Post on 04-Apr-2018
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Your Gift From Birth
At birth you are only
giventwo hands
made up of:
2 Thumbs
8 Fingers
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How Important Are Your Hands?
Your hands allow you to perform a variety of tasks that make you a
skilled and valuable worker.
Your hands are an incredibly complex and delicate part of your
body that are very difficult or near impossible to repair.
Without the use of your hands, your WOULD NOT be able to be
employed in mining.
Just imagine the difficulty of life itself you WOULD NOT even be
able to dress yourself, open a door or even pick of up a fork to eat.
What would it be like?3
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Practical Exercise
1. Tuck your thumbs into thepalms of your hands.
2. Now tie your shoe laces.
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Hand Injury
Hand injuries can be associated with:
X Faulty tools
X Broken equipment may be hazardous
X Lack of attention
X Human error
X Incorrect and improper use of tools
X Inadequate risk assessment
X No Job Safety Analysis conducted prior to task
X Lack of training
X No use of PPE
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Why Do Hand Injuries Happen?
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Even when people seem to know of the existence of these
dangers, hand and finger injuries still happen.
People have a mindset about safety.x It wont happen to me!
x I have been doing it that way for years!!
x There isnt a better way.
x It is faster this way.
x I dont need gloves, theyre for girls.
x Peer group pressure!
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Hand Hazards
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Punctures
Extremetemperatures
Cuts
Pinch points
Chemicals
Rotatingequipment
Blood-bornepathogen
Vibratingequipment
Insect bites
Bee stings
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Hand Hazards (Contd...)The following list are some of the hazards associated with our industry:
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Injury Type Examples
Cuts/ Lacerations[on/from sharp objects]
threads, Stanley knives, cutting edges, etc.
Squashing[struck by]
Handling pneumatic tools, hammers,spanners, hydraulic pumps, struck by another
person, struck by falling or movingcomponents
Pinching[caught between]
Between components, stabilising slung parts
Contact with heat or
cold
Hot slag from welding, engine exhausts, tools
in sun, liquid nitrogen
Contact with chemicals Caustic, corrosives such as some coolants,de-fatting occurs when exposed to agentswhich sensitise the skin
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True Story
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Below is an X-Ray of a mechanics right hand. He was
hammering a shipper shaft nut on a hydraulic earthmovingshovel. He was in a man cage at the time and his finger was
caught between the hammer handle and the edge of the cage.
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What is the Key to Prevention?
UNDERSTANDyour task before you start.If you have any doubts, ask questions.
BE AWARE. Recognize the hazards anddangers involved in your job so you can avoidor control them.
THINK for yourself if the procedure for the taskis correct and the best practice.
FEEDBACK to your work mates, friends and
managers your discoveries.
You might just save someone elses finger!
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Be A Visionary!
Ask yourselfWHAT IF?
What will happenIF:
The spanner or the Stanley knife slips?
Is there anything I can hit and cause damage?
Can I cut myself on anything?
Will I slice my mate?
There is something in this hole?
Will my hand become wedged?
Will the machine start up?
There something sharp?
This liquid harmful to my skin or body?
Ask yourselfWhat else can happen?11
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What Can We Do?
Toolbox Meetings
Job Safety Analysis
Hazard Identification & Reporting
Standard Job Procedures Permits to Work
Raise your own level of awareness!
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Pre-Start/Toolbox/Safety Committee Meeting
Raise awareness of hazards by:
Discussing tasks for the day.
Discuss any potential hand hazards.
Ask if anyone knows of any potential hazards.
Encourage investing the time to think through a job.
Ask if anyone identified any hazards during the previousdays at work.
Share information on plans to control hazards withothers in
the group.
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What is a Job Safety Analysis?Definition
A process used to review task methods,identify hazards and develop & specify control
methods to prevent accidents and losses.
It is based on these ideas:
Any job or task can be separated into a
series of relatively easy steps. Potential hazards and risks associated
with each step are identified and evaluated.
Solutions can be developed to control and
eliminate these potential hazards.
Advantages
Good planning tool.
Involves the personnel actually conducting
the task.
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Incorporate Hand Injuries Potential in JSAs
The following are some of the possible outcomes from
conducting routine task without firstly assessing the risk.
Chemicals can cause burns, enter the body via ingestion or
inhalation.
Crushing or Pinching
Cuts and Abrasions
Thermal (Heat, Cold)
Struck by a moving object
Correct Toolingare the appropriate guards in place?
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Is Machine or Tool Guarding Important?
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The grinder did not havea guard on it at the time
of the injury and no PPEwas in use, although
PPE would probably nothave prevented this
injury.
Uponinvestigation itwas discovered
that the grindingwheel was not theright one for the
task beingperformed.
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Unguarded Machinery
X Contact or entanglement with machinery.
X Trapped between machine and material or a fixed structure.
X Being struck by failed parts ejecting from machinery cutting.
X Being struck by projectiles/ materials ejecting frommachinery
X grinding and cutting wheels.
X Other releases of potential energy.
X Ejection of sparks and debris.X Bystanders may be affected by materials and debris exiting
X plant or machinery.
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Machinery Dangers
Parts which move or
transmit power Belts and pulleys
Flywheel & gear wheels
Rotating shafts & spindles
Slides & cams
Chain & sprocket gears
Conveyors
Hydraulic rams
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Parts that do the job
Tools and dies
Various types of blades
Milling cutters
Circular saws
Drills and chucks
Cutting discs
Rollers
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Hazard & Behaviour Identification & Reporting
Incorporate Hand Behaviours and Potential Hand Hazards
in your daily observations.
For example:
Correct use of PPE
Damaged Tools
Correct use of tools
If you see a hazard, fix it if you can, if not report it and
arrange for it to be fixed.
If you see an unsafe behaviour, stop it and discuss it, then
report it (no names, no blame).
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Safe Work Practices with Hand Tools
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Safe Work Practices with Hand Tools
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Safe Work Practices with Hand Tools
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Portable Power Tools
-Disconnect power tools when not in use
and before changing bits, blades and
other -accessories.
-Wear anti-vibration gloves when using
power tools that vibrate excessively.
-Never remove guards.-Ground power tools unless double
insulated.
-Dont wear gloves if they can get caught
on rotating parts.
-Secure work on a bench, dont hold it in
your hand.
Shop Tools
-Use a push stick to cut small pieces.
-Unplug or Lockout tools before changing
blades.
Keep tools sharp.
Never remove guards.
Use a drill press vise when drilling dont
hold parts with your hands.
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Safe Work Practices with Hand Tools
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Bench Grinders
-Dont wear gloves when operating bench
grinders.
-Never remove guards.
-Maintain proper clearances on tool rests
and tongue guards.
-Use vice grips when grinding small parts. Extreme Temperatures
-Use tongs or high-temperature
gloves to handle hot or cold parts
and equipment.
Maintain tool rest
within
1/8 of the wheel
Maintain tongue guard
within
of the wheel
Dont use grinders on aluminum unless the wheel is
specifically intended for use with aluminum!
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Safe Work Practices with Hand Tools
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Bites and Stings
-Use caution when moving debris piles or
equipment which has been sitting for a
long time.
-Dont stick your hands in holes,
crevasses and other secluded places,
including work boots which have beensitting for awhile.
-Avoid areas where insects nests or
congregate (i.e. garbage cans, stagnant
pool of water, uncovered foods and areas
where flowers are blooming).
Sharp Disposal
-Never dispose used razor blades, broken
glass or other sharp objects in regular
trash cans. Keep a metal can specifically
for disposal of sharp objects.
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Safe Work Practices with Hand Tools
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Equipment Handling
-Use tag lines.
Wear leather gloves.
Never place your hand on top of the load
or between the load and a fixed object.
Inspect hooks and chain slings before
use.Never hang load from the hook tip, unless
it is designed for that.
Jewelery
-Remove jewelery before using power
tools or working on machines.
-Keep sleeves buttoned.
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PPE Many Gloves for Different Applications
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Neoprene
PolyvinylAlcohol(PVC)
Wire mesh
PolyvinylChloride (PVC)
NitrileNaturalRubber
LeatherKevlar WeldingCottonAnti-vibration
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Which Glove is Best?Glove Uses
Cotton Light duty material handling and cleanup work
Leather Equipment handling, general construction, heavy
cleanup, welding, moderately hot or cold material
handling
Shock absorbing Operating rotary hammers and other vibrating
equipment.
Kevlar or Wire mesh Work with sheet metal, glass, or heavy cutting
These gloves do notprovide puncture protection.
Rubber, nitrile,neoprene, PVC, PVA
and other synthetics
Chemical gloves must be chosen for the specificchemical being used.
Insulated Extreme high and low temperatures
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Chemical Resistant Glove Materials
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Glove material Generally resistant to:
Viton Chlorinated and aromatic solvents
Butyl rubber Aldehydes, ketones, and esters
Neoprene Solvents, acids, caustics, and alcohols
Natural rubber (Latex) Acids and caustics
Polyvinyl chloride Acids, but not solvents
Consult your Safety Department and Manufacturer data for specific applications!
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How Do Chemicals Get In!
Diffusion of a chemical through a
material on a molecular basis.
Chemical enters through zippers,punctures, or seams.
Chemical causes a change in
the physical properties of the material.
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Not All Chemical Gloves are Created Equal!
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Chemical
Glove Material
ButylRubber
NaturalRubber Neoprene Nitrile
PolyvinylAlcohol
PolyvinylChloride
Benzene
Diesel
Gasoline,unleaded
Kerosene
HydrochloricAcid (37%)
Sulfuric Acid(30-70%)
NotRecommended
Caution(1-4 hours)
Recommended
(>4 hours)
Not
Tested
Recommended
(>8 hours)
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Glove Care
Inspect gloves before use for tears, excessive wear and
punctures.
Store in a clean, dry location.
Discard leather and cloth gloves if they become saturated
with oil or other chemicals.
Leak test chemical gloves by sealing the wrist and filling the
glove with air.
- Use a clean plastic tube or low pressure air line not your mouth!
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Glove Sizing
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Distance Size
2 to 2 6 X Small
2 to 3 7 Small
3 to 3 8 Medium
3 to 4 9 Large
4 to 4 10 X Large
4 to 5 11 XX Large
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Hand Care
Avoid washing your hands with solvents, harsh soaps or
abrasives.
Clean and damage all cuts and abrasions.
Immediately remove and imbedded foreign materials.
Wash immediately after using any chemical even if you
did not detect leakage. Pay attention to skin rashes get an immediate medical
evaluation.
Wear cotton gloves under rubber gloves to reduce
sweating.
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Healthy Handwashing
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Types of Hand Injuries
From careless use of machinery or tools.
Hand & fingers get caught, pinned orcrushed in chains, wheels, rollers orgears. They are punctured torn or cut byspiked or jagged tools and edges thatshear or chop.
Results in cut, fractures, punctures andamputations.
Use shields, guards, gloves or safetylocks; handling knives or tools with care;keeping hands, jewelry and clothing awayfrom moving parts.
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Types of Hand Injuries (Contd)
Result from contact with solvents, acid,cleaning solutions, flammable liquids andother substances that can cause burns orinjure tissue.
Result in dermatitis and burns.
For protection, read the correct labels,
use the right glove or barrier cream &wash hands frequently.
Injuries happen when tasks requirerepeated hand movements for long
periods of time.
Manufacturing, assembling or computerwork may lead to these injuries.
Results in carpal tunnel syndrome.
Change your grip, hand position or
motion. If possible, rotate tasks to givehand a rest.36
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Repetitive Motion
Injuries happen when tasks require repeated hand movements forlong periods of time.
Manufacturing, assembling or computer work may lead to these
injuries.
Results in Carpal Tunnel syndrome.
Change your grip, hand position or motion. If possible, rotatetasks to give hand a rest.
Types of Hand Injuries (Contd)
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First AidCuts/Lacerations
Deep Cut:Apply direct pressure to bleeding cut and
elevate hand above the shoulder.
Small Cut:Clean with soap and warm water. Cover with
sterile bandage.
Burns: Immerse in cool water or run cool water over the
affected area for at least 15 minutes. A burn that is charredor blistered requires medical attention.
Fractures: Keep the hand still and seek medicalassistance.
Amputations: Apply pressure to the injured area
immediately. Preserve amputated part in a clean plasticbag and place into ice water or ice. Do not allow amputatedpart to come in contact with the ice directly.
Sprains: Apply cool compresses to reduce pain and
swelling.38
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Amputations:
Apply pressure to the injured area immediately. Preserve amputated
part in a clean plastic bag and place into ice water or ice. Do not
allow amputated part to come in contact with the ice directly.
Sprains:
Apply cool compresses to reduce pain and swelling.
First Aid
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Hand Exercises
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Basic Safety Rules
Recognize hazards!
Think through each job before you begin. Follow safety rules.
Avoid shortcuts.
If accident happens, seek prompt treatment.
Report injuries to your supervisor.
Healthy hands are built to last a lifetime.
Injuries can last a lifetime, too.Be aware of your hand placement and take
precautions to guard them.
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