September 26, 2013Lesson on: Volcanoes

Learning: 1. To describe the key features of a

volcano. 2. To identify the differences in

volcanoes.

Dwight Sutherland 2012

What exactly is a volcano?

KeywordVolcano: A cone shape mountain or hill through which lava, ash and gas may be ejected.

Word clue. Use these words to help• Cone • Lava• Ash • Ejected

Dwight Sutherland 2012

Lahars

Dwight Sutherland 2012

Lahars – A mixture of lava and soil that flows down a volcano.

Pyroclastic flow – Gases from the volcano mixed with ash and water vapour that flows down a volcano.

OPTIONAL TASK: Write the meaning of the different features of a volcano.

OPTIONAL TASK: Label the diagram below to show the main features of a volcano.

Dwight Sutherland 2012

Volcanoes are located in different places.

TASK: How are these volcanoesdifferent? Use the images to help you explain.

A

BSea

Dwight Sutherland 2012

Example: Some volcanoes are located on land. When they erupt they make mountains higher.

Other volcanoes are at sea. When they erupt they form islands.

Volcanoes form at different plate boundaries. They form at destructive and constructive boundary)

TASK: How are volcanoes formed differently? Use the diagrams below to explain.

Destructive Plate boundary

Constructive Plate Boundary

Dwight Sutherland 2012

Shield

Composite

Volcanic cone is the shape of the volcano hill. Volcanic cones are different. TASK: How are volcanic cones below different? Use the diagrams below to explain.

Dwight Sutherland 2012

Volcanoes pass through different life stages. TASK: How are volcano life stages different? Use sources below to explain.

A volcano that erupted in recent times. A young volcano with a growing magma chamber.

A volcano that has not erupted in the last 2000 years. It has a large magma chamber. It’s sleeping.

A volcano that has not erupted in a long time and will never erupt again. It’s dead. It’s magma chamber is empty. It looks more like a mountain with plants and animals than a volcano.

Active Dormant

Extinct

Dwight Sutherland 2012

Volcanoes eject different lava.TASK: How are lavas different below? Use the images below to explain.

Dwight Sutherland 2012

Runny lavaViscous (sticky) lava

Not all volcanoes have big explosions. Volcanic eruptions are different.TASK: How are volcanic eruptions different? Use the facts below to explain.

Volcanic explosivity Index (VEI): The measurement of how explosive a volcano eruption is.• 0 No explosion• 1 Low explosion• 2• 3• 4• 5• 6• 7• 8 High explosion

Dwight Sutherland 2012

Recap TASK: Finish the statements below. Volcanoes are different by:

• Their magma type (the material that they are made of). Example viscous (sticky) versus runny (liquid) lava.

• Their location. Example some are on land others are in the sea.

• Their f… • Their l… s…• Their v… c…• Their e… index

Dwight Sutherland 2012

Recap TASK: Finish the statements below. Volcanoes are different by:

• Their magma type (the material that they are made of). Example viscous (sticky) versus runny lava.

• Their location. Example some are on land others are in the sea.

• Their formation. Example constructive versus destructive boundaries.

• Their life stage. Example active, dormant and extinct.• Their volcanic cones. Example shield versus

composite.• Their eruption index.

Dwight Sutherland 2012

More challenging Recap TASK: Finish the statements below. Volcanoes are different by:

• Their magma type (the material that they are made of). Example viscous (sticky) versus runny lava.

• Their location. Example some are on land others are in the sea.

• Their formation • Their life stage• Their volcanic cones• Their eruption

Dwight Sutherland 2012