Post on 07-Jan-2017
Symbiotic Genius Creativity Platform
Empowers Singapore’s Economy &
1 Billion Workers Worldwide for 1,000 Years
SG1000WIN
World’s ImagiNation
Mark Lee, MIT S.M. ‘99 July 2016
SG 1000: World’s ImagiNation
Opportunity
SG1000
What?
How?
Creativity Research Proposal21st Century Meta-Idea
• The World’s ImagiNationfor Economic Growth
• General Purpose Technologyfor Multiple SG Industries• Economics Nobel Prize
SupportsSingapore’s Long-Term
(1000 Years) Survival
Next Steps
Ideas Drive Economic Growth
… the real scarce inputs the few who produce good ideas
will reap huge rewards
Supplemental Information
“in the future, ideas will be the real scarce inputs … the few who provide good ideas
will reap huge rewards”
https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2014-06-04/new-world-order
Note: Professor Brynjolfsson was my MIT thesis advisor; Professor Spence is the 2001 Economics Nobel Medalist
Driven by Creativity
Creativity: “Connecting Things”
How Do Geniuses
Connect “Things”, e.g. ideas?
EvenMathematics
(The Most Rigorous Discipline)Requires
Creativity
Fields Medalists Connect Disparate Mathematics Fields (connecting ideas)
The ability to detect hidden connections between
different areas of mathematicsCedric Villani
2010 Fields Medalist 1‘
a fundamental structural connection between
elliptic curves & modular formsAndrew Wiles
2016 Abel Prize Winner 2
“Monstrous Moonshine”: (a) & (b) (a) Group Theory (monster group)
1 + 196,883 (b) Number theory (j-function)
196,884Richard Borcherds
1998 Fields Medalist
“Math is … building bridges where on one side you see more clearly
than on the other,” Duncan said. “... this bridge was so
unexpectedly powerful that before you see the proof
it’s kind of crazy.” 3
1 Birth of a Theorem: A Mathematical Adventure – Cedric Villani2 https://www.myscience.org/wire/fermat_s_last_theorem_proof_secures_mathematics_top_prize_for_sir_andrew_wiles-2016-oxford3 Https://www.quantamagazine.org/20150312-mathematicians-chase-moonshines-shadow/
Fields Winners(Math Genius)
BorcherdsVillaniWiles
Creativity Mathematics
Drives
Drives?
Creativity Drives Mathematics Can Mathematics Drive Creativity?
SG Challenge Identify
How Mathematics
Drives Creativity
“It is by logic that we prove, but by intuition that we discover”
Henri Poincare
What Is SG 1000?
SG1000
Symbiotic GeniusHuman Imagination
w/Machine Intelligence
Symbiotic Genius Transforms Creativity by UsingMath to Fuse Human Imagination w/Machine Intelligence
Solo
Within 1 Human
Symbiotic Genius
Future
BetweenHuman & MachineMath: Common Language
HumanImagination
MachineIntelligence
Math with
Group
Between Humanse.g.
Watson & Crick
Watson
Crick
Quantum Leaps in Genius Opportunities
a mental construct that satisfies a collection of
explicit formal rules on which
mathematical reasoning can be carried out.
Committee on the Mathematical Sciences in 2025;
Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/15269/the-mathematical-sciences-in-2025
Mathematical Structure
IDEAa mental construct that satisfies a collection of
explicit formal rules on which
mathematical reasoning can be carried out.
Ideas are a Super-Set of Mathematical Structures
Math: Common Language between Humans & Machines (STEM) Ideas: Mathematical Structures
Symbiotic Genius
BetweenHuman & Machine
Math: Common Language
HumanImagination
MachineIntelligence
Math with
IdeasAs
Mathematical Structures
&
Discover & Apply“Mathematics of Ideas”
to Drive Creativity
Ask Learn Look Play Think Fuse Choose Make
Symbiotic Genius (SG) Connects Humans with Machines to Digitally Broaden, Accelerate & Deepen Creativity
Human + Digital ActivitiesHuman Activities
Broaden, Accelerate & Deepen The Creative & Innovation Processes *
Human Activities
Symbiotic Genius (SG) Math-Driven Creativity Platform
(VR/AR) + IOT
Imagination
Automation
Mathematics of Ideas* Adapted from K. Sawyer’s creativity process - Zig Zag: The Surprising Path to Greater Creativity
Use the SG 1000’s Mathematics of Ideas to Mathematically Structure Scientific Initiatives for Faster & Easier Exploration with Discovery
Protein FoldingFold-It 1
Atom Snatching“Bring Home Water”
Quantum Moves 2
1 http://fold.it/portal/info/science 2 http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v532/n7598/full/nature17620.html
How to Achieve Symbiotic Genius (SG) 1000?
SG1000
Symbiotic GeniusHuman Imagination
w/Machine Intelligence
Creativity Principle Resides in MathematicsLogic: A B; Imagination ∞
Logic will get you from A to B.
Imagination will take you everywhere
Imaginationis more important than knowledge
Einstein’s June 1933 Herbert Spencer lecture
at Oxford.
Mathematicsthe Common Language between
Human and Machine(enables creativity)
2002 Fields Medalist Voevodsky Launched Univalent Foundations
(Revolutionizes Foundations of Mathematics)
working on new foundations of mathematics based on homotopy-theoretic semantics of Martin-Lof type theories.
Voevodsky’s Mathematical R3evolutionat the Heidelberg Laureate Forum, Vladimir Voevodsky gave perhaps the most revolutionary scientific talk I’ve ever heard … soon, they’ll understand the foundations of mathematics very differently. 2
Univalent Foundations: New Foundations of MathematicsAccording to Voevodsky, the work of a mathematician is 5% creative insight and 95% self-verification. Moreover, the more original the insight, the more one has to pay for it later in self-verification work. The Univalent Foundations project … aims to lower the price by giving mathematicians the ability to verify their constructions with the help of computers. 3
VladimirVoevodsky
1 https://www.ias.edu/scholars/voevodsky 2 http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/voevodskye28099s-mathematical-revolution/3 https://www.ias.edu/news/press-releases/2014/voevodskyfoundationslecture
Univalent Foundations(a Revolution in Mathematics)
Enable Symbiosis of Human Reasoning & Computer Verification
The Next Step After Human Reasoning: Human Creativity!
“The Creative Principle Resides in Mathematics”Albert Einstein
1933 Herbert Spencer Lecture, Oxford University 2
1 https://www.ias.edu/ideas/2014/voevodsky-origins2 http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/einstein-philscience/
2
1
Math Revolution Enables Correctness & Creativity
Proof Assistant
Properties Connections
Univalent Foundations(for the next 1,000 years)
Enable
Math Objects(sub-set of ideas)
forMathematicians
forHumankind
Symbiotic Genius
.LT. 100K ~1 Billion Working Adults
Exploration of Creativity
Checking of Correctness
Potential Economics Nobel
Laureate(s)V. Voevodsky
2002 Fields Medalist
Math of Ideas
Relationships Between Correctness and Creativity
Similarities Correctness Creativity
SymbioticApproach
Human + Machine
Conceptual Platform
UnivalentFoundations
Perhaps UV?
Difference Correctness Creativity
Focus PropertiesConnections
(per Grothendieck)
Voevodsky: “Very Premature” to Explore CreativityHis Statement Opens The Opportunity to Lead the World
Fields Medalist Voevodsky’s belief that it’s “very premature” to use univalent foundations
to explore creativity opens the opportunity for Singapore to
lead the world in using mathematics to drive creativity.
Do Ideas (e.g. math objects) have Dimensions & Structure?
(What If?) Ideas Have Dimensions & Structure
Ideas Are
Intangibles
(Present)Physical Reality
Ideas Become TangibleHumans Use Virtual Hands to
Creatively Explore & MakeTangible Ideas
(Future)Virtual Reality & Augmented Reality
Handbook of Genius, 2014
Visual Representation of Mathematics Expands Understanding & Insights to Drive Creativity
Alma SteingartJunior Fellow
Harvard Society of FellowsCV
Visualization in the Age of Computerization. eds Webmoor, et al
In Virtual Reality, Ideas Can Be Made Tangible as Idea Blocks
For Visual, Spatial and Kinesthetic Exploration
Spatial
Visual
Kinesthetic
Virtual Reality HumansManipulate Idea Blocks
(comparable to Lego blocks)To
Explore, Combine & Create
Apply MindCraft’s
Building Block ApproachUpon Ideas
ForGreater Creativity
SG 1000A Meta-Idea for the 21st Century
SG1000
Symbiotic GeniusHuman Imagination
w/Machine Intelligence
Prior Meta-Ideas That Improved the World
USA19th & 20th Centuries:Modern Research UniPeer-Review & Grants
UK17th Century Meta-Idea:
Patents & Copyrights
http://www.econtalk.org/archives/2007/08/romer_on_growth.html
Countries that Produce Meta-Ideas Can Lead the World
Perhaps the most important ideas of all are meta-ideas. These are ideas about how to support the production and transmission of other ideas.
The challenge now facing … industrialized countries is to invent new institutions that encourage a higher level of applied, commercially relevant research and development in the private sector
http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc1/EconomicGrowth.html
Paul Romer
Chief EconomistWorld Bank
… the country that takes the lead in the twenty-first century will be the one that implements an innovation that more effectively supports the production of new ideas in the private sector.
Second, new meta-ideas of this kind will be found
Singapore, as the 21st Century’s Symbiotic Genius Hub,Can Become The World’s ImagiNation* (WIN)
21st Century Meta-IdeaSymbiotic Genius 1000/Hub
World’s ImagiNation
* Successor to “Smart Nation”
2 Axes of Existing & Emergent Creativity Research
PeopleProcess
ComputationalCreativity Machine
HumanCreative Machines
Solo Group
The Wiley Handbook of Genius680 pages
May 2014, Wiley-Blackwell
Omits Mathematics
as a Source & Medium
of Creativity
http://as.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-1118367405.html
Traditional Creativity Research Focuses upon People & Process
EU’s €43 million Computational Creativity Initiative Focuses Upon Creative Machines
http://www.prosecco-network.eu/engagement/launch-new-book-computational-creativity
Omits Mathematics
as a Source and Medium
of Creativity
“Creative Machines” An Attempt to Emulate AI
for Artificial Creativity
Feb 2015 release
US$25M 5-Year(2016-2020)
“Symbiotic Genius” CreativityResearch Program Proposal
Symbiotic GeniusHuman Imagination
w/Machine Intelligence
SG1000
SG 1000: Creates a Brand-New Creativity Research Field
PeopleProcess
ComputationalCreativity Machine
HumanCreative Machines
Solo GroupSymbiotic Genius
Human Imagination with
Machine Intelligence
A Proposed US$25M 5-Year Creativity Research ProgramTo Discover & Explore the “Mathematics of Ideas”
1. the symbiosis of creativity, including vision, language, mathematics (perhaps UV?), and motor skills
2. circuits for creativity, which will span research in neurobiology and electrical engineering
3. the development of creativity in children and adults 4. Solo and group creativity
“Symbiotic Genius” (SG) 1000 Creativity and Innovation Research Program
Symbiotic GeniusHuman Imagination
w/Machine Intelligence
US$25 Million Symbiotic Genius Research Program Complements US CBMM’s Intelligence
US$25MCenter
forBrains, Minds &
Machines
Creativity(Symbiotic Genius)
IntelligenceComplement
Proposed US$25 Million
Brain, Mind, & MathCenter
for “Symbiotic Genius”
Creativity
“Mathematics of Ideas” Can Drive a
General Purpose Technology (GPT)
Platform
SG 1000 can be the Next General Purpose Technology (akin to electrification and ICT)
Pervasive: used as inputs for many downstream sectors
Generalized Productivity
Gains
Inherent potential for technical improvements
Innovational complementarities: GPT innovation drives R&D productivity in downstream sectors
General Purpose Technologies “Engines of Growth” http://www.nber.org/papers/w4148
Symbiotic Genius can Increase Human Productivity
HUMANS
MONEY
MACHINES
FillThisGap
US Data
“Mathematics of Ideas” Can Result
in the Nobel Memorial Prize for Economic Sciences
Applying Mathematics to Economics: Nobel Prize
Adam Smith1776 Publication
Paul Samuelson 1947 Publication
1970 Nobel Laureate
171 Years
Economics Mathematics of
Economics
mathematics
… essential
to an understanding of …
economics
Technology Progress Identified as Primary Growth Driver Nobel Prize for Economic Sciences
Robert Solow1987 Nobel Laureate
Solow calculated that about four-fifths of the growth
in US output per worker was attributable to technical progress.
Mathematics of Ideas(Worthy of a Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences?)
Mathematics of Economics
Technical Progress (Solow Residual)
Mathematics of Ideas
Paul Samuelson 1970 Nobelist
Robert Solow1987 Nobelist
Ideas drive
TBD Future Laureate(s)Idea Production Function
“I think you just blew my mind”Professor Vollrath
Symbiotic Genius of
Human Imagination w/Machine Intelligence
The Future of Humanity
Mark Lee, MIT SM ‘99mlee@alum.mit.edu
July 2016
SupplementalInformation
Much Research Focuses Upon Intelligence
Ideas Emerge from Creativity Creativity is NOT THE SAME as Intelligence
http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/6760.html
Intelligence50% -85% Inheritable
Creativity25% - 40% Inheritable
The world is not limited by IQ. We are all limited by bravery and creativity
Astro Teller, Head of Google X
≠
Creativity Surpasses Intelligence
… Albert Einstein was a good friend, too. But none of them had a mind as quick and acute as Jansci [John] von Neumann. I have often remarked this in the presence of those men and no one ever disputed me.
... But Einstein's understanding was deeper even than von Neumann's. His mind was both more penetrating and more original than von Neumann's. .... Einstein took an extraordinary pleasure in invention. Two of his greatest inventions are the Special and General Theories of Relativity; and for all of Jansci's brilliance, he never produced anything as original.
More Creative Than
Smarter than
von Neumann
Source
Imagination is More Important than Knowledge Einstein
Every great advance in science has issued from a new audacity of imagination.John Dewey
It's kind of fun to do the impossible.Walt Disney
Imagination is more important than knowledge
Logic will get you from A to B.Imagination will take you everywhere
The Center for Brains, Minds and Machines (CBMM) is a multi-institutional collaboration,
headquartered at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) with managing partners at
Harvard University and Cornell University.http://cbmm.mit.edu/
MIT & Harvard Hosta US$25M NSF-Funded Study of Intelligence
The deepest concepts in mathematics are those which link one world of ideas with another
Mathematics as Metaphor: Yuri Manin
Manin sees the important advances in mathematics coming from programs,
not from problems. Problems are usually solved by applying old ideas in new ways.
Programs of research are the nurseries where new ideas are born.
People who solve famous unsolved problems may win big prizes, but
people who start new programs are the real pioneers.
Birds and Frogs: Freeman Dyson. Notices of the AMS, Vol. 56, Number 2
Deepest Concepts Link Worlds of Ideas
Wisdom lives in
connections
Receiving Princeton Mathematician JH Conway’s Advice
Picture was taken at Princeton University “Genius at Play”
A book about John Conway
OZYMANDIAS
SG1000
Ideas Can Live Longest (surpassing infrastructure & institution in longevity)
X
√!
Lee Kuan Yew’s Name
Can Be Discerned(w/imagination)
Within This Graphic
Infrastructure
Idea
Institution
White House RFI on Artificial Intelligence
https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2016/06/27/how-prepare-future-artificial-intelligence
Place Holder
Leading the “Symbiotic Genius” Research Center
Very few persons are capable of grasping the entire forefront of science, of seizing not only the weak points of resistance, but also the part that is most important to take on, the art of massing the troops, of making each sector work toward the success of the others, etc. ––André Weil
https://www.ias.edu/about/publications/ias-letter/articles/2010-summer/langlands-program
Connecting Ideas : Human Human + Technology
Human Connecting of Ideas
Human + TechnologyCollaborative Connecting of Ideas
TechnologyThe Future?
http://sdm.mit.edu/conf04/Presentations/cchristensen.pdf
IdeasExisting & Emergent
Presentation
MacArthur Foundation’s $100M & Change Competition Potential Funding Resource for SG 1000’s ProtoTyping
Use Judging Mechanism to Validate Ideas
Provides Solution to Technological Unemployment&
Meta-Solution to Others – Helps to Stimulate their Solution
2014 MTI Analysis
The Singapore Government Has the Need & Funds
to Support theProposed US$25M 5-Year
(2016-2020)“Symbiotic Genius”
Creativity Research Program
Singapore Government : Trying to Promote Creativity
“Creative Intelligence” – Bruce Nussbaum
Singapore Allots SG$1.6B (~US$1.2B) for White Space R&D Opportunities
http://www.nrf.gov.sg/research/r-d-ecosystem/rie-2015
Singapore Government
More Reasons to Fund The Proposed US$25M 5-Year
(2016-2020)“Symbiotic Genius”
Creativity Research Program
https://research.standardchartered.com/configuration/ROW%20Documents/Asia%E2%80%99s_productivity__The_new_story_06_05_14_02_31.pdf
“Symbiotic Genius” Creativity Can Raise Singapore’s Lagging Productivity
Category Theory Connects Ideas Across Disciplines
All Scientific Thought Expressed via Category Theory
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/one-most-abstract-fields-math-finds-application-real-world
Where math is an abstraction of the real world, category theory is an abstraction of mathematics: It describes the architectural structure of any mathematical field, independent of the specific kind of mathematical object being considered.
Yet somehow, what is in a sense the purest of all pure math is now being used to describe areas throughout the sciences and beyond, in computer science, quantum physics, biology, music, linguistics and philosophy.
David Spivak of MIT has perhaps the boldest vision for category theory’s potential. In a paper posted February 27 (2013) on arXiv.org, he argues that all scientific thought can be expressed in a structured way using category theory. Both ideas and the data supporting them can be encoded in the universal language of category theory, allowing scientists to present a database with their full work. Spivak even imagines a Facebook-like interface with people’s full thoughts and experiences presented in a category theoretic database that would connect people whose databases overlap.“If people adopt the level of rigor of category theory,” he says, “it will provide a precise language for science as a whole, and it will help individual scientists to clarify their thinking.
Russian Interview: High Abstraction, High Complexity
Symbiotic Genius Connections between
Human Imagination & Machine Intelligence
Licklider also realized that interactive computers could provide more than a library function, and could provide great value as automated assistants.
He captured his ideas in a seminal paper in 1960 called Man-Computer Symbiosis, in which he described a computer assistant that could answer questions, perform simulation modeling, graphically display results, and extrapolate solutions for new situations from past experience.
Like Norbert Wiener, Licklider foresaw a close symbiotic relationship between computer and human, including sophisticated computerized interfaces with the brain.
Formalizing Ideas Before Entering Into Computers
S1
This course is an attempt to extol the virtues of a new branch of mathematics, called category theory, which was invented for powerful communication of ideas betweendifferent fields and subfields within mathematics.
By powerful communication of ideas I actually mean something precise. Different branches of mathematics can be formalized into categories. These categories can then be connected together by functors. And the sense in which these functors provide powerful communication of ideas is that facts and theorems proven in one category can be transferred through a connecting functor to yield proofs of analogous theorems in another category. A functor is like a conductor of mathematical truth.
… language and toolset of category theory can be useful throughout science. We build scientific understanding by developing models, and category theory is the study of basic conceptual building blocks and how they cleanly fit together to make such models. Certain structures and conceptual frameworks show up again and again in our understanding of reality.
when we formalize our ideas, our understanding is almost always clarified. Our ability to communicate with others is enhanced, and the possibility for developing new insights expands. And if we are ever to get to the point that we can input our ideas into computers, we will need to be able to formalize these ideas first.
Ada Lovelace’s Enduring
Symbiotic Vision (200 Years Hence)
Ada Lovelace on Human Creativity and Machine Intelligence
Lovelace also embraced what she called “poetical science,” combining the arts championed by her father and the technology emerging from the Industrial Revolution.
Her conception of combining human creativity with computer processing for innovation is the backbone of the breakthroughs chronicled in the rest of the book http://www.aspentimes.com/news/13301821-113/book-isaacson-computer-innovators
Isaacson points to Lovelace's symbiotic theory of human/machine collaboration. While Turing set standards by which a computer would be able to surpass humans, Lovelace foresaw a future where people and machines make each other better.
A different way of looking at the way the computer age evolved is sort of Ada Lovelace’s way which is that computers and humans will evolve symbiotically. They’ll be partners. We will get more intimately connected to our machines and the machines will amplify our intelligence and our creativity will amplify what the machines could do. And we don’t need to try to create robots that’ll work without us. It’s kind of cooler to create this partnership of humans and technology or as she put it the humanities and engineering.http://bigthink.com/think-tank/walter-isaacson-on-alan-turing
the world's first computer programmer
Ada Lovelace's famous dismissal of artificial intelligence.
"The Analytical Engine has no pretensions whatever to originate anything.
It can do whatever we know how to order it to perform.
It can follow analysis; but it has no power of anticipating any analytical relations or truths."
“Computing Machinery and Intelligence".
Ada Lovelace Dismisses Artificial Intelligence
Ada Lovelace on Mathematics,Human Imagination and Machine Intelligence
Ada’s ability to appreciate the beauty of mathematics is a gift … She realized that math was a lovely language, one that describes the harmonies of the universe
This ability to apply imagination to science characterized the Industrial Revolution as well as the computer revolution, for which Ada was to become a patron saint.
she was able to glimpse a future in which machines would become partners of the human imagination
http://www.brainpickings.org/2014/12/10/ada-lovelace-walter-isaacson-innovators/
http://www.popsci.com/article/gadgets/life-and-times-ada-lovelace-first-computer-
programmer
Walter Isaacson/Aspen Institute on the Digital Revolution
The Innovators
CEO
the quest for artificial intelligence— machines that think on their own —
has consistently proved less fruitful than creating ways
to forge a partnership or symbiosisbetween people and machines.
In other words, the collaborative creativity that marked the digital age
included collaboration between humans and machines.
the combined talents of humans and computers, when working together in partnership and symbiosis,
will indefinitely be more creative than any computer working alone.
Combinatorial (Human+Machine) > Exponential (Machine)
http://chiefmartec.com/2014/05/transformation-marketing-second-machine-age/
Since combinatorial math balloons even more explosively
than exponential growth — O(n!) instead of O(2n) —
the possibilities are effectively limitless.
As Erik and Andrew note, with just 52 seed ideas, you can generate more potential combinations
than there are atoms in our solar system.
The limit isn’t coming up with new recombinant innovations —it’s our (human) ability to identify the good ones
out of a massive field of possibilities
Thus Symbiotic Genius Surpasses the Singularity
Singapore’s IN2015
http://www.ida.gov.sg/Infocomm-Landscape/iN2015-Masterplan.aspx
In May 2005, a high-level steering committee convened to spearhead the development of Singapore's 10-year masterplan to grow the infocommsector and to use infocomm technologies to enhance the competitiveness of key economic sectors and build a well-connected society.
SG: An Idea NationPowering Ideas Worldwide for a Thousand Years
(Generations)
Mass Innovation Mass Flourishing
Phelps makes the case that the wellspring of this flourishing was modern values such as the desire to create, explore, and meet challenges.
Most innovation wasn't driven by a few isolated visionaries like Henry Ford; rather, it was driven by millions of people empowered to think of, develop, and market innumerable new products and processes, and improvements to existing ones.
The ultimate fate of modern values is now the most pressing question for the West: will Western nations recommit themselves to modernity, grassroots dynamism, indigenous innovation, and widespread personal fulfillment, or will we go on with a narrowed innovation that limits flourishing to a few?
Imagination InnovationCreativityInspiration
Edmund Phelps2006 Nobel Laureate
Economics
1 Degree of Separation from Bill Gates
http://www.gatesnotes.com/Books/How-Asia-Works
Solo Genius(Within)
Group Genius(Between Humans)
Symbiotic Genius(between human & machine)
Symbiotic Genius Includes Solo and Group Genius
Dartmouth Finds a Neurological Basis for Imagination
http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-athletes-way/201309/the-right-brain-is-not-the-only-source-creativity
A Sep 2013 study from scientists at Dartmouth College paints a fuller picture of this mental workspace by imaging the brain regions involved with mentally manipulating images, like the shapes above.
… imagination stems from a widespread network of brain areas that collectively manipulate ideas, images and symbols. This "mental workspace" had been theorized before, but this study provides new empirical evidence.
The findings were published on September 16, 2013 in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The study is titled "Network Structure and Dynamics of the Mental Workspace.
No Comparable US-Govt Funded Initiative
Explaining Creativity2nd Ed, 568 pages
National University of Singapore- Global Top 25 for Needed Disciplines -
Discipline Global Ranking
Computer Science & Information Systems 9
Mathematics 13
Biological Sciences 17
Medicine 21
Psychology 25
http://www.topuniversities.com/subject-rankings
“Symbiotic Genius” Creativity ResearchThat Complements Intelligence Research
US$25MCenter
forBrains, Minds and
Machines
Creativity(Symbiotic Genius)
IntelligenceComplement
Opportunity for
Nobel-Worthy“Symbiotic Genius”
CreativityResearch
USA: US$25M On Intelligence, but $0 on Creativity EU: 43M € on Computational Creativity
Cultivating Creativity
Ken Robinson: Imagination, Creativity, Innovation
http://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2015/04/22/sir-ken-robinson-creativity-is-in-everything-especially-teaching/
Imagination
Creativity
Innovation
Imagination is the source of all human achievement.
creativity is applied imagination.
Creativity Declines Over Time (as reported by Sir Ken Robinson)
http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2013/09/15/is-creativity-endangered/cities-are-the-fonts-of-creativity
1,600 Children
98%
280,000 Adults
32%10%
2%2%
3-5 8-10 3-15
Not to
Scale
Ages 25
Despite a High IQ Population, Singapore Lacks Creativity
p. 42, Intelligence: A Unifying Construct for the Social SciencesRichard Lynn, Tatu Vanhanen
The EU Funds a EU 1 Billion Human Brain Project
http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/ict/programme/fet/flagship/doc/press28jan13-01_en.pdf
The "Human Brain Project" will create the world's largest experimental facility for developing the most detailed model of the brain, for studying how the human brain works and ultimately to develop personalised treatment of neurological and related diseases.
This research lays the scientific and technical foundations for medical progress that has the potential to will dramatically improve the quality of life for millions of Europeans.
The European Commission will support "Graphene" and the "Human Brain Project" as FET "flagships" over 10 years through its research and innovation funding programmes. Sustained funding for the full duration of the project will come from the EU's research framework programmes, principally from the Horizon 2020 programme (2014-2020)which is currently negotiated in the European Parliament and Council.
http://humanities.tau.ac.il/cohn_eng/
How does Science know what it knows? Or Math, Culture, History and Art, for that matter? Cohn scholars ask themselves these questions every day. They imagine “space sailing” with astronauts, and interpret where modern mathematics bisects art. They find connections between dreams and medicine, and challenge contemporary concepts of time.
http://www.cftau.org/spotlights/cohn-institute-for-the-history-and-philosopy-of-science-and-ideas/
http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1210/1210.6929.pdf
Page on Moon Shots
The Impossible Task
Univalent Foundations
Math Foundations IAS 2014 presentation
CMU’s US$7.5M Award
The MURI award, officially entitled "Homotopy Type Theory: Unified Foundations of Mathematics and Computation," … will establish CMU as the international center of research in this new field, which uses a fusion of tools drawn from abstract mathematics, such as homotopy and category theory, and the powerful computational paradigms of type theory and program verification.
The resulting new, computational foundation for mathematics is not only an important theoretical advance. It also promises to provide a useful practical tool for mathematicians and other scientists in the form of powerful computer systems that can automatically verify the correctness of large and complex mathematical proofs and organize and unify a large body of verified mathematical theory in a form that can be reused for other scientific purposes. Equally important is the promise of new applications in theoretical computer science through the use of abstract geometrical intuitions and methods.
One Metric of Symbiotic Genius’s Success
http://www.xprize.org/ted
On March 20, from the TED2014 stage, Chris Anderson and Peter Diamandis
join forces to announce the A.I. XPRIZE presented by TED,
a modern-day Turing test to be awarded to the first A.I. to walk or roll out on stage and
present a TED Talk so compelling that it commands a standing ovation from you, the audience.
Truly a Revolution !
Unexpected Connection to Creativity
Proof Verification is Linear
Creativity ‘s Creation Phase is Divergent, Non-Linear, Combinatorial
Your Revolution EmpowersA “Creativity” Revolution that Grows the World
Symbiotic Genius Focuses Upon Symbiosis of Ideas between Man & Machine
- NOT Person (Solo or Group) or Process –- Needs a Way for Humans
- to Connect /Collaborate Ideas with Machines : Math is the ANSWER
Your Revolution Enables Computer to work With Math
For correctness
Math is Ideas(Can be especially esoteric)
My RevolutionWork with Ideas to Create
TRULY REALIZE THE POWER OF YOUR WORKEnable the 3rd Digital Age – more creativity & empowerment of everyone
Viewing Creativity as a System: REDRAW?
Input Process: Solo/Group Output
Ideas(existing)
Ideas(New)
POOL OF IDEAS
Human Imagination
&Initiative
Currently Human Only
Symbiotic GeniusIncludes
Humans & Computers
PureMath
w/highAbstraction
Might be easierTo Model??
1st Machine AgeMuscle
2nd Machine AgeMind
1st Digital AgeProcess Information
2nd Digital AgeProvide
Intelligence
3rd Digital AgeProvoke Ideas
SupplementHuman Intel
SubstituteHuman Intel
WidespreadJob Loss
Pocket Prosperity
Cultivate Symbiotic Genius*Human Imagination w/Machine Intel
(meta-idea)
Pervasive Prosperity
*GeniusSolo Group Symbiotic
Present Potential
OpposingFutures
3rd
Digital Age
Mass Flourishing
HoTT
Type Theory Drives Proof Assistants
THEOREMS are IDEAS
Much Work Remains to be Done
What’s Going On?
“Voevodsky is developing a new theory which places mathematics on a new foundation. The questions he raises concern the foundations of mathematics as well as those of computer science and logic.” This theory is called “Homotopy Type Theory (HoTT)”, and “Univalent Foundations of Mathematics” is the computer-oriented project in which it is being investigated.
A simpler language for computer proofsWithin the framework of HoTT, Vladimir Voevodsky is developing an approach that allows mathematical proofs to be translated into a programming language for computer proof assistants much more easily than they can be today. If this approach succeeds, computers could in the future check proofs that are so complicated that even distinguished mathematicians make mistakes. “With the help of computer proof assistants, we can build highly complex and highly abstract mathematical theories”, says Voevodsky.
Modelling
Semantic Scholar
Semantic Scholar is a new service for scientific literature search and discovery.
Semantic Scholar focuses on semantics and textual understanding, allowing users to find key survey papers about a topic or producing a list of important citations or results in a given paper. It also serves as a resource and test bed for research in AI. Semantic Scholar is currently under active development at AI2 and will launch in late 2015.
http://allenai.org/semantic-scholar.html
Fields Medalist Gowers: Classifying Math Papers by Ideas
Stanford AI 100
https://ai100.stanford.edu/
The One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence, or AI100, is a 100-year effort
to study and anticipate how the effects of artificial intelligence will ripple through every aspect of how
people work, live and play.
OBSERVATION
Handbook of Genius
Handbook of Genius
How Google Works – Combinatorial Innovation
Focus Upon the Innovation
Productivity Growth – Alan Greenspan’s Book?
Creative Process
Creativity: Focus & Approaches
Person People(2+)
Process Product
Nature (genetics)Nurture
(environment)Neuroscience
PsychologyComputing
Focus
Approaches
Group Dynamics
Mathematics(olog)
& &
&e.g. “zig-zag”
Only Math Can Drive Combinatorial InnovationErik B, Thiel, Eric Schmidt
Math has lots of ideas!
Ada Lovelace
Einstein
JCR Licklider
Mathematics
Symbiosis
Symbiotic Genius
1815-1852(born 10 Dec)
2015-??
Fulfilling Ada Lovelace’s Vision of Symbiosis with Math 200 Years Later
??
Steve Jobs: Embrace the Limitless
http://www.fastcompany.com/3042435/steves-legacy-tim-looks-ahead
Why Will SG Invest?
Already the Smartest Nation
Launched the “Smart Nation” Initiative (Previously Intelligent Nation)
This can be a Complementary Idea Nation(Hint of Ideation)
1st of its KindFocuses upon the “IDEA”
No mention of using math to be creative Handbook of Genius (‘14) & Creative machines (‘15)
SG = Symbiotic Genius = Singapore
Funding Range – between EU & US (NSF & DOD)
EU: 43 Million Euros for 3 years
US: US$25M NSF for MBMM @ MIT, Harvard & Cornell
US$7.5M DOD for CMU
reshape the foundations of mathematics by developing a new approach that allows for large-scale formalization and computer verification. … a deep and surprising connection between abstract, mathematical geometry and computational logic
exploring the use of Homotopy Type Theory to provide new computational tools for mathematical research.
CMU’s US$7.5M Award
The MURI award, officially entitled "Homotopy Type Theory: Unified Foundations of Mathematics and Computation," … will establish CMU as the international center of research in this new field, which uses a fusion of tools drawn from abstract mathematics, such as homotopy and category theory, and the powerful computational paradigms of type theory and program verification.
The resulting new, computational foundation for mathematics is not only an important theoretical advance. It also promises to provide a useful practical tool for mathematicians and other scientists in the form of powerful computer systems that can automatically verify the correctness of large and complex mathematical proofs and organize and unify a large body of verified mathematical theory in a form that can be reused for other scientific purposes. Equally important is the promise of new applications in theoretical computer science through the use of abstract geometrical intuitions and methods.
Why Pay Money for Pure Math, which does not have any Practical Applications
With SG, Pure Math Maps to Other Disciplines, Which Then Figures out their Own Practical Applications
What are the Invariants in Pure Mathematics Ideas
that Other Disciplines can Borrow?
Symbiotic Genius Boosts Innovation
Mass InnovationMass Creativity Mass Flourishing
Symbiotic GeniusHuman Imagination
WithMachine Intelligence
Digital Economy Modern Society“Imagine Like a Genius”
Dartmouth Research“Imagination” Neuroscience
MIT Professor Erik Brynjolfsson
Nobel LaureateEdmund Phelps
EU Allots €43M for Computational Creativity (2013 onwards for 3 years)
http://prosecco-network.eu/
“Symbiotic Genius” Creativity can Raise Singapore’s Low Productivity Growth
http://www.mti.gov.sg/ResearchRoom/SiteAssets/Pages/Economic-Survey-of-Singapore-2014/FA_AES2014.pdf
Excluding 2010, productivity growth has been lacklustre, at 0.3 per cent on a CAGR basis
https://research.standardchartered.com/configuration/ROW%20Documents/Asia%E2%80%99s_productivity__The_new_story_06_05_14_02_31.pdf
Singapore
Global TFP
http://www.mas.gov.sg/~/media/resource/publications/macro_review/2014/Special%20Feature%20A_pw.pdf
TFP growth across the developed economies over this period averaged only 0.2% p.a. or 0.6% point lower than in the 1990s.
Gross World Product
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_population
The nominal 2013 gross world product was estimated at US$74.31 trillion by the CIA,
EU Computational Creativity Funding Goals
EU Computational Creativity Funding Goals
EU Computational Creativity Funding Goals
http://prosecco-network.eu/goals
CC can achieve its potential as a future and emerging topic of research and technology development, a range of important coordination actions are needed to consolidate and grow the
field while engaging with neighboring disciplines.
These include focused outreach to researchers in cognitive science, psychology, linguistics, and neuroscience, as well as to practitioners in musicology, literary theory/art theory, design
theory, and pedagogy.
Where is Mathematics?
Prosecco Team Focuses Upon Non-Scientific Creativity Team’s Recent Publications & Prosecco Projects
http://prosecco-network.eu/team
Tony Veale project coordinator. University College Dublin (IE)linguistic creativity, metaphor, simile, humor, analogy, irony, poetry
Simon Colton Goldsmiths, University of London (UK)computational painting, poetry generation, video game design, discovery in mathematics, philosophical aspectsF. Amilcar Cardoso Universidade de Coimbra (PT)concept creation, affective computing, music generationPablo Gervás Universidad Complutense de Madrid (ES)story-telling, narratology, poetry, natural-language generationGeraint Wiggins Queen Mary, University of London (UK)music generation, musicology, formal foundations of creativityNada Lavrač Institut Josef Stefan (SLO)machine learning, rule learning, data & literature mining, bisociationHannu Toivonen University of Helsinki (FI)machine learning, rule learning, data mining, poetry, music generation
18/31 (58%) of listed research interests are non-scientificProject Coordinator’s Research Interests are All Non-Scientific (7/7)
Prosecco-Funded Initiatives
http://www.whim-project.eu/
build a software system able to invent, evaluate and present fictional ideas with real cultural value for artefacts such as stories, jokes, films, paintings and advertisements.
understand the relationship between learning and creativity by means of practical engineering, theoretical study, and cognitive comparison. We begin from the position that creativity is a function of memory, that generates new structures based on memorised ones, by processes which are essentially statistical.
avoid the problem of extrinsic domain reasoning (e.g., physics in the real world) so we use music as our domain; extrinsic reasoning for music is small in comparison.
http://www.lrn2cre8.eu/
Prosecco-Funded Initiatives
http://conceptcreationtechnology.eu/
study conceptual creativity in humans and machines. Hierarchical memory representations and techniques for conceptual blending are implemented in context of a cognitive architecture of creativity based on information theoretic measures.
Implementation of a slogan generator
http://www.coinvent-project.eu/en/home.html
develop a computationally feasible, cognitively-inspired formal model of concept creation, drawing on Fauconnier and Turner's theory of conceptual blending, and grounding it on a sound mathematical theory of concepts.
.. based on Goguen's proposal of a Unified Concept Theory
Build UponUnivalent FoundationsTo Increase Creativity,
Which Benefits 1.3 Billion People
A US$25 Million 5-Year(2016-2020)
“Symbiotic Genius” Creativity Research Program
(proposed 10th Dec 2015 Launch in Singapore)
Mark LeeApril 2015
mlee@alum.mit.edu
Connections Enable Genius Solo Group Symbiotic
Solo Group Symbiotic
Within 1 Human Between Humanse.g.
Watson & Crick
Human Imagination &
Machine Intelligence
Mathematicsis the Formal Language
BetweenHuman & MachineThus the need for
Univalent Foundations
The FutureEvolution of Genius
Singapore’s Moon-Shot Solves For “Greater Creativity”
SG1000
SG 1000 Launch: Dec 10, 2015Ada Lovelace’s 200th Birthday Anniversary
SG1000
ATOMS
THOUGHTS
From Atoms to ThoughtsFrom Internet of Things to Internet of Thinks
SG1000
0%
Ideas’ Dimensions & Structure – Possible Outcomes
100%
Creativity is Connecting Things (Ideas)
Mathematical Work is Based Upon
Ideas
Univalent FoundationsFormalizes
Mathematics(Ideas)
Humans UseComputers
ToConnect & Combine
Ideas(math & non-math)
Greater Creativity
Grothendieck
http://www.directorypatent.com/WO/WOZZSLASHZZ2009ZZSLASHZZ061283.html
Co-Filed Patent with the National University of Singapore
Focus Upon the Innovation
Do Ideas Have Dimensions and Structure?
What If?Ideas Have Dimensions & Structure
Handbook of Genius, 2014
Ideas Are
Intangibles
Physical Reality
Ideas Made TangibleThus it’s Easier for Humanity to Manipulate with Digital Hands
To be Creative
Virtual Reality
TOC
Solving a Tough Problem to Make it Easier for Others
See Like an Expert - Solution GraphsSee Like a Genius - Serendipity Graphs
Solution Graphs(Experts for Existing Solutions)
Private & Confidential
Serendipity Graphs(Genius for Brand-New Solutions)
To See Like an {Expert, Genius}
To See Like An Expert – Existing SolutionsPattern Recognition
To See Like a Genius – New SolutionsImagination + Diverse Ideas
Creativity, which Drives New Ideas
The Three AI’s
Always-On Information
Artificial Intelligence
Amplified Imagination
Ray Kurzweil
Process is 6X as Important as Analysis
http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/strategy/the_case_for_behavioral_strategy
Iteration Improves Decision Making
http://teaching.fec.anu.edu.au/MGMT7030/Nutt%20-%20Half%20the%20Decisions%20Fail.pdf
Creativity: Connecting Things (Steve Jobs)
Associational thinking—drawing connections among questions,
problems or ideas from unrelated fields—
http://www.forbes.com/sites/tompost/2011/07/20/the-most-innovative-companies-today-
and-tomorrow/
Private & Confidential
Use a Wearable w/Solution Graph Platform For JIT OJT Decision-Making Recommendations
See
Via Wearable Eyewear
Extract
InformationVia
Computer Vision
Evaluate
• Sufficiency• Fit
Recommend
JIT OJT Decisions
To Employees
Solution GraphsW/AI
Cloud Computing
Use the SEE’R Wearable to Visually Acquire Information(see HERE to Compare w/Google Glass for actual reality)
EmployeesApply
DecisionsFor
ImprovedProductivity
KnowledgeDriven
Decisions
Display Device
Private & Confidential
Charge Subscriptions to Support Superior Decision Making (90% of the Value for 20% of the Training Cost)
Average Annual Per Employee Training Budget$1,200
SEE’R Wearable/Solution Graph Platform
AI
Charge $20
MonthlyFor
90% of the Value
Market Size $26 Billion
“See” Like a GeniusWearables With Serendipity Graphs
TransformThe Creative Process
The Brain’s Neural Network Supports Creativity
http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2013-09/how-imagination-works
$134 B Corporate Education Opportunity
http://www.astd.org/Publications/Magazines/TD/TD-Archive/2012/11/ASTD-2012-State-of-the-Industry-Report
ASTD estimates that U.S. organizations spent approximately $156.2 billion on employee learning in 2011. Of this total direct learning expenditure, 56 percent ($87.5 billion) was spent internally. The remainder was split between tuition reimbursement, which accounted for 14 percent ($21.9 billion), and external services comprising 30 percent($46.9 billion).
The average direct expenditure per employee decreased in 2011 to $1,182 from a peak expenditure of $1,228 ($1,267 adjusted for inflation) in 2010. This is a 4 percent (7 percentinflation adjusted) decrease on direct expenditure per employee on L&D activities and infrastructure.
Several factors influence the average spending per employee, including company size. Small companies typically spend more per employee on L&D than their larger counterparts. In 2011, small organizations with fewer than 500 employees spent on average $1,605, medium companies with 500 to 9,999 employees spent $1,102, and large organizations with a workforce size of more than 10,000 spent $825 per employee.
BEST Award-winning organizations on average spent $1,272 per employee.
Corporate Education Opportunity - 2
On average, employees clocked 31 hours of training in 2011, which is about one hour less than 2010 and six fewer hours than a peak of 37 hours in 2007. However, it is five hours more than employees were using 10 years ago.
Employees at G500 organizations average slightly more than 35 hours of learning, which is almost five hours more than the consolidated average. BEST organizations are excelling at weaving learning into the corporate culture. For the past seven years their employees have averaged more than 40 hours of learning, and this year employees at BEST organizations used on average 49 hours of learning.
while the number of hours of learning an employee used remained stable, the cost per learning hour used has increased. The cost per hour of learning has increased by approximately $10 each year for the past four years.
In 2011 there was a $13 (18 percent) increase for the consolidated group to a peak cost of $85 per learning hour used. Small and midsize organizations drive the higher cost. The average cost per learning hour used in a small company with fewer than 500 employees is $126, compared with $82 for a midsize organization, and $51 for a large organization with more than 10,000 employees.
“See Like an Expert”: Collective Productivity
Private & Confidential
http://www.engadget.com/2013/05/22/thad-starner-on-google-glass/
… Starner calls "intellectual collectives." These are, effectively, social networks -- but not in the Facebook or (more appropriately) Google+ kind of way. These networks are much more focused on real-time information sharing and collaboration. In other words: they make people more productive, not less.
could this be done on Glass? Absolutely, said Starner, but he isn't confident there's a lot of priority for it:
One of the academics will do it. The question is whether there's a commercial reason for it. When you make something like this that has a clear focus, has a clear use, stuff that's well-
baked, stuff that's compelling -- but when that hardware gets out to all my buddies [at universities] you'll see them adapting to some very interesting uses.
And that's where a line may need to be drawn, dividing Starner's vast experience in wearable technologies and the future of Glass and other derivative devices. In an academic setting, when you actively research something new and contribute to a broader project, you can get away with wearing a backpack full of circuitry while constantly adjusting a weighty
pair of glasses on your nose. After all, you're doing it for science.
Choosing From 2+ Options Lead to Better Decisions (as opposed to Yes/No decisions)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0377221785902267
Decision quality is negatively influenced by the complexity of the decision problem. Alternative designing has a strong positive impact on decision quality. Information search shows no significant relationship to decision quality. The results indicate that designing of alternatives is an important instrument to counter the challenges of complex strategic decision-problems.
However, one should not simply maximize the number of alternatives. There seems to be a very small optimal number beyond which decision quality will decrease. Besides, alternative designing has to be coordinated with other problem-solving activities, namely goal formation, process organization, and information searching.
Choosing From 2+ Options Lead to Better Decisions (as opposed to Yes/No decisions)
Page 58 of “Decisive”
Fashion“Be Seen”
Design Better
MarketBetter
Experience“To See Like …”
$64 billionGlobal Eyewear
Market
Potential
See Like an Expert - pattern recognitionor a Genius - Creativity
Market Size In $ *
Eyewear’s Purpose As …
AugmentingAuthored
Reality
* Not to Scale
Function“To See”
Blue OceanOpportunity
Function“To See”
Fashion“Be Seen”
Experience“To See Like …”
Private & Confidential
Project EYE
Google Glass“To See +”
An ExpertPattern recognition
A GeniusImagination w/Creativity
Visual, + Spatial, + Kinesthetic
2D Visual + Spatial
Visual, + Spatial, + Kinesthetic (movement)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhTMm85G9GE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X0pFZG7j5cE
Symbiotic Genius is the Future of Humanity
Solo Group Symbiotic Genius
Within 1 Human Between Humanse.g.
Watson & Crick
The FutureEvolution of Genius
BetweenHuman & Machine
HumanImagination
MachineIntelligence
Math with
Relationships Between Correctness and Creativity
Similarities Correctness Creativity
SymbioticApproach
Human + Machine
Conceptual Platform
Univalent Foundations
Difference Correctness Creativity
Focus PropertiesConnections
(per Grothendieck)
Symbiotic
Group
Solo
Human
Machine
Big Ideas (Future) versus Big Data (Present)
Why do Northeast Asians win so few Nobel Prizes?
Receiving Princeton Mathematician JH Conway’s Advice
Cultivating Creativity, which can be Learned (only 25%-40% inheritable)
http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/6760.html
Six other creativity studies of identical twins confirm the Reznikoff et al. result: roughly 25 percent to 40 percent of what we do innovatively stems from genetics. … roughly two-thirds of our innovation skills still come through learning—from first understanding the skill, then practicing it, and ultimately gaining confidence in our capacity to create.
Testing twins aged fifteen to twenty-two, they found that only about 30 percent of the performance of identical twins on a battery of ten creativity tests could be attributed to genetics.
Calculus of Ideas
Mental Construct Reasoning
Mental ConstructThat
Satisfies Explicit Formal
Rules
MathematicalReasoning
IDEA
Mathematical Structure
Ideas are a Super-Set of Mathematical Structures
AI xPrize: Human-Machine Collaboration Opportunity to Demonstrate SG 1000 Potential
a US$5 million competition, challenging teams globally,
to develop and demonstrate how humans can collaborate with
powerful AI technologies to tackle
the world’s grand challenges.
TOC : SG 1000 - WIN (click on BLUE links for details)
Solution
SG1000
What?
How?
SG1000 Creativity Research Proposal21st Century Meta-Idea
SupportsSingapore’s Long-Term (1000 Years?) Survival
• The World’s ImagiNationSG WIN
• Increased Productivity• 3rd Digital Age w/Pervasive Prosperity
Next StepsMacArthur’s 100 & Change
GPT & Nobel Prize Supplemental Information
Growth Opportunity
ideas … the real scarce inputs the few who produce good ideas will
reap huge rewards
SG 1000 can be the Next General Purpose Technology (akin to electrification and ICT)
Pervasive: used as inputs for many downstream sectors
Generalized Productivity
Gains
Inherent potential for technical improvements
Innovational complementarities: GPT innovation drives R&D productivity in downstream sectors
General Purpose Technologies “Engines of Growth” http://www.nber.org/papers/w4148
(If) Mathematics Drives Creativity, Singapore and the World will Greatly Benefit
For Singapore21sr Century Meta-Idea
WINNobel Prize
For the World
Next Step in GeniusEconomic Growth
More & Better(explain)
Pervasive Prosperity
Singapore Can Become The World’s ImagiNation* (WIN)
21st Century:World’s ImagiNation
* Natural Successor to “Smart Nation” TOC
Solo GeniusConnections within One Mind
Albert Einstein … had an unusually well-connected brain. The new insight was gleaned from
a recently discovered set of 14 photographs of Einstein’s brain taken just after his autopsy.
Group GeniusConnections Between Complementary Minds
James Watson Francis Crick
TOC : SG 1000 - WIN (click on BLUE links for details)
Opportunity
SG1000
What?
How?
SG1000 Creativity Research Proposal21st Century Meta-Idea
SupportsSingapore’s Long-Term
(1000 Years) Survival
• The World’s ImagiNation(21st Century Meta-Idea)
• Increased Productivity• 3rd Digital Age w/Pervasive Prosperity
General Purpose TechnologyNobel Prize
Next Steps
Ideas Drive Economic Growth
ideas … the real scarce inputs the few who produce good ideas will
reap huge rewards
Supplemental Information
MacArthur Foundation’s “100 & Change”
Making Code Physical Stanford University and Google Research Collaboration
https://research.googleblog.com/2016/06/project-bloks-making-code-physical-for.html
if children could use computers to express ideas, construct things, and create inventionshttps://projectbloks.withgoogle.com/static/Project_Bloks_position_paper_June_2016.p
df
The Next: Economy Requirements
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/technology-business-people-matter-tim-o-reilly
In the Next Economy: • creativity—not just efficiency—is the key to competitive advantage.• companies use technology not to replace workers but to augment them• new kinds of technology platforms become the infrastructure of
prosperity
Horseless Carriage Approach toApplying VR at Work
While most VR applications thus far have been focused on video games and
simulations, Space is focused on the ultimate end point for VR:
"Space is a computer operating environment that could be the future of work”
Shifting perspective is essential … to get innovation right
Shifting perspective should put you in a new
relationship to everything you thought you knew.
From this new perspective, you'll find it easier to
innovate successfully.
Viewing your world from a different angle requires getting out of your own way, questioning the
assumptions that likely have aided your success up to this point.
It is not an easy task, but it is a skill all leaders must master if they want to innovate and reach levels
beyond their current success.
to get new perspectives… involve people from different disciplines
creating a space in which people
from diverse fields of expertise can get together
to exchange ideas.
Frans Johansson’s The Medici Effect shows how breakthrough ideas
most often occur when we bring concepts from one field
into a new, unfamiliar territory
US Department of Defense Funds Univalent Foundations To Reshape Mathematics
http://www.cmu.edu/news/stories/archives/2014/april/april28_awodeygrant.html
SG 1000: Complementary Research That Adds Ideas
+ Ideas
Proposed US$25M 5-Year
(2016-2020)
“Symbiotic Genius” CreativityResearch Program
SG1000
Singapore’s SG 1000 Creativity Research Moon-Shot Solves For “Greater Creativity”
The Need to Nurture Creativity for the World’s 7 Billion
Population
Cross-Disciplinary Solution: Neuroscience, CS,
Mathematics, Psychology, …
To Be Launched on 10th Dec 2015
https://www.solveforx.com/moonshots/new/
Ada Lovelace Einstein Symbiotic Genius
1815 1915 2015
Ada Lovelace’s Birth
Einstein’sGeneral Relativity
SG 1000Launch
10 Dec
200th Birthday Anniversary
1st Machine AgeAugment Muscle
1st Digital AgeProcess Information
2nd Digital AgeProvide Intelligence
3rd Digital AgeProvoke Ideas
ComplementHuman Intel
ReplaceHuman Intel
WidespreadJob Loss
Pocket Prosperity
Harness Symbiotic Genius**Human Imagination w/Machine Intel
Pervasive Prosperity
Present Future
OpposingFutures
Mass Flourishing
Symbiotic Genius Ignites 3rd Digital Age (of Ideas)
2nd Machine AgeAugment Mind
Lovelace’s Vision versus Turing’s Vision
Ada LovelaceSG Pioneer
Symbiotic Genius Driven by
Human & Machine
Alan TuringAI Pioneer
SingularityDriven byMachine
http://www.tau.ac.il/~corry/publications/articles/pdf/endeavour.pdf
Einstein: The Creative Principles Resides in Mathematics
Einstein’s June 1933 Herbert Spencer lecture at Oxford.
Alexander Grothendieck: The Power of Ideas
Mathematical Work
is Built Upon Ideas
Grothendieck: Pay Attention to the Connections (arrows)
Creativity Is
ConnectingIdeas
Mark Lee
MIT S.M. ’99(Technology and Policy)
Mark Lee With 2010 Fields Medalist Ngô
Jan 2015, SingaporeTOC
1st Machine AgeAugment Muscle
Process Information Provide Intelligence
SupplementHuman Intel
ReplaceHuman Intel
WidespreadUnemployment
Pockets of Prosperity
Human Imagination w/Machine Intelligence
(Symbiotic Genius)
Pervasive Prosperity
SG: Human Imagination with Machine Intelligence→ Pervasive Prosperity
2nd Machine AgeAugment Mind Future: 2016 →
ContrastingFutures
Stimulate & GenerateIdeas
Augment Imagination