Post on 08-Jan-2016
description
RLV Working GroupRLV Working Group
Reusable Launch Vehicles Working GroupPresentation to the COMSTAC
18 May 2007Michael S. Kelly,
Chairman
RLV Working GroupRLV Working GroupAgenda
Commercial Human Space Flight Biomedical Data Collection RF Blackout Study Analysis of the Safety of Human Space Flight
HSF Study Required By Congress Development of HSF Safety Performance Targets X PRIZE
Cup Launch Vehicle Failure Mode Database Personal Spaceflight Federation Update Industry Standard Criteria for Crew and Spaceflight
Participant Orbital Commerce Project NASTAR Barrios Technology
Actions
AST Commercial Human Space Flight Biomedical Data Collection
• Work performed by Wyle Laboratories under contract to Aerospace Corp. and Volpe Center
• Identified in-flight and ground biomedical parameters that will enable characterization of medical and biological effects experienced by the human body during spaceflight
• Identified in-flight and ground biomedical equipment and requirements necessary to monitor, measure and record the recommended parameters identified
• Evaluated options for a biomedical safety database compatible with existing NASA data
• Proposed implementation plan via a collaborative effort between NASA, FAA, and Operators (perhaps represented by the PSF)
• Developed white paper describing value proposition for each stakeholder.
Radio Frequency Blackout During RLV Reentry
RF Blackout: Caused by high electron concentration in plasma sheath surrounding reentering RLVs (108 to 1013 electrons/cm3), which absorbs or attenuates electromagnetic transmitted waves
• Vehicle bow shock compresses and heats the air, resulting in dissociation and ionization of the air. This ionized layer is the reentry plasma sheath, inhibiting communications
A Safety Issue: Future RLVs could remain in attenuated or blackout mode for extended periods, during critical phases of flight
• Communications for telemetry and control degraded
• Navigation and tracking inhibited
Findings from Study – Blackout Mitigation Approaches:
• Passive Methods – Lower cost, less complexity:
• Transmit at higher frequencies ( > P )
• Aerodynamic Shaping: Sharp leading edge or pointed cone ahead of shock wave
• Active Approaches – Added weight, complexity and cost:
• Injection of chemical quenchants
• Droplets that cool the plasma
• Application of magnetic fields
4Title of Presentation (This text must be edited in the Master Slide)
Name or Date
Federal AviationAdministration 4 4Radio Frequency Blackout During RLV Reentry Federal AviationAdministration
5Federal AviationAdministration
COMSTAC RLV Working GroupApril 19, 2007
Development of Human Space Flight Safety Performance Targets
• FAA plans to work with COMSTAC to develop appropriate human space flight safety performance targets for launches and reentries carrying crew or space flight participants– FAA’s current performance target pertains to safety of the
uninvolved public.
• FAA will brief COMSTAC’s RLV Working Group on May 17, 2007 about this initiative.
COMSTAC RLV Working Group May 2007 Federal AviationAdministration 6
Launch Vehicle Failure Mode Database
• Historical Database on ELVs was created using open-source documentation on known failures from 1957 to May 2007• Propulsion anomalies have been and
continue to cause most known failures in ELV launches
• Guidance and navigation have been second leading cause of failure, but have dropped over time
• Software and computing systems are a growing concern - 21% of failures since 1999
• Historical database on failures of rocket-powered aircraft currently being scoped
RLV Working GroupRLV Working GroupPSF Update
Overview of history, purpose of organization Passage of legislation by Virginia enforcing
liability waivers
Training Problems / Solution
• Ill defined
• No standards
• Does not fit other models
• Wrong group tasked
• Industry group
• Take best practices from other industries
• Set guidelines and suggest standards
• Interface with FAA
www.NastarCenter.com
Standard Course Offerings – Participants• 1-day – G Tolerance Prequalification• 2-day – Sub-orbital Launch Training• 3-day – Sub-orbital Launch Training with
Additional Air- or Spaceflight Experience• 1-day – G Refresher / Requalification
The National Aerospace Training and Research Center seeks FAA AST Safety Approval for its space course offerings
Standard Course Offerings – Pilots• G Tolerance• Spatial Disorientation• Upset Recovery• Altitude Physiology• Ejection Seat Egress Procedures
STS-400Space Training Simulator
Cockpit of Simulator
BarriosTechnology
“Where Innovation and Motivation Meet”
BarriosTechnology
“Where Innovation and Motivation Meet”
Recommendations from Barrios Technology - Summary
Passenger Training:– Vehicle Familiarization– Safety– Emergency Procedures– Physiological Effects– What to do and experience
during the flight
Crew and Ground Support Personnel Training:
– Fundamental Operation of vehicle hardware and software
– Nominal operations training– Select number of emergency
procedures that safe the vehicle and the crew
– Cockpit Resource Management (CRM)
Whether government required or industry generated, the extreme conditions and high risk environment of commercial space flight demands standard training with certifiable outcomes for passengers, crew, and ground support personnel.
RLV Working GroupRLV Working GroupActions
RLVWG to submit suggestions for biomedical data collection to AST in four weeks
RLVWG to submit stakeholder suggestions for structure of Human Spaceflight Safety Study to AST in two weeks
Start process of defining Safety Targets, with goal of making recommendations by next COMSTAC
Consider formation of a Training Standards Subcomittee