UNIT 2SENSITIVITY

ANDCOORDINATIONJOSE CARLOS CENTENO

Stimulus and response

The function of sensitivity is to produce a response to a stimulus we receive.

Stimuli A stimulus is anything you see , hear ,

touch, smell or taste. Stimuli can be internal or external: Internal stimuli. External stimuli.

Stimulus and responses

The body has diferent receptors to receive diferents types of stimuli. There are two types of receptors: Internal receptors. External receptors.

Receptors

Receptors

A response is the body´s answer to a

stimulus . Muscular responses. Glands responses.

Responses

The senses

The eye is the organ of sight. It is made up of the eyeball and protected

by the eyebrows , eyelids and eyelashes.

Sight

Sight

The nose is the organ of smell. The receptors of smell are in the pituitary gland , inside the nostrils.

Smell

Smell

The ear is the organ of hearing. It has tree parts: The outer ear includes the ear and the ear

canal. The middle ear includes the eardrum and

the small bones. The inner ear includes the cochlea and the

auditory nerve.

Hearing

Hearing

The skin is the organ of touch. It is made up of tree layers: Epidermis , dermis and hypodermis

Touch

Touch

The tongue is the organ of taste. The receptors of taste are in the taste buds

Taste

Taste

The nervous sytem is made up of nerve centres and nerve The central nervous system has two parts:

The brain inside the skull. It is made up of cerebrum , cerebellum and the brain stem. The spinal cord is made up of many neurons it is protected by vertebrae. The peripheral nervous system is made up

of : Sensory nerves. Motor nerves.

The nervous system

The nervous system

They are made up of a cell body ,

dendrites , axons. Neurons receive information from other

neurons .

Neurons

Neurons

1. When we see the clouds our sensory nerves inform the brain about this.

2. Our brain processes the information and produces a response , deciding to look for an umbrella.

3. Our motor nerves transmit a responses to the muscles , making them move to take the umbrella and open it.

Voluntary movements

Voluntary movements

The spinal cord produces a resposes in the case of involuntary movements.

Sensory nerves: transmit information about involuntary movements to the spinal cord.

The spinal cord: produces a very fast response and transmits it to the muscles through the motor nerves.

Involuntary movements

Involuntary movements

The skeletal and musculature system is in charge of carrying muscular responses created by the nervous system.

It is made up of the skeleton and musculature.

The skeletal and muscular system

The skeleton is made up of all the bones in the body:

Head bones.There are two groups , skull bones and facial bones.

Trunk bones.There are two groups , the spine and the rig cage.

Limb bones.There are two groups , the upper limb bones and the lower limb bones.

The skeleton

The skeleton

The joints are located where two or more bones meet.Bones are connected by resistant fibres called ligaments

There are tree types of joints: Moveable joints Semi-moveable joints Fixed joints

Joints

The musculature is the set of muscles in the body. Locomotor muscles are connected to the bones .

Head muscles:masseter , buccinator , orbicular.

Trunk muscles:sternocleidomastoid , abdominal , pectoral ,intercostal , trapezius.

Limb muscles:biceps, triceps , deltoid , quadriceps , gluteus , calf muscles.

The musculature

The muscles

The end