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S12282: The Extremes of Life Lesson 2: Thermophiles, Psychrophiles, and Piezophiles

LearningObjectives:

• Summarizethemajorclassesofbiopolymersandtheircomponents,includingDNA,protein,andthemembrane

• Predictthepossibleadaptationsoforganismslivingin“extreme”environments

Writedownsomeexamplesof“extreme”environments:Whatphysicalparametersmaketheseenvironmentsextreme?Whatarethethreedomainsoflife?Classifyorganismsbytheiroptimumgrowthtemperature:Growthtemperature(°C) Classification

37(98.6°F)

45-60(113-140°F)

60-80(113-176°F)

>80(>176°F)

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Belowisaschematicofalipidmolecule.Labelthepartsofthemolecule.

Whatisthehydrophobiceffect?Whataresomeexamplesofprocessescausedbythehydrophobiceffect?Whatisthefunctionofthecellmembrane?Whataresomeadaptationsofhyperthermophileplasmamembranes?

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Whatisthedifferencebetweensaturatedandunsaturatedfattyacids?Whataresomeadaptationsofhyperthermophileplasmamembranes?Matchthelipidwiththetypeoforganismitmostlikelycamefrom.Options:bacterium,hyperthermophile,psychrophile

Lipid Typeoforganism

Whatarethefourmonomers(subunits)ofDNA?Whichpairismorestable?Whatisthecentraldogmaofmolecularbiology?

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Whatareenzymes?Whattypesofnoncovalentinteractionshelpproteinsfold?Whataresomeadaptationsofhyperthermophileproteins?Whataresomeadaptationsofpsychrophileproteins?BelowisafigureofanE.colicell.Labelthepartsofthecell.