Seismic Jeopardy!

Seismic Jeopardy!Better Safe

than Quarry

Hazards!! Locating Quaking

Crust in Motion

Fault Monitor

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What are 2 tools that scientists use to monitor

fault movement?

1. Creep meters2. Laser-ranging devices3. Tilt meters4. Satellites

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What are Elevation and Relief?

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Elevation is a landform’s height above sea level.

Relief is the difference between highest and lowest elevations.

What poses the most danger during an earthquake?

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Falling objects.

What are 3 types of landforms? Describe their

elevations and reliefs.

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Plains: have varying elevations (Coastal / Interior) and low relief.

Plateaus: a flat top with high elevation and relief.

Mountains: high elevations & reliefs.

Where is the safest area to be during an earthquake? What

areas should you avoid?

The safest area is outside, away from falling objects.

Avoid outer walls and windows.

Final Jeopardy

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Aside from buildings, what other important things can

earthquakes damage?

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Power linesWater mains

Gas linesRoads

Bridges

An earthquake has just occurred and you’re still alive! But you are not out

of danger yet. Why?

Aftershocks – smaller, residual quakes – can occur shortly

after the primary quake.

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Describe Liquefaction and how it occurs.

Liquefaction is when soil turns into a liquid mud. This

is due to rapid, violent vibrations in the earth.

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Describe the process that can cause a Tsunami out in the middle

of the ocean.

When one plate subducts, the friction can cause the overlying plate to bend. Releasing this energy (an earthquake)

can trigger a massive wave.

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What information can you gather from this picture?

1. The materials / soil of this road were loosely packed

2. An earthquake occurred with a lot of motion to cause Liquefaction

Final Jeopardy

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Where do earthquakes primarily occur?

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Along a Fault, or break in Earth’s surface where plates

move past one another.

What is the difference between the Focus and the Epicenter of

an earthquake?

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The Focus is the starting point of a quake, underground.

The Epicenter is the point directly above the focus at the surface.

What are the 3 types of seismic waves? Give a characteristic of each.

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Primary Waves: first to arrive, compression / tension stress.

Secondary Waves: arrive second, up & down or side to side motion.

Surface Waves: P & S waves that reach the surface, severe ground movement.

How can we use seismic waves to learn more about

Earth’s interior?

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P-waves can travel through any state of matter.

S-waves can not pass through liquids or air.

What do the shapes below represent? Explain.

Final Jeopardy

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The circles represent seismograph stations. Using time between P & S waves, they can tell how far away a quake occurred. Using 3 or more stations,

they can triangulate the exact location.

What is Stress?

Stress is the measure of force applied to a given area.

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What effect does stress have on rocks and crust?

Deformation, which changes the shape or volume.

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What do the following animations represent?

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Compression stress and Tension stress.

What are Anticlines and Synclines?

Anticlines are an upward fold or peak in rock.

Synclines are a downward fold or smile in rock.

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A

Describe the 3 types of Faults. What types of stress are they associated with?

Normal faults are when the hanging wall moves down from Tension stress.

Reverse faults are when the hanging wall moves up from Compression stress.

Strike-slip faults are when plates slide past each other from Shear stress.

Final Jeopardy

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Define Magnitude.

A measure of the amount of energy released by

an earthquake.

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What is the Mercalli scale and why is it no longer used?

Rates earthquake according to damage dealt. Was not accurate.

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What is the Richter scale?

Developed by Charles Richter, this scale measures the intensity

of ground movements.

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What is Moment Magnitude? Why is it the preferred method for

measuring earthquakes?

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Moment Magnitude measures the total energy an earthquake releases.

Preferred because it can measure any size earthquake, no matter how far.

What does this graph tell us about the increments of the Richter scale?

Final Jeopardy

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That the magnitude from one step to the next is a difference of 10 times!

Demonstrate proper earthquake safety!

Go! Go! Go!

EARTHQUAKE!!!

STOP

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