Scientific Method Scientific Method ReviewReview

State Standards:State Standards:

Investigation and ExperimentationInvestigation and Experimentation

What the state expects:What the state expects:

Review notesReview notes

The scientific method is a series of steps that scientists use to answer questions and solve problems.

Any information you gather through your senses is an observation. Observations often lead to questions or problems

A hypothesis is a possible explanation or answer to a question. A good hypothesis is testable

Review notesReview notes

after you test a hypothesis, you should analyze your results and draw conclusions about whether tour hypothesis was supported.

Communicating your findings (data) allows others to certify your results or continue to investigate your problem.

A scientific theory is the result of many investigations and many hypotheses that have been supported over time.

Review notesReview notes

Scientific models are representatives of objects or systems. Models make difficult concepts easier to understand.

Models can represent things too small to see or too large to observe directly

Models can be used to test hypotheses and illustrate theories

Definitions to KnowDefinitions to Know

scientific method: a series of steps that scientists use to answer questions and solve problems

hypothesis: a possible explanation or answer to a question

data: any information that results from experimentation

observation: any use of the senses to gather information

Definitions to KnowDefinitions to Know

area: the amount of surface an object has density: the amount of matter in a given

space; mass per unit volume (density = mass/volume)

volume: the amount of space that something occupies or the amount of space that something contains

mass; the amount of matter that something is made of; does not change with the objects location

Definitions to KnowDefinitions to Know

meter: the basic unit of length in the SI system

temperature: the measure of how hot (or cold) something is

control group: the part of a controlled experiment that contains all of the same variable and constants as the experimental group but the independent variable is NOT changed

Definitions to KnowDefinitions to Know

variable: any factor in a scientific investigation that can have more than one value. In an experiment it is what is being tested AND measured

slope: a number describing how steep a plotted line on a graph is; equal to the rise divided by the run.

Scientific MethodScientific Method

Answers:Answers:

3. F 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. E 8. D

Math In ScienceMath In Science

1. a cereal box has a mass of 340g. its dimensions are 27cm x 19cm x 6 cm. what is the volume of the box?

Math In ScienceMath In Science

1. a cereal box has a mass of 340g. its dimensions are 27cm x 19cm x 6 cm. what is the volume of the box?

Answer:Answer:

volume = 27cm x 19cm x 6cm = 3078 cm3

Math In ScienceMath In Science

2. Each of two cement building blocks has a volume of 2.5L. The mass of block A is 5kg, and the mass of block B is 7kg. find the difference in the densities of the two blocks (density = mass / volume)

Answer:Answer:

Block A: D= 5kg/2.5L = 2.0 kg/L Block B; D= 7kg/2.5L = 2.8 kg/L Block B is more dense than Block

A; the difference is 0.8 kg/L

Variables & Controls:

3. Imagine that you are conducting an experiment in which you are testing the effects of the height of a ramp on the speed at which a toy car goes down the ramp.

What is the variable in this experiment?

What factors must be controlled?

Answer:Answer:

The variable is the height of the ramp.

Controlled factors include the type of car, the material the ramp is made of, and the point from which the car is released.

Calculating Area:Calculating Area:

3. a. A = 1/2 x 7m x 8m = 28 m2 b. A=12cm x 3cm = 36 cm2 c. 11m x 11m =121m2

d. A= 180 cm2 + 630 cm2 = 810 cm2

e. A= 1.05m2 + 10.5m2 + 5.25m2 = 16.8m2

Finding Volume:

1. a. V= 10m x 7m x5m = 350m3 b. V= 3.5cm x 3.5cm x3.5cm=

42.875cm3 c . V=0.25cm x 0.5cm x 3cm =

0.375cm3 d. 8 cm x 6cm x 300cm = 14,400

cm3

Challenge yourself:

50m x 2.5m = 125 m2 2500m3 / 125 m2 = 20m

What is a Ratio?What is a Ratio?

1

2.

3.