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SCADACommunications for

Protection Engineers

Rich Hunt, Bogdan Popescu

GE Digital Energy

 Teas A!" Relay Conference #$%&

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'uestions()hat does the SCADA team do*

RT+s are oer - .hy don/t they use

relays*Communications(

0ntegral part of SCADA

Ad1unct function to protection

0ntroduction

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SCADA System

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SCADA 2unctions

Type Function DescriptionStatus "etering Real time po.er system status

  "easurements3on4operational data such as temperatures, gaspressure, etc5

  Deice Status Real time e6uipment status  Deice Alarms Real time e6uipment status

Control Direct Trip ! Close +nsuperised control of primary e6uipment

  SB7 Trip ! Close Superised control of primary e6uipment

  S.itching Automatic s.itching se6uences for primary e6uipment

  0nterloc8ingSecure s.itching se6uences to ensure operations ta8eplace in a speci9c order to preent e6uipment damageor operational failures

  Control :ogicProgramma;le logic used to implement s.itching,interloc8ing, and other operations

Communications Communications Gate.aySingle point of remote communications access for thesu;station for SCADA and engineering needs

  Protocol ConersionConerting data ;et.een arious SCADA protocolsimplemented ;y legacy deices

  Data ConcentrationCom;ining real time po.er system status data forsimpler transmission

  Historian < DBData storage and management for long term analysisand documentation

  Security 2ire.all Proide cy;er security functionality for a su;station5

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SCADA Deices

Device Typical Use

RTURemote Terminal +nit5 Separate deice, .ith 0<7 peripherals, for collecting statusinformation and issuing control commands

GatewayCommunications interface directly to other e6uipment5 Some connection to 0<7peripherals5

HMI Human "achine 0nterface5 A separate graphical user interface that may include someRT+ and Gate.ay roles

Automation Controller / !C Separate deice to implement control logic if not aaila;le in RT+, Gate.ay, or H"0

I/" erip#erals0<7 deices such as measurement transducers and contact 0<7 to implement SCADAfunctions

$CUBay control unit5 0ntended to ;e a ;ay leel SCADA deice for status and control ofe6uipment ;ays

rotective relayPart of the SCADA system .hen proiding status information, and<or as a controlpoint

Meters Proides status information

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Register4;ased protocolsD3P= >0EEE %?%&@

"od;us

%$$/s of othersCommunications modeling

0EC %?&$

Communications "ethods

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D3P s %?&$ for ProtectionDeices

D%

Polls relays for data

Sends controls to relays

Re6uires points listmapping in deice

:ist from SCADA,con9guration ;y protection

I&C '()*+

Reports from relay

Controls to relay

Dataset <communicationscon9guration doneeternal to protection

G77SE for protection,SCADA

)ho con9gures*

)ho o.ns*

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7perations( Protection s5 SCADA

Protection 7perationsProtection trip, close

Relia;le, deterministic, lo. latency,

unsuperisedSCADA operations

3ormal operations

Trust ;ut erify operations 4 SB7Groups

Protection( o.ns relays, and direct trips

SCADA, o.ns BC+s and operations

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Select Before 7perate >SB7@

GoalsEliminate single point of failure

Secure selection of command outputs

Resere outputs for se6uence)hy*

S.itching se6uences

Security ;et.een multiple control points

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SB7 State "achine

rotection comman,s can-tuse S$"

Direct trip is not S$"

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SB7 selectionat any leel

:oc8s out

operationfrom all otherleels

Allo.s

remote, localoperations.<o ris8

)ho issues SB7*

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0mplementing SB7

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SB7 Architectures

rotection ownstrippin.

rotection SCADA#ave own trips

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SB7 Architectures

rotection SCADA own t#eir ,evices

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SB7 Architectures - 0EC %?&$

rotection owns trip contact&ac# .roup owns control

mo,el

&ac# .roup owns trip contactcontrol mo,el

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Process Bus

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SB7 and Process Bus

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Recommendations

I,eal Goo, &nou.#

rotectionSCADA #ave

own trips

rotection SCADA own t#eir,evices

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SCADA and protection groups haedierent goals, needs

Good system design accommodates

;othE6uipment control is the interfacepoint

Direct trip s5 SB7

7.nership of e6uipment, roles must;e negotiated

%?&$ complicates this discussion

2inal Thoughts

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 Than8 ou

'uestions*