Sigmund FreudPsychosexual Development

Sigmund Freud 1856- 1939 Psychoanalytic Unconscious Dream Analysis Free Association

•What is Psychosexual What is Psychosexual Development?Development? Freud believed that adult personality problems were the result of early experiences in life.

He believed that we go through five stages of psychosexual development and that at each stage of development we experience pleasure in one part of the body more so than in others

What are Erogenous Zones?What are Erogenous Zones?

Erogenous zones are parts of the body that have especially strong pleasure-giving qualities at particular stages of development.

Fixation is the psychoanalytic defense mechanism that occurs when the individual remains locked in an earlier developmental stage because needs undergo over-gratified.

What is Fixation?What is Fixation?

Psychosexual development Our personality develops throughout our

childhood

Stage theory

Each stage is characterized by a focus on a different region of the body, where libido or sexual drive is fixated

Psychosexual Development Oral Anal Phallic Latency Genital

Oral Stage 0-1 Mouth Lips Tongue Sucking Biting

Fixation Overindulgence

Symptoms include selfishness, dependency, compulsive talking

Frustration Symptoms include nail biting, sarcasm, thumb

sucking, greed

Anal Stage 1-3 years Membranes of rectum

and anus Fecal mass inside body Release Expulsion anally

explosive Control of feces anally

retentive

Fixations Anal Expulsive

Disorganized, self-confident, messy, sometimes artistic ability, rebelliousness, spontaneous, carefree

Anal Retentive Miserly, organized, thrifty, orderly, obstinate,

stubbornness, Type A personalities, compulsion for control

Phallic Stage 3-6 years Genital Organs Emotional Crisis Oedipus Complex/Electra Complex Critical Stage for moral development Identification

Fixation Caused by failure to resolve

Oedipus/Electra conflict Symptoms: Exhibitionism, recklessness,

vanity, pride, incapable of close love

Oedipus Complex Crucial stage Consolidation of

gender identity (identification)

Formation of superego

Mother/father fixation

Boys Wants to be like dad Fantasizes eliminating father Castration anxiety Identifies with father Formation of gender roles, super-ego, and

gender identity

Girls Penis envy Sense of inferiority Blames mother Poor resolution of Oedipal complex Poorly developed super-ego and a weaker

moral sense compared with male

Latency Stage 6-Puberty Phew! Sexual thoughts repressed-

Sublimation Child explores Focus is on social and intellectual skills

Genital Stage Puberty - Adulthood

Sexual desires renewed

Individual seeks relationships with others

Personality Theory Id = libido and psychosexual stages Ego = defense mechanisms Super-ego = Oedipus complex

Identification and internalization These + defense mechanisms + external

reality = personality