SEPTIC TANK

ByA N B GOWDA

SEPTIC TANK

The term "septic" refers to the anaerobic bacterial environment that develops in the tank which decomposes or mineralizes the waste discharged into the tank.

The wastewater may be from toilets only (sewage), or include sullage (wastewater from kitchens, laundries and bathrooms, also called ‘greywater’).

A septic tank is a key component of a septic system, a small-scale sewage treatment system common in areas that lack connection to main sewage pipes provided by local governments or private corporations. Other components may include pumps, alarms, sand filters, and clarified liquid effluent disposal methods such as a septic drain field, ponds, natural stone fiber filter plants.

TYPES

WORKING

EMPTYING

PROCESS

ADVANTAGES

Drainage system is a reliable Odor-free system Removing large quantities of sewage and sullage Secure and private

DISADVANTAGES

Odor and gas emissions Nutrients in the effluent Groundwater pollution Surface water pollution

INFLUENCING FACTORS Excessive disposal of cooking oils and grease can cause the inlet

drains to block Flushing non-biodegradable waste items down the toilet such as 

cigarette butts, cotton buds, ect can cause a septic tank to clog and fill rapidly.

Using the toilet for disposal of food waste can cause a rapid overload of the system with solids and contribute to failure

Certain chemicals may damage the components of a septic tank or kill the bacteria needed in the septic tank for the system to operate properly, such as pesticides, herbicides, materials with high concentrations of bleach or caustic soda or any other inorganic materials such as paints or solvents.

The flushing of salted water into the septic system can lead to sodium binding in the drainfield. The clay and fine silt particles bind together and effectively waterproof the leach field, rendering it ineffective

Roots from trees and shrubbery protruding above the tank or drain field may clog and/or rupture them.

Excessive water entering the system may overload it and cause it to fail.

Very high rainfall, rapid snowmelt, and flooding from rivers or the sea can all prevent a drain field from operating, and can cause flow to back up, interfering with the normal operation of the tank. High winter water tables can also result in groundwater flowing back into the septic tank.

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