Post on 26-Dec-2015
Major Functions• Support• Protection• Muscle attachment• Provide shape• Blood cell production• Storage of calcium
The long and short of it
Long bones contain: compact bonespongy bone
and marrow, which makes red and white blood cells
cartilage• Connective tissue found in joints• Specialized cells called chondrocytes• Three types of cartilage
– Elastic– Hyaline– Fibrocartilage
• Does not contain blood vessels• Functions like a rubber cushion at ends of
joints
Another name for the skull is…
The skull consists of several bones that have fused together at joints
called sutures.Frontal
Parietal (2)Temporal (2)
OccipitalEthmoidSphenoid
Rib cage
Provides protection to heart & lungs
How many ribs are there???
The tip of the sternum is called the xiphoid. This part is
cartilage.
Rib cage
• 12 pairs• All attached to
the spine• 10 pairs attached
to the sternum• 2 pairs of
“floating ribs”
Appendicular skeleton
In addition to the pelvis, arm, leg, hand, and foot bones, the clavicles and scapulae are included in this division
Leg• Femur – head, neck, greater
and lesser trochanter• Patella• Tibia – medial ankle “bone”• Fibula – lateral ankle
“bone”• Tarsals – talus, calcaneus• Metatarsals• Phalanges
Joint Types
• Synarthroses – immovable (such as cranial bones)
• Amphiarthroses – slightly moveable (such as synthesis pubis)
• Diathroses – freely moveable
Diathroses Joints
• Hinge – elbow, knee, fingers, toes
• Pivot – axis, forearm• Saddle – thumb• Condyloid – wrist, ankle• Ball and Socket – shoulder, hip• Gliding - vertebrae
Diseases/Disorders
• Sprain – stretched or torn ligament or tendon
• Arthritis – inflamed joint• Osteomyelitis – infected bone• Osteoporosis – loss of bone density• Bone cancer• Subluxation - dislocation