adaptive resilience
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London (refugees) – showing lack of cash, importance of religious and family networks, importance of access to technology – eg mobile phones
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Older people (several case studies) emphasising loneliness and isolation, atrophy of traditional supports
Slide 20 The Young Foundation 2009
Nightworkers - looking at the social needs and pressures associated with regularly working at night
looking at whether the needs encountered by service providers differ during the night
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Futures
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Long period of constrained public funding.
Pressures on housing, inequality, fuel and food prices, ageing, diversity, but also ...
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Anxiety and Depressions – Doubling in a generation
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Obesity – Doubling in a new generation
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Every particular example needs to be understood in three dimensions …
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Conceptual framework for understanding how needs are met – and what can go wrong
Need felt or identified
Satisfaction
Demand expression
Availability External Activation
Identification
Process
Internal activation
Subjective experience
Potential barriers
Need expressed
effectively as demand for
existing satisfier
Need acknowledg
ed as satisfiable
and a priority for
action
Need satisfied
Satisfier provided in full, in time
and effectively
Satisfier available, affordable, accessible, offered and accepted
I am getting Y as
promised
They are offering me Y
in an acceptable way at an acceptable time, place
and price and with
acceptable reciprocal demands
Here is my need X, please
provide me with satisfier Y to which I am entitled by virtue of
Z
This need can be met. I have a right
to have it met and it is
important that it be
met. I want it met.
I’m suffering or
if I don’t get this
sorted I will suffer
Y seems to work, my need is being met
Lack of knowledge, absence of perceived suffering,
cognitive or mental health
impairment, denial
Service provided partially,
badly or at the wrong
time, service
different from that promised
Non-existence of
satisfier, rationing, expense,
ineligibility, inaccessibility
, exclusion, conditionality
Lack of confidence, assertivenes
s, power, opportunity,
support, legitimacy, knowledge, language
determination or
organization; wrong
approach, strategy, timing or
data
Lack of awareness
and motivation,
pride, stigma,
mistrust, bad previous
experience, competing priorities,
hyper-stress, culture, perverse
incentives, fatalism, learned
helplessness
Need more complex
than thought,
dependent upon
resolution of other
needs, only temporarily met, or met
in a way that causes more need
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Implications and directions for action
1. Support organisations providing preparation, bridges and support for difficult transitions
2. Back projects that tackle isolation – help to connect the disconnected
3. Support projects providing access with ‘no wrong door’
4. Support projects that enhance resilience and psychological fitness
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Implications and directions for action
5. Rethink welfare provision through the lens of wellbeing
6. Support the provision of new and old necessities
7. Invest in better social accounts
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What next?
Ageing: linking research, programmes and new ventures (with primary focus on transitions, new service models, psychological/psycho-social needs, long-term conditions, and community support)
Transitions to adulthood: linking research, programmes and new ventures, with a particular emphasis on preparation, bridging roles, and supports for transitions, building on work on transition to adulthood, teenage pregnancy, youth crime work.
Slide 30 The Young Foundation 2009
Resilience
• Personal attitudes, skills, dispositions• Close networks• Assets (financial and other)• We want to explore what’s known about it, how it can be enhanced, the roles of different kinds of voluntary organisation, professions etc.
Slide 31 The Young Foundation 2009
Replication & Innovation
We’ve identified the problems that are getting worse. How do we solve them?
1. Clear need, effective response, government unwilling to act.
2. Emerging models and potential commissioning by government.
3. Needs where solutions don’t work well require experimentation and genuine innovation.
Slide 32 The Young Foundation 2009
The Young Foundation’s business is social innovation: finding and developing new and better ways of meeting pressing unmet needs.
We undertake research to identify and understand unmet social needs and then develop practical initiatives and institutions to address them – in fields as diverse as health and education, housing and cities. Our work combines research, applied work and practical action.
For more information go to: youngfoundation.org