Post on 17-Jan-2017
Chong Boon Secondary School Geography Unit Lower Secondary
Sec 1 Unit 1 Lesson 2What do geographers study?
2016
Unit Objectives
At the end of this unit you will be able to:› Identify the key concept in Physical Geography
› Identify the key concepts in Human Geography
Geographers study 2 aspects
Physical Geography Human Geography
Physical Geography
4 Spheres1.Atmosphere2.Biosphere3.Hydrosphere4.Lithosphere
Atmosphere
Atmosphere Layer of air above the
ground. 15km above the surface. Weather elements occur here
› Temperature, rainfall, humidity, winds.
Biosphere
Biosphere All life on earth Important part of the oxygen
cycle Interaction between humans
and the rest of the biosphere has severe effects on the earth.
Lithosphere
Lithosphere Outermost solid crust of the
Earth. The surface layer of the earth
› Including the seafloor Earthquakes occur due to
lithosphere movement Interaction of humans with the
lithosphere in fossil fuel excavation.
Hydrosphere
Hydrosphere All water on earth.
› Oceans, Seas, Reservoirs, rivers, wetlands, ice sheets, underground water, moisture in air.
Water covers 70% of earth Study water movement Study the effect of hydrosphere on
humans
Human Geography
Human Geography How and where humans
live. Four key components
1.Population2.Settlements3.Development4.Culture
Population
Population The total number of people
living in a place. Current global population is over
7 billion› China and India have over 2.5
billion humans combined Population increase leads to
greater need for resources.
Settlements Places where people live, work
and carry out activities.› Villages, towns, cities.
Type of work available affects size of settlement.
The way that settlement grows is mostly a result of the economic factors.
Development Use of resources (natural and
human) to achieve a higher standard of living.
Developed Countries (DCs)› USA, Switzerland, Japan, Singapore
Less Developed Countries (LDCs)› Laos, Democratic Republic of
Congo,
Culture The way people live, including
their economic activities, traditional beliefs and religious practices.
Culture can be region specific, across national boundaries.
Review What are the components of Physical Geography?
What are the components of Human Geography?
Next Lesson
Read pg 11 to 17 of the textbook.