Post on 18-Jan-2016
Session 4Session 4
Preventive Preventive Maintenance Maintenance TreatmentsTreatments
Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
1.1. Identify typical preventive Identify typical preventive maintenance techniques used on maintenance techniques used on HMA and PCC pavementsHMA and PCC pavements
2.2. Identify the purpose/effectiveness Identify the purpose/effectiveness and feasibility of preventive and feasibility of preventive maintenance treatmentsmaintenance treatments
Upon completion of this module, you Upon completion of this module, you will be able to:will be able to:
Preventive Maintenance Preventive Maintenance TreatmentsTreatments
Available treatmentsAvailable treatments HMA pavementsHMA pavements PCC pavementsPCC pavements
Purpose of individual treatmentsPurpose of individual treatments
Acceptable pavement conditions for Acceptable pavement conditions for application (feasibility)application (feasibility)
PM Techniques for PM Techniques for HMA-Surfaced PavementsHMA-Surfaced Pavements
HMAHMA
Preventive Maintenance Preventive Maintenance Technique TypesTechnique Types
Crack treatmentsCrack treatments
Surface treatmentsSurface treatments
Recycling treatmentsRecycling treatments
Milling and thin HMA overlaysMilling and thin HMA overlays
Maintenance of drainage featuresMaintenance of drainage features
HMAHMA
Crack TreatmentsCrack TreatmentsPurpose
Used to prevent Used to prevent water and debris water and debris from entering from entering individual cracks in individual cracks in the HMA the HMA pavement surfacepavement surface
HMAHMA
Crack SealingCrack Sealing
Distress TypeFatigue Cracking
Linear & Block Cracking“Stable” Rutting
RavelingFlushing/Bleeding
RoughnessFriction Loss
Moisture DamageShoving
Extent of ProblemMinor Major
HMAHMA
Feasible
Not Appropriate
FeasibilityFeasibility
Effective
Marginal
No Impact
EffectivenessEffectiveness
Surface TreatmentsSurface TreatmentsPurpose
Typically used to:Typically used to:
Seal cracksSeal cracks
Waterproof surfaceWaterproof surface
Improve frictionImprove friction
Improve rideabilityImprove rideability
Rejuvenate Rejuvenate surfacesurface HMAHMA
Surface TreatmentsSurface TreatmentsTypesTypes
Fog sealFog seal
Slurry sealSlurry seal
MicrosurfacingMicrosurfacing
Chip sealChip seal
Scrub sealScrub seal
Ultrathin friction courseUltrathin friction course
Others?Others?HMAHMA
Light application of diluted, slow-setting asphalt emulsion without aggregate cover
Description
Purpose Seal pavement Inhibit raveling Enrich hardened/oxidized asphalt Provide delineation with shoulder
Fog SealFog Seal
HMAHMA
Fog SealFog Seal
Distress TypeFatigue Cracking
Linear & Block Cracking“Stable” Rutting
RavelingFlushing/Bleeding
RoughnessFriction Loss
Moisture DamageShoving
Extent of ProblemMinor Major
HMAHMA
Feasible
Not Appropriate
FeasibilityFeasibility
Effective
Marginal
No Impact
EffectivenessEffectiveness
Slurry SealSlurry Seal
Mixture of well-graded aggregate and slow setting asphalt emulsion
Description
Purpose Seal surface cracks Correct raveling/oxidation Fill minor surface irregularities and
restore frictionHMAHMA
Slurry SealSlurry Seal
Distress TypeFatigue Cracking
Linear & Block Cracking“Stable” Rutting
RavelingFlushing/Bleeding
RoughnessFriction Loss
Moisture DamageShoving
Extent of ProblemMinor Major
HMAHMA
Feasible
Not Appropriate
FeasibilityFeasibility
Effective
Marginal
No Impact
EffectivenessEffectiveness
MicrosurfacinMicrosurfacingg
Mixture of high-quality aggregates and polymer-modified emulsion binder
Description
Purpose Inhibit raveling and surface oxidation Improve surface friction Fill ruts/minor surface irregularities Seal pavement surface
HMAHMA
MicrosurfacingMicrosurfacing
Distress TypeFatigue Cracking
Linear & Block Cracking“Stable” Rutting
RavelingFlushing/Bleeding
RoughnessFriction Loss
Moisture DamageShoving
Extent of ProblemMinor Major
HMAHMA
Feasible
Not Appropriate
FeasibilityFeasibility
Effective
Marginal
No Impact
EffectivenessEffectiveness
Chip SealChip Seal
Application of asphalt and aggregate chips rolled onto the pavement
Purpose Seal pavement Enrich hardened/oxidized asphalt Retard reflection cracking on HMA overlays Improve surface friction
Description
HMAHMA
Chip SealChip Seal
Distress TypeFatigue Cracking
Linear & Block Cracking“Stable” Rutting
RavelingFlushing/Bleeding
RoughnessFriction Loss
Moisture DamageShoving
Extent of ProblemMinor Major
HMAHMA
Feasible
Not Appropriate
FeasibilityFeasibility
Effective
Marginal
No Impact
EffectivenessEffectiveness
Scrub SealScrub Seal
Application of sand or small-sized aggregate on broomed layer of polymer-modified asphalt
Purpose Fill and seal small cracks and voids Enrich hardened/oxidized asphalt Preparation for another treatment
Description
HMAHMA
Scrub SealScrub Seal
Distress TypeFatigue Cracking
Linear & Block Cracking“Stable” Rutting
RavelingFlushing/Bleeding
RoughnessFriction Loss
Moisture DamageShoving
Extent of ProblemMinor Major
HMAHMA
Feasible
Not Appropriate
FeasibilityFeasibility
Effective
Marginal
No Impact
EffectivenessEffectiveness
Ultrathin Friction Ultrathin Friction CourseCourse
Gap-graded, polymer-modified HMA placed on a heavy, polymer-modified emulsified asphalt tack coat
Purpose Increase surface friction Address surface distress Reduce noise
Description
HMAHMA
Ultrathin Friction CourseUltrathin Friction Course
Distress TypeFatigue Cracking
Linear & Block Cracking“Stable” Rutting
RavelingFlushing/Bleeding
RoughnessFriction Loss
Moisture DamageShoving
Extent of ProblemMinor Major
HMAHMA
Feasible
Not Appropriate
FeasibilityFeasibility
Effective
Marginal
No Impact
EffectivenessEffectiveness
Recycling TreatmentsRecycling TreatmentsPurpose
Typically used to:Typically used to:
Rework HMA to a HMA to a depth of 50 to 100 depth of 50 to 100 mm (2 to 4 inches)mm (2 to 4 inches)
Correct surface distressesCorrect surface distresses
Improve profile, crown, and slopeImprove profile, crown, and slope
HMAHMA
Recycling TreatmentsRecycling TreatmentsTypesTypes
Cold In-Place Recycling (CIR)Cold In-Place Recycling (CIR)
Hot In-Place Recycling (HIR)Hot In-Place Recycling (HIR)
HMAHMA
Cold In-Place Cold In-Place RecyclingRecycling
Milling, rejuvenating, and replacement of the top portion of the HMA surface (performed without heat)
Purpose Rework HMA to depth of 50 to 100 mm Correct surface distresses Improve profile, crown, and cross-slope
Description
HMAHMA
Hot In-Place Hot In-Place RecyclingRecycling
Milling, rejuvenating, and replacement of the top portion of the HMA surface (performed with heat)
Purpose Rework HMA to depth of 25 to 50 mm Correct surface distresses Improve profile, crown, and cross-slope
Description
HMAHMA
Cold and Hot In-Place RecyclingCold and Hot In-Place Recycling
Distress TypeFatigue Cracking
Linear & Block Cracking“Stable” Rutting
RavelingFlushing/Bleeding
RoughnessFriction Loss
Moisture DamageShoving
Extent of ProblemMinor Major
HMAHMA
Feasible
Not Appropriate
FeasibilityFeasibility
Effective
Marginal
No Impact
EffectivenessEffectiveness
Milling with Thin Milling with Thin HMA OverlayHMA Overlay
Application of a new HMA wearing course after milling of the top portion of the HMA surface
Purpose OGFC reduce hydroplaning and tire splash Improve rideability and surface friction Improve profile, crown, and cross-slope
Description
HMAHMA
Milling with Thin HMA OverlayMilling with Thin HMA Overlay
Distress TypeFatigue Cracking
Linear & Block Cracking“Stable” Rutting
RavelingFlushing/Bleeding
RoughnessFriction Loss
Moisture DamageShoving
Extent of ProblemMinor Major
HMAHMA
Feasible
Not Appropriate
FeasibilityFeasibility
Effective
Marginal
No Impact
EffectivenessEffectiveness
Maintenance of Drainage Maintenance of Drainage FeaturesFeatures
Any activity that will improve the drainability Any activity that will improve the drainability of a pavement sectionof a pavement section
Description
PurposeMinimize time to remove infiltrated or surface water
Recommended UseStrongly recommended on all HMA
pavements HMAHMA
PM Techniques for PM Techniques for PCC-Surfaced PavementsPCC-Surfaced Pavements
PCCPCC
Common PM Techniques Common PM Techniques for PCC-Surfaced for PCC-Surfaced
PavementsPavements Joint/crack sealingJoint/crack sealing
Diamond grindingDiamond grinding
Diamond groovingDiamond grooving
UndersealingUndersealing
Load transfer restorationLoad transfer restoration
Maintenance of drainage featuresMaintenance of drainage featuresPCCPCC
Joint/Crack Joint/Crack SealingSealing
Application of a sealant material in concrete pavement joints and cracks
Purpose Minimize moisture infiltration Prevent intrusion of incompressibles
Description
PCCPCC
Joint/Crack SealingJoint/Crack Sealing
Distress TypeLinear CrackingCorner Breaks
Transverse Joint FaultingJoint Spalling
D-CrackingPumping
RoughnessFriction Loss
Surface Distress
Extent of ProblemMinor Major
HMAHMA
Feasible
Not Appropriate
FeasibilityFeasibility
Effective
Marginal
No Impact
EffectivenessEffectiveness
Diamond Diamond GrindingGrinding
Removal of a thin layer of PCC using stacked diamond tipped cutting blades
Purpose Remove faulting Improve surface rideability Improve surface friction
Description
PCCPCC
Diamond GrindingDiamond Grinding
Distress TypeLinear CrackingCorner Breaks
Transverse Joint FaultingJoint Spalling
D-CrackingPumping
RoughnessFriction Loss
Surface Distress
Extent of ProblemMinor Major
HMAHMA
Feasible
Not Appropriate
FeasibilityFeasibility
Effective
Marginal
No Impact
EffectivenessEffectiveness
Diamond Diamond GroovingGrooving
Creation of narrow grooves in the PCC surface using diamond tipped cutting blades (localized areas)
PurposeReduce hydroplaning and wet weather accidents
Description
PCCPCC
Diamond GroovingDiamond Grooving
Distress TypeLinear CrackingCorner Breaks
Transverse Joint FaultingJoint Spalling
D-CrackingPumping
RoughnessFriction Loss
Surface Distress
Extent of ProblemMinor Major
HMAHMA
Feasible
Not Appropriate
FeasibilityFeasibility
Effective
Marginal
No Impact
EffectivenessEffectiveness
UndersealingUndersealing
Pressure insertion of flowable material beneath a PCC slab
Purpose Fill underlying voids (not raise slab) Reduce pavement deflections Minimize pumping and faulting
Description
PCCPCC
UndersealingUndersealing
Distress TypeLinear CrackingCorner Breaks
Transverse Joint FaultingJoint Spalling
D-CrackingPumping
RoughnessFriction Loss
Surface Distress
Extent of ProblemMinor Major
HMAHMA
Feasible
Not Appropriate
FeasibilityFeasibility
Effective
Marginal
No Impact
EffectivenessEffectiveness
Load-Transfer Load-Transfer RestorationRestoration
Placement of load transfer devices across joints or cracks in an existing pavement
Purpose Provide reliable load transfer Reduce or eliminate pumping, faulting,
and corner breaks (reducing deflections)
Description
PCCPCC
Load-Transfer RestorationLoad-Transfer Restoration
Distress TypeLinear CrackingCorner Breaks
Transverse Joint FaultingJoint Spalling
D-CrackingPumping
RoughnessFriction Loss
Surface Distress
Extent of ProblemMinor Major
HMAHMA
Feasible
Not Appropriate
FeasibilityFeasibility
Effective
Marginal
No Impact
EffectivenessEffectiveness
Maintenance of Drainage Maintenance of Drainage FeaturesFeatures
Any activity that will improve the drainability Any activity that will improve the drainability of a pavement sectionof a pavement section
Description
PurposeMinimize time to remove infiltrated or surface water
Recommended UseStrongly recommended on all PCC
pavements PCCPCC
Other PM Techniques?Other PM Techniques?
Do you use Do you use any any techniques techniques other than other than those listed?those listed?
PM Techniques PM Techniques for Shoulders?for Shoulders?
What’s What’s different?different?
What’s the What’s the same?same?
Review of Learning Review of Learning ObjectivesObjectives
1.1. Identify typical preventive Identify typical preventive maintenance techniques used on maintenance techniques used on HMA and PCC pavementsHMA and PCC pavements
2.2. Identify the purpose/effectiveness Identify the purpose/effectiveness and feasibility of preventive and feasibility of preventive maintenance treatmentsmaintenance treatments