Post on 24-Mar-2022
Becky DeWaay, Psy.D. Pediatric Psychology Fellow
Madigan Army Medical Center Department of Pediatrics
LEND Faculty Mentor: Beth Ellen Davis
Sleep Quality and Sleep Hygiene in Children with
Autism Spectrum Disorders
*The views expressed in this presentation are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy of the Department of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.
Mindell, Meltzer, Carskadon, & Chervin (2009)
Sleep Onset Latency Mean min (SD)
Night wakings % None % 1+
Amount of Sleep Mean hours (SD)
Bedtime Routine Yes (n = 600)
17.1 (14.7)
86.7 13.3
9.5 (1.1)***
No (n = 27) 19.8 (16.0) 81.5 18.5 8.6 (1.5)***
Late Bedtime Before 9pm (n = 227)
14.8 (10.7)**
87.2 12.8
10.1 (0.8)***
After 9pm (n=400) 18.6 (16.5)** 86.0 14.0 9.1 (1.2)***
Parent Present at bedtime Never/rarely (n = 485)
17.7 (15.3)
89.9 10.1***
9.5 (1.2)
Few /every night (n=141) 15.6 (12.7) 74.5 25.5*** 9.4 (1.0)
Reading Yes (n = 157)
16.5 (14.4)
82.2 17.8
9.6 (1.2)*
No (n = 470) 17.4 (14.8) 87.9 12.2 9.4 (1.1)*
Television in Bedroom No (n = 357)
17.6 (15.6)
85.4 14.6
9.6 (1.1)***
Yes (n = 270) 16.6 (13.5) 87.8 12.2 9.3 (1.2)***
Caffeine None (n = 370)
17.5 (15.8)
87.6 12.4
9.6 (1.1)***
1+ per day (n = 257) 16.8 (13.0) 84.8 15.2 9.2 (1.2)***
*** p <.001 level, **p<.01 level, *p<.05 level
Goal
To determine if significant differences exist between sleep hygiene factors and sleep quality amongst school-aged children with autism spectrum disorders as compared to a national sample.
Method
Sample Caregivers of children aged 6-10 and in 1st-5th
grades Caregivers: 22 mothers, 4 fathers, 1 guardian
Children 24 males, 3 females 16 autism, 7 asperger’s, 4 PDD-NOS
Results: Children with ASD had worse sleep quality Children with ASDs slept for less total time. ASD M = 8.53, SD = 2.04; National Sample M = 9.4, SD =
1.1 2-sample t(662) = 3.85, p < 0.001 Children with ASDs took longer to fall asleep. ASD M = 35.04, SD = 18.04; National Sample M = 17.2, SD
= 14.7 2-sample t(662) = 6.11, p < 0.001 Children with ASDs had more night wakings. 59.25% of the ASD sample, vs. 13.6% of the National
Sample χ2(1, N = 27) = 47.9, p < 0.001
Results: Children with ASDs were more likely to: Read as a part of their bedtime routine.
48.15% of the ASD sample, vs. 25% national norm χ2(1, N = 27) = 7.72, p < 0.01
Have a bedtime at or before 9pm. 77.78% of the ASD sample vs. 36.2% of the norm. χ2(1, N = 27) = 20.21, p < 0.001
Results: Children with ASDs were just as likely to: Not have a TV in their room.
51.85% of the ASD sample, vs. 43.1% of the national sample
χ2(1, N = 27) = 0.28, p = 0.60
Not use caffeine. 74.07% of the ASD sample, vs. 59% of the
national sample χ2(1, N = 27) = 2.54, p = 0.11
Results: All Children with ASDs had a consistent bedtime routine
100% of the ASD sample, vs. 95.5% of the national sample
Because of violating rules of goodness-of-fit for Chi Square tests, a Chi Square test could not be completed to compare the two samples in relation to bedtime routine.
Results: Children with ASDs were less likely to fall asleep independently.
37.04% of the ASD sample, vs. 77.4% of the
norm χ2(1, N = 27) = 25.15, p < 0.001
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