The Emerging Role of Teachers: Significance of Media Resources

Ferdinand B. Pitagan, PhDProfessor of Education

University of the PhilippinesCollege of EducationEducational Technology DepartmentEDTECH 101

Review: ET is…..

1) ???1) ???DevelopmentDevelopment

UtilizationUtilization

2) ???2) ???

EvaluationEvaluation

Theory &Practice

3) of ??? and ???

4) for ???

Educational Technology is:

DesignDesignDevelopmentDevelopment

UtilizationUtilization

ManagementManagement

EvaluationEvaluation

Theory &Practice

3) of processes and resources

4) for learning

Then, how can we promote learning?

1) Media (Hardware &

Software)Instr

uctio

nal Desig

nThen, how can we promote learning?

3) Understanding learners (le

arning

psychology)

Human touch

Good contents

Well organized class2) I

nstru

ctional M

ethods

Media

Examples of Media?

Feedback

Schramm’s model – Field of Experience/ Feedback

Teacher Learner

Media

A channel of communication

Implications

Schramm’s model

• Understand communication in instruction

• Understand learner’s current field of experience

• Then choose appropriate media continuum

-Verbal Symbols

-Visual Symbols

-Radio/Recordings/ Still

Pictures

-Motion Picture

-Exhibits

-Field Trips

-Demonstrations

-Dramatic Participation

-Contrived Experiences

-Direct Purposeful Experience

Edgar Dale

Amount of Info.?

Time?

Abstract

Concrete

Iconic

Enactive

Symbolic

Jerome Bruner

Implications

Lower levels of the cone - student as participant; -more time; less information-active learning

Higher levels of the cone-faster, more information;-need more support

Visuals; Actions - help recall and association

Dale’s cone

Role of Media 1) In Teacher-led instruction

- Media as supplemental support

2) In Teacher-independent instruction- ??

3) In Thematic Education- watch video clip (Super Eyes)

4) In Distance education- an example: http://subsite.icu.ac.jp/org/jcai/

5) In Education for Exceptional Students- Next slide

Talking calculator, Talking organizer

Instructional Methods

Instructional Methods

-- the procedures of instruction

?

?

?? ?Kinds of instructional methods???

PresentationDemonstration

DiscussionDrill and Practice

TutorialCooperative learning groups

GamingSimulationDiscovery

Problem Solving

Student- Directed Methods

• Discussion• Cooperative Learning• Gaming• Simulation• Discovery• Problem Solving

Teacher- Directed Methods

• Presentation

• Demonstration

• Drill-and-Practice

• Tutorial

Before deciding methods…

Need to know types of learning

• Concepts are concerned with grouping things into categories. What?• Procedures are concerned with how to do something. How? • Principles are concerned with predictions and explanations. Why?

Presentation (Lecture)

Teacher

Students

Media Selection?

Presentation (Lecture)

Black/whiteboardVideo tape; DVDAudio cassette OHPSlideFilmPrintsVideo conferencingComputerInternet, mobile technologyOthers

Black/whiteboardVideo tape; DVDAudio cassette OHPSlideFilmPrintsVideo conferencingComputerInternet, mobile technologyOthers

objectives objectives

learners learners

resourcesresources

Discussion

Teacher Students

Students Students

Media Selection?

Demonstration

Media Selection?

Simulation

small scale real-life situation

Example: http://www.ecornell.com/about/tours/#

Media Selection?

Emerging Roles of Teachers

Content ExpertInstructional DesignerSelection of Appropriate MediaFacilitatorAssessorCo-LearnerOthers

NEXT MEETING

Interrelationships of learning objectives, instructional methods and resources