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Hows Lifein Australia?
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The OECD Better Life Initiative, launched in 2011, focuses on the aspects of life that matter to people andthat shape their quality of life. The Initiative comprises a set of regularly updated well-being indicators andan analysis, published in the Hows Life?reportas well as an interactive web application, the Better LifeIndex. It also includes a number of methodological and research projects to improve the information basetowards a better understanding of well-being trends and their drivers.
The OECD Better Life Initiative:
Helps to inform policy making to improve quality of life.
Connects policies to peoples lives.
Generates support for needed policy measures.
Improves civic engagement by encouraging the public to create their own index and share theirpreferences.
Empowers the public by improving their understanding of policy-making.
This brochure presents selected findings for Australia from the Hows Life? report (pages 3-5) andshows what Australians users of the Better Life Index are telling us about their well-being priorities
(pages 6-7).
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HOWS LIFE?
Hows Life?, published every two years, provides a comprehensive picture ofwell-being in OECD countries and other major economies by bringing togetheran internationally comparable set of well-being indicators. It looks at peoplesmaterial conditions and quality of life across the population in eleven dimensionsincluding: income and wealth; jobs and earnings; housing; health status; work-life balance; education and skills; social connections; civic engagement andgovernance; environmental quality; personal security; and subjective well-being.
The following are findings forAust ral ia based on the set of well-being indicatorsand the analysis found in the Hows Life?report.
HOWS LIFE INAUSTRALIA IN 2014?
Compared with other OECD countries, Brazil and the Russian Federation, Austral iaperforms very well inmany of the 11 dimensions mentioned above that the OECD considers as essential to a good life .Aust ral iaranks at the top in civic engagement and above the average of the 36 countries in environmentalquality, health status, housing, personal security, jobs and earnings, education and skills, subjective well-
being, social connections, and income and wealth, but below average in work-life balance.
Figure 1 - How does Australia compare?Australias well-being compared with other OECD countries and major economies, 2014
Work-lifebalance
Income andwealth
Socialconnections
Subjective well-being
Education andskills
Jobs andearnings
Personalsecurity
Housing Health status Environmentalquality
Civicengagement
andgovernance
20% top performers 60% middle performers 20% bottom performers Australia
Countriesranking(1to36)
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0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20Households where all adult members have a job All households with at least one worker
WELL-BEING DURING THE CRISIS
The average Australian household has generally been spared by the crisis, which in other OECDcountries has been particularly visible when looking at household income, jobs, life satisfaction and civicengagement.
From 2007 to 2011, Australia recorded a cumulative increase in real household disposable income ofaround 9%, one of the largest increases in the OECD, while in the Euro area income dropped on average
by 1% over the same period, with the largest decline occurring in 2011. Market income inequality (beforetaxes and transfers) remained unchanged while it increased by 1.2% on average in the OECD.
In the OECD countries most severely hit by the crisis, the largest impact of the crisis on peoples well-beinghave come through lower employment and deteriorating labour market conditions. The employment ratedecreased by only 0.5 percentage point in Australia while the long-term unemployment rate remainedstable between 2007 and 2012.
In the OECD as a whole, the poor employment situation had a major impact on life satisfaction. Amid afavourable labour market situation, the percentage of Australian people declaring being very satisfied withtheir lives increased from 76% to 77% between 2007 to 2012.
Peoples trust in institutions and in the way democracy works has also declined during the crisis. The
percentage of Aust ral ian people reporting that they trust the government declined from 53% to 46%between 2007 and 2013.
Over the same period, new forms of solidarity and engagementhave emerged in the countries the mostimpacted by the crisis. InAust ral ia, the percentage of people reporting having helped someone and havingvolunteered their time remained stable between 2007 and 2013.
QUALITY OF EMPLOYMENT AND WELL-BEING
From a well-being perspective, what matters is to have a job of good quality. Quality of employmentencompasses many elements, one being that paid work ensure adequate standards of living. In-workpoverty reflects different forms of precarious employment (e.g. low working hours and hourly pay amongfull-time workers, frequent moves between low-paid work and joblessness, etc), and its incidence informsabout quality of employment. In 2010, 4% of Australian people living in households with at least one
worker experienced in-work poverty, while 2% of those living in households with all adult membersemployed were in poverty, both shares being well below the OECD average. Strategies to fight in-workpoverty are at the forefront of the policy agenda in many countries, particularly in the context of theeconomic crisis.
Figure 2In-work poverty in Australia, 2010Poverty based on a threshold set at 50% of median household disposable income
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GENDER DIFFERENCES IN WELL-BEING
Gender gaps in well-being, typically in favour of men, have declined in most OECD countries, including inAust ral ia. Despite these gains, Austral ian women are still less likely than men to have a paid job or beelected to Parliament, and more likely to spend many hours performing household tasks or to feel insecurewhen walking alone at night. A significant share of Australian women also report having experiencedintimate partner violence.
HOW DO MEN AND WOMEN PERFORM IN AUSTRALIA? AND IN THE OECD?
Women and men throughou t their lifetime
Health status
Life expectancy at birth (years) 84 80 83 77
Share of people in good/very good health conditions 85% 85% 67% 72%
Education and skil ls
Tertiary degrees awarded (all fields) 57% 43% 58% 42%
Women and men in paid and unpaid work
Jobs and earnings
Employment rates (tertiary educated individuals) 79% 90% 79% 88%
Wage gap between men and women - +14% - +16%
Share of poor single-adult households - - 37% 30%
Work-Life balance
Number of hours dedicated to household tasks (per week) 36 28 32 21
Women and men in society
Civic Engagement and governance
Share of seats in national parliament 25% - 27% 73%
Personal security
Share of women reporting intimate partner violence 27%
Share of people feeling safe when walking alone at night 51% 78% 61% 79%
Subjective well-being
Levels of life satisfaction on a 0 to 10 scale 7.5 7.2 6.7 6.6
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BETTER LIFE INDEX
The Better Life Index is an interactive web application that invites citizens to compare well-being acrossOECD countries and beyond on the basis of the set of well-being indicators explored in Hows Life? Userschose what weight to give to each of the eleven dimensions shown below and therefore see how countriesperform, based on their own personal priorities in life.
Users can share their index with other people in their networks, as well as with the OECD. This allows us togather valuable information on the importance that users attach to various life dimensions, on how thesepreferences differ across countries, and on the demographic characteristics of users.
Since its launch in May 2011, the Better Life Index has attracted over 3.6 million visits from just aboutevery country on the planet (184) and has received over eight million page views . And over 60,000user-created Better Life Indexes have been shared with the OECD. The following country findings reflectvoluntary submissions to the OECD via www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org. Findings can only be considered as
indicative and are not representative of the population at large.
Life Satisfaction, Health and Education have consistently been the top rated topics overall.
6.76%
8.07%
8.77% 8.93% 8.94%9.08% 9.12%
9.45%9.86%
10.32% 10.34%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
11%
Ranking of well-being topics for all users
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PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS OF WELL-BEING: FINDINGS FOR AUSTRALIA
Work-Life Balance, Health and Life Satisfaction are the threehighest ranked topicsby users based inAustralia.1The following chart compares indexes submitted by users in Australia, the United Kingdom andthe United States.
Australia is currently 6th in number of visits (over 155,900) to the BLI site, up 100% or over 78,200 newvisits since the update to the Index in May 2013. The top cities are Sydney, with over 54,400 visits followed
by Melbourne, (+37,800) and Brisbane (+23,700).
1Preferences for Australia based on 2,382 indexes submitted between May 2011 and March 2014.
6.0%
7.0%
8.0%
9.0%
10.0%
11.0%
12.0%
Ranking for well-being topics in Aust ralia, the United Kingdom and the UnitedStates
United States
United Kingdom
Australia
42% 39%
58% 61%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Australia All users
Gender distribution of usersComparison between
Aust ral ia and al l users
Women Men
6%
37%
21%17%
12%
6%
2%1%
25%
32%
19%
12%7%
3%
0%
5%
10%15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
65
Age distribution for usersComparison between Australia and all
users
Australia Global
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For media requests contact:news.contact@oecd.orgor +33 1 45 24 97 00
For more information contact:bli@oecd.org
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Hows Lifein Austria?
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The OECD Better Life Initiative, launched in 2011, focuses on the aspects of life that matter to people andthat shape their quality of life. The Initiative comprises a set of regularly updated well-being indicators andan analysis, published in the Hows Life?reportas well as an interactive web application, the Better LifeIndex. It also includes a number of methodological and research projects to improve the information basetowards a better understanding of well-being trends and their drivers.
The OECD Better Life Initiative:
Helps to inform policy making to improve quality of life.
Connects policies to peoples lives.
Generates support for needed policy measures.
Improves civic engagement by encouraging the public to create their own index and share theirpreferences.
Empowers the public by improving their understanding of policy-making.
This brochure presents selected findings for Austria from the Hows Life? report (pages 3-5) andshows what Austrianusersof the Better Life Index are telling us about their well-being priorities(pages
6-7).
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HOWS LIFE?
Hows Life?, published every two years, provides a comprehensive picture ofwell-being in OECD countries and other major economies by bringing togetheran internationally comparable set of well-being indicators . It looks at peoplesmaterial conditions and quality of life across the population in eleven dimensionsincluding: income and wealth; jobs and earnings; housing; health status; work-life balance; education and skills; social connections; civic engagement andgovernance; environmental quality; personal security; and subjective well-being.
The following are findings for Aust riabased on the set of well-being indicatorsand the analysis found in the Hows Life?report.
HOWS LIFE IN AUSTRIAIN 2014?
Compared with other OECD countries, Brazil and the Russian Federation,Austria performs well in many ofthe 11 dimensions mentioned above that the OECD considers as essential to a good life. Austria ranksabove the average of the 36 countries in the dimensions of social connections, jobs and earnings,
subjective well-being, income and wealth, personal security, civic engagement, health status,environmental quality, education and skills, and housing, but below average in work-life balance.
Figure 1 - How does Austria compare?Austrias well-being compared with other OECD countries and major economies, 2014
Work-lifebalance
Housing Education andskills
Environmentalquality
Health status Civicengagement
andgovernance
Personalsecurity
Income andwealth
Subjective well-being
Jobs andearnings
Socialconnections
20% top performers 60% middle performers 20% bottom performers Austria
Countriesra
nking(1to36)
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
High exposure tophysical health risk factors
High workpressure
Low level of workautonomy
Unclear and imprecisework goals
Poor managementpractices
Poor relationshipswith colleagues
Facing workplaceintimidation
Workersin%
Share of workers reporting poor working conditions, by type
Share of workers reporting a negative impact on their health, by type of working conditions
WELL-BEING DURING THE CRISIS
The average Austrian householdhas been only marginally affected by the crisis, which in other OECDcountries has been particularly visible when looking at household income, jobs, life satisfaction and civicengagement.
From 2007 to 2011, Austria recorded a cumulative decline in real household disposable income ofaround 1%, as on average in the Euro area over the same period, with the largest decline occurring in
2011. Market income inequality (before taxes and transfers) remained unchanged between 2007 and 2010while it increased by 1.2% on average in the OECD.
In the OECD countries most severely hit by the crisis, the largest impact of the crisis on peoples well-beinghave come through lower employment and deteriorating labour market conditions. In contrast to the generaltrend, the employment rateincreased by 1 percentage point in Austria while the long-term unemploymentrate remained stable between 2007 and 2012.
In the OECD as a whole, the poor employment situation had a major impact on life satisfaction.Conversely, the percentage of Aust rian people declaring being very satisfied with their lives increasedfrom 67% to 77% from 2007 to 2013, while this percentage dropped in the countries most affected by thecrisis.
In the OECD countries most severely hit by the crisis, peoples trust in institutions and in the waydemocracy works has also declined during the crisis. Conversely, the percentage of Aust rian peoplereporting that they trust the government increased from 26% to 42% between 2008 and 2013.
Over the same period, new forms of solidarity and engagement have emerged in the countries mostimpacted by the crisis. In contrast to the general trend, the percentage of people reporting having helpedsomeone and having volunteered their time decreased by 1 and 2 percentage points respectively between2008 and 2013 inAustria.
WELL-BEING IN THE WORKPLACE
People spend most of their daily life at work and work for a significant part of their life. Hence, the kind ofjobs they have matters a great deal for their well-being. Job quality covers many different aspects, fromwork content to control over decisions, to interactions with colleagues, support from managers, as well as
more traditional aspects such as earnings and job security. In 2010, 21% of Austrian workers reportedbeing in a poor working environment, a share slightly above the average in European countries. Low jobquality impairs the physical and mental health of workers.
Figure 2 - Working condit ions and impact on Austrian workers health, 2010
Source: OECD calculations on the European Working Conditions Survey
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GENDER DIFFERENCES IN WELL-BEING
Gender gaps in well-being, typically in favour of men, have declined in most OECD countries, including inAust ria. Despite these gains, Aust rian women are still less likely than men to have a paid job or beelected to Parliament, and more likely to be over-represented among poor households or to feel insecurewhen walking alone at night.
HOW DO MEN AND WOMEN PERFORM IN AUSTRIA? AND IN THE OECD?
Women and men throughou t their lif etime
Health status
Life expectancy at birth (years) 84 78 83 77
Share of people in good/very good health conditions 68% 71% 67% 72%
Education and skil ls
Tertiary degrees awarded (all fields) 53% 47% 58% 42%
Women and men in paid and unpaid work
Jobs and earnings
Employment rates (tertiary educated individuals) 81% 89% 79% 88%
Wage gap between men and women - +19% - +16%
Share of poor single-adult households 39% 23% 37% 30%
Women and men in society
Civic Engagement and governance
Share of seats in national parliament 28% 72% 27% 73%
Personal security
Share of people feeling safe when walking alone at night 75% 90% 61% 79%
Subjective well-being
Levels of life satisfaction on a 0 to 10 scale 7.6 7.4 6.7 6.6
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BETTER LIFE INDEX
The Better Life Index is an interactive web application that invites citizens to compare well-being acrossOECD countries and beyond on the basis of the set of well-being indicators explored in Hows Life? Userschose what weight to give to each of the eleven dimensions shown below and therefore see how countriesperform, based on their own personal priorities in life.
Users can share their index with other people in their networks, as well as with the OECD. This allows us togather valuable information on the importance that users attach to various life dimensions, on how thesepreferences differ across countries, and on the demographic characteristics of users.
Since its launch in May 2011, the Better Life Index has attracted over 3.6 million visits from just aboutevery country on the planet (184) and has received over eight million page views. And over 60,000user-created Better Life Indexes have been shared with the OECD. The following country findings reflectvoluntary submissions to the OECD via www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org. Findings can only be considered as
indicative and are not representative of the population at large.
Life Satisfaction, Health and Education have consistently been the top rated topics overall.
6.76%
8.07%
8.77% 8.93% 8.94%9.08% 9.12%
9.45%9.86%
10.32% 10.34%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
11%
Ranking of well-being topics for all users
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PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS OF WELL-BEING: USER FINDINGS FOR AUSTRIA
Health, Life Satisfaction, Environment are the threehighest ranked topicsfor users based in Austria.2The following chart compares indexes submitted by users in Austria, Germany and the United States.
Austria is currently 17thin number of visits (over 46,900),to the BLI site, up 76% or over 20,257 new visitssince the update to the Index in May 2013. The top cities are Vienna with over 27,800 visits, followed byGraz (+3,500) and Linz (+3,400).
2Preferences for Austria based on 1,381 indexes submitted between May 2011 and March 2014.
6.0%
7.0%
8.0%
9.0%
10.0%
11.0%
12.0%
Ranking for well-being topics in Austr ia, Germany and the United States
United States
Germany
Austria
31%39%
69%61%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Austria All users
Gender distribution of usersComparison between Austria
and all users
Women Men
4%
20%
32%
21%
14%
7%
2%1%
25%
32%
19%
12%
7%
3%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
65
Age distribution for usersComparison between Austria and all users
Austria Global
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For media requests contact:news.contact@oecd.orgor +33 1 45 24 97 00
For more information contact:bli@oecd.org
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Hows Lifein Belgium?
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The OECD Better Life Initiative, launched in 2011, focuses on the aspects of life that matter to people andthat shape their quality of life. The Initiative comprises a set of regularly updated well-being indicators andan analysis, published in the Hows Life?reportas well as an interactive web application, the Better LifeIndex. It also includes a number of methodological and research projects to improve the information basetowards a better understanding of well-being trends and their drivers.
The OECD Better Life Initiative:
Helps to inform policy making to improve quality of life.
Connects policies to peoples lives.
Generates support for needed policy measures.
Improves civic engagement by encouraging the public to create their own index and share theirpreferences.
Empowers the public by improving their understanding of policy-making.
This brochure presents selected findings for Belgium from the Hows Life? report (pages 3-5) andshows what Belgianusersof the Better Life Index are telling us about their well-being priorities(pages
6-7).
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HOWS LIFE?
Hows Life?, published every two years, provides a comprehensive picture ofwell-being in OECD countries and other major economies by bringing togetheran internationally comparable set of well-being indicators . It looks at peoplesmaterial conditions and quality of life across the population in eleven dimensionsincluding: income and wealth; jobs and earnings; housing; health status; work-life balance; education and skills; social connections; civic engagement andgovernance; environmental quality; personal security; and subjective well-being.
The following are findings for Belgiumbased on the set of well-being indicatorsand the analysis found in the Hows Life?report.
HOWS LIFE IN BELGIUMIN 2014?
Compared with other OECD countries, Brazil and the Russian Federation, Belgiumperforms well in manyof the 11 dimensions mentioned above that the OECD considers as essential to a good life . Belgium ranksabove the average of the 36 countries in the dimensions of work-life balance, income and wealth, housing,civic engagement, education and skills, subjective well-being, health status, jobs and earnings, and social
connections, but below average in environmental quality, and personal security.
Figure 1 - How does Belgium compare?Belgiums well-being compared with other OECD countries and major economies, 2014
Personalsecurity
Environmentalquality
Socialconnections
Jobs andearnings
Health status Subjective well-being
Education andskills
Civicengagement
andgovernance
Housing Income andwealth
Work-lifebalance
20% top performers 60% middle performers 20% bottom performers Belgium
Countriesranking(1to36)
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
High exposure to physical healthrisk factors
High workpressure
Low level of workautonomy
Unclear and imprecisework goals
Poor managementpractices
Poor relationshipswith colleagues
Facing workplaceintimidation
Wo
rkersin%
Working conditions Share of workers with poor working conditions who report negative impact on health
WELL-BEING DURING THE CRISIS
The average Belgian householdhas been modestly affected by the crisis, which in the OECD has beenparticularly visible when looking at household income, life satisfaction and civic engagement.
Since the start of the crisis,real household disposable incomeremained stable in Belgium from 2007 to2011 while in the Euro area, income dropped by 1% over the same period, with the largest declineoccurring in 2011. However, market income inequality (before taxes and transfers) increased by 1%
between 2007 and 2010, in line with the OECD average of 1.2%.
In OECD countries severely hit by the crisis, the largest impact of the crisis on peoples well-being havecome through lower employment and deteriorating labour market conditions. In contrast to this generaltrend, the employment rateand the long-term unemployment rate remained stable in Belgium between2007 and 2012.
The poor employment situation had a major impact on life satisfaction in countries most affected by thecrisis. In Belgium, the percentage of people declaring being very satisfied with their lives fell from 78% to73% from 2007 to 2013 despite sustained employment conditions.
Peoples trust in institutions and in the way democracy works has also declined during the crisis. Thepercentage of Belgian people reporting that they trust the government decreased from 60% to 55%
between 2007 and 2013.
Over the same period, however, new forms of sol idarity and engagementhave emerged in the countriesthe most impacted by the crisis. However, this trend is less clear cut in Belgium. The percentage of peoplereporting having helped someone increased by 5 percentage point while the share of people reportinghaving volunteered their time decreased by 5 percentage points between 2007 and 2013.
WELL-BEING IN THE WORKPLACE
People spend most of their daily life at work and work for a significant part of their life. Hence, the kind ofjobs they have matters a great deal for their well-being. Job quality covers many different aspects, fromwork content to control over decisions, to interactions with colleagues, support from managers, as well asmore traditional aspects such as earnings and job security. In 2010, 21% of Belgian workers reportedbeing in a poor working environment, a share slightly above the average in European countries. Low job
quality impairs the physical and mental health of workers.
Figure 2 - Working conditions and impact on Belgian workers health, 2010
Source: OECD calculations on the European Working Conditions Survey
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GENDER DIFFERENCES IN WELL-BEING
Gender gaps in well-being, typically in favour of men, have declined in most OECD countries including inBelgium. Compared to men, Belgian womenare less likely to have a paid job or be elected in Parliament,and more likely to spend many hours performing household tasks or to feel insecure when walking alone atnight.
HOW DO MEN AND WOMEN PERFORM IN BELGIUM? AND IN THE OECD?
Women and men throughou t their lif etime
Health status
Life expectancy at birth (years) 83 78 83 77
Share of people in good/very good health conditions 72% 76% 67% 72%
Education and skil ls
Tertiary degrees awarded (all fields) 55% 45% 58% 42%
Women and men in paid and unpaid work
Jobs and earnings
Employment rates (tertiary educated individuals) 82% 87% 79% 88%
Wage gap between men and women - 9% - +16%
Share of poor single-adult households 44% 31% 37% 30%
Work-Life balance
Number of hours dedicated to household tasks (per week) 29 23 32 21
Women and men in society
Civic Engagement and governance
Share of seats in national parliament 38% 62% 27% 73%
Personal security
Share of people feeling safe when walking alone at night 58% 75% 61% 79%
Subjective well-being
Levels of life satisfaction on a 0 to 10 scale 7.1 7.1 6.7 6.6
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BETTER LIFE INDEX
The Better Life Index is an interactive web application that invites citizens to compare well-being acrossOECD countries and beyond on the basis of the set of well-being indicators explored in Hows Life? Userschose what weight to give to each of the eleven dimensions shown below and therefore see how countriesperform, based on their own personal priorities in life.
Users can share their index with other people in their networks, as well as with the OECD. This allows us togather valuable information on the importance that users attach to various life dimensions, on how thesepreferences differ across countries, and on the demographic characteristics of users.
Since its launch in May 2011, the Better Life Index has attracted over 3.6 million visits from just aboutevery country on the planet (184) and has received over eight million page views . And over 60,000user-created Better Life Indexes have been shared with the OECD. The following country findings reflectvoluntary submissions to the OECD via www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org. Findings can only be considered as
indicative and are not representative of the population at large.
Life Satisfaction, Health and Education have consistently been the top rated topics overall.
6.76%
8.07%
8.77% 8.93% 8.94%9.08% 9.12%
9.45%9.86%
10.32% 10.34%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
11%
Ranking of well-being topics for all users
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PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS OF WELL-BEING: FINDINGS FOR BELGIUM
Health, Life Satisfaction and Education are the threehighest ranked topicsby users based in Belgium.3The following chart compares indexes submitted by users in Belgium, France and the United States.
Belgium is currently 15th in number of visits (over 54,800) to the BLI site, up 88% or over 25,600 new visitssince the update to the Index in May 2013. The top cites are Brussels with over 17,800 visits followed byGhent (+3,700) and Antwerp (+3,400),
3Preferences for Belgium based on 1,198 indexes submitted between May 2011 and March 2014.
6.0%
7.0%
8.0%
9.0%
10.0%
11.0%
12.0%Ranking for well-being topics in Belgium, France and the United States
United States
France
Belgium
37% 39%
63% 61%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Belgium All users
Gender distribution of usersComparison between Belgium
and all users
Women Men
1%
24%
28%
20%
15%
8%
4%1%
25%
32%
19%
12%
7%
3%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
65
Age dist ribution for usersComparison between Belgium and all users
Belgium Global
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For more information contact:bli@oecd.org
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Hows Lifein Brazil?
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The OECD Better Life Initiative, launched in 2011, focuses on the aspects of life that matter to people andthat shape their quality of life. The Initiative comprises a set of regularly updated well-being indicators andan analysis, published in the Hows Life?reportas well as an interactive web application, the Better LifeIndex. It also includes a number of methodological and research projects to improve the information base
towards a better understanding of well-being trends and their drivers.
The OECD Better Life Initiative:
Helps to inform policy making to improve quality of life.
Connects policies to peoples lives.
Generates support for needed policy measures.
Improves civic engagement by encouraging the public to create their own index and share theirpreferences.
Empowers the public by improving their understanding of policy-making.
This brochure presents selected findings for Brazil from the Hows Life?report(pages 3-4) and shows
what Brazilianusersof the Better Life Index are telling us about their well-being priorities(pages 5-6).
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HOWS LIFE?
Hows Life?, published every two years, provides a comprehensive picture ofwell-being in OECD countries and other major economies by bringing togetheran internationally comparable set of well-being indicators . It looks at peoplesmaterial conditions and quality of life across the population in eleven dimensionsincluding: income and wealth; jobs and earnings; housing; health status; work-life balance; education and skills; social connections; civic engagement andgovernance; environmental quality; personal security; and subjective well-being.
The following are findings for Brazil based on the set of well-being indicatorsand the analysis found in the Hows Life?report.
HOWS LIFE IN BRAZIL IN 2014?
Compared with other OECD countries and the Russian Federation, Brazilperforms well in only a few of the11 dimensions mentioned above that the OECD considers as essential to a good life. Brazil ranks abovethe average of the 36 countries in the dimensions of subjective well-being, work-life balance, and socialconnections, but below average in the dimensions of civic engagement, housing, jobs and earnings(estimated), environmental quality, health status, personal security, education and skills, and income and
wealth (estimated).
Figure 1 - How does Brazil compare?Brazils well-being compared with other OECD countries and major economies, 2014
Note: For details on estimated values, please refer to the BLI FAQ pageand the BLI database
Income andwealth
Education andskills
Personalsecurity
Health status Environmentalquality
Jobs andearnings
Housing Civicengagement
andgovernance
Socialconnections
Work-lifebalance
Subjective well-being
20% top performers 60% middle performers 20% bottom performers Brazil
Countriesranking(1to36)
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WELL-BEING DURING THE CRISIS
The average Brazilian householdhas been affected by the crisis very modestly, which in OECD countrieshas been particularly visible when looking at household income, jobs, life satisfaction and civicengagement.
In the OECD countries most severely hit by the crisis, the largest impact of the crisis on peoples well-beinghave come through lower employment and deteriorating labour market conditions. In contrast to the general
trend, the employment ratedecreased only by 0.5 percentage points in Brazil between 2007 and 2011.
In the OECD as a whole, the poor employment situation had a major impact on life satisfaction. In contrastto the general trend, the percentage of Brazilian people declaring being very satisfied with their livesincreased from 47% to 68% from 2007 to 2013, one of the highest increases in the OECD and majoreconomies.
In the OECD countries most severely hit by the crisis, peoples trust in institutions and in the waydemocracy works has also declined during the crisis. Contrary to this trend, the percentage of Brazilianpeople reporting that they trust the government increased from 38% to 45% between 2007 and 2013.
Over the same period, new forms of sol idarity and engagementhave emerged in the countries the mostimpacted by the crisis. In Brazil, by contrary, the percentage of people reporting having helped someone
and having volunteered their time decreased by 10 and 4 percentage points, respectively, between 2007and 2013.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN WELL-BEING
Gender gaps in well-being, typically in favour of men, have declined in most OECD countries. In Brazil,womenare still less likely than men to have a paid job or be elected to Parliament, and more likely feelinsecure when walking alone at night. A significant proportion of Brazilian women also report havingexperienced various forms of intimate partner violence.
HOW DO MEN AND WOMEN PERFORM IN BRAZIL? AND IN THE OECD?
Women and men throughou t their lif etime
Health status
Life expectancy at birth (years) 77 70 83 77
Women and men in paid and unpaid work
Jobs and earnings
Employment rates (tertiary educated individuals) 81% 91% 79% 88%
Women and men in society
Civic Engagement and governance
Share of seats in national parliament 9% 91% 27% 73%
Personal security
Share of women reporting intimate partner violence* 37% - - -Share of people feeling safe when walking alone at night 40% 57% 61% 79%
Subjective well-being
Levels of life satisfaction on a 0 to 10 scale 7.2 7.2 6.7 6.6
*This percentage includes physical, sexual and emotional or psychological violence
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BETTER LIFE INDEX
The Better Life Index is an interactive web application that invites citizens to compare well-being acrossOECD countries and beyond on the basis of the set of well-being indicators explored in Hows Life? Userschose what weight to give to each of the eleven dimensions shown below and therefore see how countriesperform, based on their own personal priorities in life.
Users can share their index with other people in their networks, as well as with the OECD. This allows us togather valuable information on the importance that users attach to various life dimensions, on how thesepreferences differ across countries, and on the demographic characteristics of users.
Since its launch in May 2011, the Better Life Index has attracted over 3.6 million visits from just aboutevery country on the planet (184) and has received over eight million page views . And over 60,000user-created Better Life Indexes have been shared with the OECD. The following country findings reflectvoluntary submissions to the OECD via www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org. Findings can only be considered as
indicative and are not representative of the population at large.
Life Satisfaction, Health and Education have consistently been the top rated topics overall.
6.76%
8.07%
8.77% 8.93% 8.94%9.08% 9.12%
9.45%9.86%
10.32% 10.34%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
11%
Ranking of well-being topics for all users
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0%
21%
43%
20%
11%4% 2%1%
25%32%
19%
12%7%
3%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
65
Age dist ribution for usersComparison between Brazil and all users
Brazil Global
PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS OF WELL-BEING: FINDINGS FOR BRAZIL
Education, Life Satisfaction and Health are the threehighest ranked topicsby users based in Brazil.4The following chart compares indexes submitted by users in Brazil, Mexico and the United States.
Brazil is currently 32nd in number of visits (over 29,200) to the BLI site, up 97% or over 14,000 new visitssince the update to the Index in May 2013. The top cities are Sao Paulo with over 8,500 visits followed byRio de Janeiro (+3,800) and Bello Horizonte (+1,800).
4Preferences for Brazil based on 635 indexes submitted between May 2011 and March 2014.
6.0%
7.0%
8.0%
9.0%
10.0%
11.0%
12.0%
Ranking for well-being topics in Brazil, Mexico and the United States
United States
Mexico
Brazil
34% 39%
66% 61%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Brazil All users
Gender distribution of usersComparison between Brazil
and all users
Women Men
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For media requests contact:news.contact@oecd.orgor +33 1 45 24 97 00
For more information contact:bli@oecd.org
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Hows Lifein Canada?
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The OECD Better Life Initiative, launched in 2011, focuses on the aspects of life that matter to people andthat shape their quality of life. The Initiative comprises a set of regularly updated well-being indicators andan analysis, published in the Hows Life?reportas well as an interactive web application, the Better LifeIndex. It also includes a number of methodological and research projects to improve the information basetowards a better understanding of well-being trends and their drivers.
The OECD Better Life Initiative:
Helps to inform policy making to improve quality of life.
Connects policies to peoples lives.
Generates support for needed policy measures.
Improves civic engagement by encouraging the public to create their own index and share theirpreferences.
Empowers the public by improving their understanding of policy-making.
This brochure presents selected findings for Canada from the Hows Life? report (pages 3-5) andshows what Canadian users of the Better Life Index are telling us about their well-being priorities
(pages 6-7).
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HOWS LIFE?
Hows Life?, published every two years, provides a comprehensive picture ofwell-being in OECD countries and other major economies by bringing togetheran internationally comparable set of well-being indicators . It looks at peoplesmaterial conditions and quality of life across the population in eleven dimensionsincluding: income and wealth; jobs and earnings; housing; health status; work-life balance; education and skills; social connections; civic engagement andgovernance; environmental quality; personal security; and subjective well-being.
The following are findings for Canadabased on the set of well-being indicatorsand the analysis found in the Hows Life?report.
HOWS LIFE IN CANADA IN 2014?
Compared with other OECD countries, Brazil and the Russian Federation, Canadaperforms very well inmany of the 11 dimensions mentioned above that the OECD considers as essential to a good life. Canadaranks above the average of the 36 countries in the dimensions of housing, subjective well-being, personalsecurity, health status, income and wealth, social connections, environmental quality, jobs and earnings,education and skills, and civic engagement, and below average in work-life balance.
Figure 1 - How does Canada compare?Canadas well-being compared with other OECD countries and major economies, 2014
Work-lifebalance
Civicengagement
andgovernance
Education andskills
Jobs andearnings
Environmentalquality
Socialconnections
Income andwealth
Health status Personalsecurity
Subjective well-being
Housing
20% top performers 60% middle performers 20% bottom performers Canada
Countriesranking(1to36)
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0
2
4
6
8
1012
14
16
18
20Households where all adult members have a job All households with at least one worker
WELL-BEING DURING THE CRISIS
The average Canadian household has been modestly affected by the crisis, with impacts that areparticularly visible when looking at household income, jobs, life satisfaction and civic engagement.
Since the start of the crisis, Canada recorded a cumulative increase in real household disposable incomeof around 5% from 2007 to 2010 while in the Euro area, income dropped on average by 1% between 2007and 2011, with the largest decline occurring in 2011 for the Euro area. However, market income inequality
(before taxes and transfers) increased by 1%, in line with the OECD average increase of 1.2%.
In the OECD countries most severely hit by the crisis, the largest impact of the crisis on peoples well-beinghave come through lower employment and deteriorating labour market conditions. The employment ratedecreased by 1 percentage point in Canada while the long-term unemployment rate increased by 0.5percentage point between 2007 and 2012.
In the OECD as a whole, the poor employment situation had a major impact on life satisfaction. Conversely,the percentage of Canadian people declaring being very satisfied with their lives increased from 78% to80% between 2007 and 2013.
Peoples trust in institutions and in the way democracy works has also declined during the crisis. Thepercentage of Canadian people reporting that they trust the government fell from 64% to 51% between2007 and 2013.
Over the same period, new forms of sol idarity and engagementhave emerged in the countries the mostimpacted by the crisis. In Canada, the percentage of people reporting having helped someone and havingvolunteered their time increased by 3 and 4 percentage points, respectively, between 2007 and 2013,.
QUALITY OF EMPLOYMENT AND WELL-BEING
From a well-being perspective, what matters is to have a job of good quality. Quality of employmentencompasses many elements, one being that paid work ensure adequate standards of living. In-workpoverty reflects different forms of precarious employment (e.g. low working hours and hourly pay amongfull-time workers, frequent moves between low-paid work and joblessness, etc), and its incidence informsabout quality of employment. In 2010, 9% of Canadian people living in households with at least oneworker experienced in-work poverty, while 7% of those living in households with all adult members
employed were in poverty, both shares being slightly above the OECD average. Strategies to fight in-work poverty are at the forefront of the policy agenda in many countries, particularly in the context of theeconomic crisis.
Figure 2 - Quality of employment and in-work poverty in Canada, 2010Poverty based on a threshold set at 50% of median household disposable income
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GENDER DIFFERENCES IN WELL-BEING
Gender gaps in well-being, typically in favour of men, have declined in most OECD countries, including inCanada. Despite these gains, Canadian women are still less likely than men to have a paid job or beelected to Parliament, and more likely to spend many hours performing household tasks or to feel insecurewhen walking alone at night. A small share of Canadian women report having experienced intimate partnerviolence.
HOW DO MEN AND WOMEN PERFORM IN CANADA? AND IN THE OECD?
Women and men throughou t their lif etime
Health status
Life expectancy at birth (years) 83 79 83 77
Share of people in good/very good health conditions 88% 89% 67% 72%
Education and skil ls
Tertiary degrees awarded (all fields) 60% 40% 58% 42%
Women and men in paid and unpaid work
Jobs and earnings
Employment rates (tertiary educated individuals) 79% 85% 79% 88%
Wage gap between men and women - +19% - +16%
Share of poor single-adult households - - 37% 30%
Work-Life balance
Number of hours dedicated to household tasks (per week) 35 20 32 21
Women and men in society
Civic Engagement and governance
Share of seats in national parliament 25% 75% 27% 73%
Personal security
Share of women reporting intimate partner violence 6% - - -
Share of people feeling safe when walking alone at night 77% 91% 61% 79%
Subjective well-being
Levels of life satisfaction on a 0 to 10 scale 7.6 7.6 6.7 6.6
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BETTER LIFE INDEX
The Better Life Index is an interactive web application that invites citizens to compare well-being acrossOECD countries and beyond on the basis of the set of well-being indicators explored in Hows Life? Userschose what weight to give to each of the eleven dimensions shown below and therefore see how countriesperform, based on their own personal priorities in life.
Users can share their index with other people in their networks, as well as with the OECD. This allows us togather valuable information on the importance that users attach to various life dimensions, on how thesepreferences differ across countries, and on the demographic characteristics of users.
Since its launch in May 2011, the Better Life Index has attracted over 3.6 million visits from just aboutevery country on the planet (184) and has received over eight million page views . And over 60,000user-created Better Life Indexes have been shared with the OECD. The following country findings reflectvoluntary submissions to the OECD via www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org. Findings can only be considered as
indicative and are not representative of the population at large.
Life Satisfaction, Health and Education have consistently been the top rated topics overall.
6.76%
8.07%
8.77% 8.93% 8.94%9.08% 9.12%
9.45%9.86%
10.32% 10.34%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
11%
Ranking of well-being topics for all users
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PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS OF WELL-BEING: FINDINGS FOR CANADA
Health, Life Satisfaction and Education are the threehighest ranked topicsby users based in Canada.5The following chart compares indexes submitted by users in Canada, the United Kingdom and the UnitedStates.
Canada is currently 4th in number of visits (over 235,200) to the BLI site, up 97% or over 115,800 newvisits since the update to the Index in May 2013. The top cities are Toronto with over 37,800 visits followedby Montreal (+25,100) and Ottawa (+15,500).
5Preferences for Canada based on 3,358 indexes submitted between May 2011 and March 2014.
6.0%
7.0%
8.0%
9.0%
10.0%
11.0%
12.0%
Ranking for well-being topics in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United
States
United States
United Kingdom
Canada
40% 39%
60% 61%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Canada All users
Gender distribution of usersComparison between Canada
and all users
Women Men
4%
22% 23%19%
15%
11%
5%
1%
25%
32%
19%
12%
7%
3%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
65
Age dist ribution for usersComparison between Canada and all users
Canada Global
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For media requests contact:news.contact@oecd.orgor +33 1 45 24 97 00
For more information contact:bli@oecd.org
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Hows Lifein Chile?
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The OECD Better Life Initiative, launched in 2011, focuses on the aspects of life that matter to people andthat shape their quality of life. The Initiative comprises a set of regularly updated well-being indicators andan analysis, published in the Hows Life?reportas well as an interactive web application, the Better LifeIndex. It also includes a number of methodological and research projects to improve the information basetowards a better understanding of well-being trends and their drivers.
The OECD Better Life Initiative:
Helps to inform policy making to improve quality of life.
Connects policies to peoples lives.
Generates support for needed policy measures.
Improves civic engagement by encouraging the public to create their own index and share theirpreferences.
Empowers the public by improving their understanding of policy-making.
This brochure presents selected findings for Chile from the Hows Life?report(pages 3-5) and showswhat Chileansusersof the Better Life Index are telling us about their well-being priorities(pages 6-7).
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HOWS LIFE?
Hows Life?, published every two years, provides a comprehensive picture ofwell-being in OECD countries and other major economies by bringing togetheran internationally comparable set of well-being indicators. It looks at peoplesmaterial conditions and quality of life across the population in eleven dimensionsincluding: income and wealth; jobs and earnings; housing; health status; work-life balance; education and skills; social connections; civic engagement andgovernance; environmental quality; personal security; and subjective well-being.
The following are findings for Chilebased on the set of well-being indicators andthe analysis found in the Hows Life?report.
HOWS LIFE IN CHILE IN 2014?
Compared with other OECD countries, Brazil and the Russian Federation, Chileperforms well in only a fewof the 11 dimensions mentioned above that the OECD considers as essential to a good life. Chile ranksclose to the average of the 36 countries in the dimension of subjective well-being, and ranks below theaverage in civic engagement, health status, jobs and earnings, social connections, work-life balance,housing, income and wealth, personal security, education and skills, and environmental quality.
Figure 1 - How does Chile compare?Chiles well-being compared with other OECD countries and major economies, 2014
Environmentalquality
Education andskills
Personalsecurity
Income andwealth
Housing Work-lifebalance
Socialconnections
Jobs andearnings
Health status Civicengagement
andgovernance
Subjective well-being
20% top performers 60% middle performers 20% bottom performers Chile
Countriesranking(1to36)
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0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20Households where all adult members have a job All households with at least one worker
WELL-BEING DURING THE CRISIS
The average Chilean householdhas been modestly affected by the crisis, which in other OECD countrieshas been particularly visible when looking at household income, jobs, life satisfaction and civicengagement.
From 2007 to 2011, the OECD area recorded a cumulative increase in real household disposable incomeof around 2%, while no data is available for Chile. In the country, however, market income inequality
(before taxes and transfers) remained unchanged while it increased by 1.2% on average in the OECD.
In the OECD countries most severely hit by the crisis, the largest impact of the crisis on peoples well-beinghave come through lower employment and deteriorating labour market conditions. In contrast to the generaltrend, the employment rate increased by almost 6 percentage points in Chile between 2007 and 2012,one of the highest increase in the OECD.
In the OECD as a whole, the poor employment situation had a major impact on life satisfaction. Amid afavourable labour market situation, the percentage of Chilean people declaring being very satisfied withtheir lives increased from 42% to 55% from 2007 to 2012.
In the OECD countries most severely hit by the crisis, peoples trust in institutions and in the waydemocracy works has also declined during the crisis. This decline extended to Chile where the percentage
of Chilean people reporting that they trust the government fell from 43% to 34% between 2007 and 2012.
Over the same period, new forms of sol idarity and engagementhave emerged in the countries the mostimpacted by the crisis. In contrast to this trend, the percentage of Chilean people reporting having helpedsomeone and having volunteered their time decreased by 7 and 1 percentage points, respectively,between 2007 and 2012.
QUALITY OF EMPLOYMENT AND WELL-BEING
From a well-being perspective, what matters is to have a job of good quality. Quality of employmentencompasses many elements, one being that paid work ensure adequate standards of living. In-workpoverty reflects different forms of precarious employment (e.g. low working hours and hourly pay amongfull-time workers, frequent moves between low-paid work and joblessness, etc), and its incidence informsabout quality of employment. In 2010, 15% of Chilean people households with at least one worker
experienced in-work poverty, while 7% of those living in households with all adult membersemployed were in poverty. Strategies to fight in-work poverty are at the forefront of the policy agenda inmany countries, particularly in the context of the economic crisis.
Figure 2 - In-work poverty in Chi le, 2010Poverty based on a threshold set at 50% of median household disposable income
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GENDER DIFFERENCES IN WELL-BEING
Gender gaps in well-being, typically in favour of men, have declined in most OECD countries, including inChile. Despite these gains, Chilean womenare still less likely than men to have a paid job or be elected toParliament, and more likely to feel insecure when walking alone at night. A significant proportion of Chileanwomen also report having experienced various forms of intimate partner violence.
HOW DO MEN AND WOMEN PERFORM IN CHILE? AND IN THE OECD?
Women and men throughou t their lif etime
Health status
Life expectancy at birth (years) 81 76 83 77
Share of people in good/very good health conditions 51% 67% 67% 72%
Education and skil ls
Tertiary degrees awarded (all fields) 57% 43% 58% 42%
Women and men in paid and unpaid work
Jobs and earnings
Employment rates (tertiary educated individuals) 71% 87% 79% 88%
Wage gap between men and women - +9% - +16%Share of poor single-adult households 24% 52% 37% 30%
Women and men in society
Civic Engagement and governance
Share of seats in national parliament 14% 86% 27% 73%
Personal security
Share of women reporting intimate partner violence* 36% - - -
Share of people feeling safe when walking alone at night 49% 60% 61% 79%
Subjective well-being
Levels of life satisfaction on a 0 to 10 scale 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.6
*This percentage includes physical, sexual and emotional or psychological violence
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BETTER LIFE INDEX
The Better Life Index is an interactive web application that invites citizens to compare well-being acrossOECD countries and beyond on the basis of the set of well-being indicators explored in Hows Life? Userschose what weight to give to each of the eleven dimensions shown below and therefore see how countriesperform, based on their own personal priorities in life.
Users can share their index with other people in their networks, as well as with the OECD. This allows us togather valuable information on the importance that users attach to various life dimensions, on how thesepreferences differ across countries, and on the demographic characteristics of users.
Since its launch in May 2011, the Better Life Index has attracted over 3.6 million visits from just aboutevery country on the planet (184) and has received over eight million page views . And over 60,000user-created Better Life Indexes have been shared with the OECD. The following country findings reflectvoluntary submissions to the OECD via www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org. Findings can only be considered as
indicative and are not representative of the population at large.
Life Satisfaction, Health and Education have consistently been the top rated topics overall.
6.76%
8.07%
8.77% 8.93% 8.94%9.08% 9.12%
9.45%9.86%
10.32% 10.34%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
11%
Ranking of well-being topics for all users
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1%
20%
41%
20%
10%7%
2%1%
25%
32%
19%
12%
7% 3%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
65
Age dist ribution for usersComparison between Chile and all users
Chile Global
PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS OF WELL-BEING: FINDINGS FOR CHILE
Education, Health and Life Satisfaction are the threehighest ranked topicsby users based in Chile.6Thefollowing chart compares indexes submitted by users in Chile, Mexico and the United States.
Chile is currently 21st in number of visits (over 39,900) to the BLI site, up 130% or over 22,600 new visitssince the update to the Index in May 2013. The top cities are Santiago with over 29,700 visits followed byValparaso (+2,300) and Concepcin (+2,100).
6Preferences for Chile based on 527 indexes submitted between May 2011 and March 2014.
6.0%
7.0%
8.0%
9.0%
10.0%
11.0%
12.0%
Ranking for well-being topics in Chile, Mexico and the United States
United States
Mexico
Chile
32% 39%
68% 61%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Chile All users
Gender distribution of usersComparison between Chile
and all users
Women Men
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For media requests contact:news.contact@oecd.orgor +33 1 45 24 97 00
For more information contact:bli@oecd.org
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Hows Life
in the CzechRepublic?
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The OECD Better Life Initiative, launched in 2011, focuses on the aspects of life that matter to people andthat shape their quality of life. The Initiative comprises a set of regularly updated well-being indicators andan analysis, published in the Hows Life?reportas well as an interactive web application, the Better LifeIndex. It also includes a number of methodological and research projects to improve the information basetowards a better understanding of well-being trends and their drivers.
The OECD Better Life Initiative:
Helps to inform policy making to improve quality of life.
Connects policies to peoples lives.
Generates support for needed policy measures.
Improves civic engagement by encouraging the public to create their own index and share theirpreferences.
Empowers the public by improving their understanding of policy-making.
This brochure presents selected findings for the Czech Republic from the Hows Life?report (pages3-5) and shows what Czech Republic usersof the Better Life Index are telling us about their well-being
priorities(pages 6-7).
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HOWS LIFE?
Hows Life?, published every two years, provides a comprehensive picture of well-being in OECD countries and other major economies by bringing together aninternationally comparable set of well-being indicators. It looks at peoples materialconditions and quality of life across the population in eleven dimensions including:income and wealth; jobs and earnings; housing; health status; work-life balance;
education and skills; social connections; civic engagement and governance;environmental quality; personal security; and subjective well-being.
The following are findings for theCzech Republicbased on the set of well-beingindicators and the analysis found in the Hows Life?report.
HOWS LIFE IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC IN 2014?
Compared with other OECD countries, Brazil and the Russian Federation, theCzech Republicperformswell in some of the 11 dimensions mentioned above that the OECD considers as essential to a good life.TheCzech Republicranks above the average of the 36 countries in the dimensions of personal security,education and skills, work-life balance, environmental quality, and subjective well-being, but below average
in jobs and earnings, housing, health status, income and wealth, social connections, and civic engagement.
Figure 1 - How does the Czech Republic compare?The Czech Republics well-being compared with other OECD countries and major economies, 2014
Civicengagement
andgovernance
Socialconnections
Income andwealth
Health status Housing Jobs andearnings
Subjective well-being
Environmentalquality
Work-lifebalance
Education andskills
Personalsecurity
20% top performers 60% middle performers 20% bottom performers The Czech Republic
Countriesranking(1to36)
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
High exposure tophysical health
risk factors
High workpressure
Low level of workautonomy
Unclear andimprecisework goals
Poor managementpractices
Poor relationshipswith colleagues
Facing workplaceintimidation
Workersin%
Share of workers reporting poor working conditions, by type
Share of workers reporting a negative impact on their health, by type of working conditions
WELL-BEING DURING THE CRISIS
The average Czech Republic householdhas been affected by the crisis very modestly. In other OECDcountries, the impact of the crisis has been particularly visible when looking at household income, jobs, lifesatisfaction and civic engagement.
From 2007 to 2011, theCzech Republic recorded a cumulative increase in real household disposableincomeof around 3%, while in the Euro area, income dropped on average by 1% over the same period,
with the largest decline occurring in 2011. Market income inequality (before taxes and transfers) remainedstable between 2007 and 2010, while it increased by 1.2% in the OECD on average.
The largest impact of the crisis on peoples well -being have come through lower employment anddeteriorating labour market conditions. In contrast to the general trend, the employment rateand the long-term unemployment rate remained stable in theCzech Republicbetween 2007 and 2012.
The poor employment situation had a major impact on life satisfaction. In contrast to the general trend,the percentage of people from the Czech Republicdeclaring being very satisfied with their lives increasedfrom 55% to 61% between 2007 and 2013.
Peoples trust in institutions and in the way democracy works has also declined during the crisis. Thepercentage of people from the Czech Republic reporting that they trust the government fell from 27% to
24% between 2007 and 2013.
Over the same period, however, new forms of sol idarity and engagementhave emerged. Conversely, intheCzech Republic, the percentage of people reporting having helped someone and having volunteeredtheir time decreased by 6 and 4 percentage points, respectively, between 2007 and 2012.
WELL-BEING IN THE WORKPLACE
People spend most of their daily life at work and work for a significant part of their life. Hence, the kind ofjobs they have matters a great deal for their well-being. Job quality covers many different aspects, fromwork content to control over decisions, to interactions with colleagues, support from managers, as well asmore traditional aspects such as earnings and job security. In 2010, 22% of Czech Republic workersreported being in a poor working environment , a share slightly above the average in European
countries. Low job quality impairs the physical and mental health of workers.
Figure 2 - Working conditions and impact on Czech Republic workers health, 2010
Source: OECD calculations on the European Working Conditions Survey
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GENDER DIFFERENCES IN WELL-BEING
Gender gaps in well-being, typically in favour of men, have declined in most OECD countries over the pastfew decades. Despite these gains, compared to men, women fromtheCzech Republicare less likely tohave a paid job or be elected to Parliament, and more likely to feel insecure when walking alone at night. Asizeable share of women from the Czech Republic also report having experienced intimate partnerviolence.
HOW DO MEN AND WOMEN PERFORM IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC? AND IN THE OECD?
Women and men throughou t their lif etime
Health status
Life expectancy at birth (years) 81 75 83 77
Share of people in good/very good health conditions 57% 63% 67% 72%
Education and skil ls
Tertiary degrees awarded (all fields) 59% 41% 58% 42%
Women and men in paid and unpaid work
Jobs and earnings
Employment rates (tertiary educated individuals) 75% 91% 79% 88%
Wage gap between men and women - +18% - +16%
Share of poor single-adult households 42% 18% 37% 30%
Women and men in society
Civic Engagement and governance
Share of seats in national parliament 22% 78% 27% 73%
Personal security
Share of women reporting intimate partner violence 37% - - -
Share of people feeling safe when walking alone at night 47% 72% 61% 79%
Subjective well-being
Levels of life satisfaction on a 0 to 10 scale 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.6
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BETTER LIFE INDEX
The Better Life Index is an interactive web application that invites citizens to compare well-being acrossOECD countries and beyond on the basis of the set of well-being indicators explored in Hows Life? Userschose what weight to give to each of the eleven dimensions shown below and therefore see how countriesperform, based on their own personal priorities in life.
Users can share their index with other people in their networks, as well as with the OECD. This allows us togather valuable information on the importance that users attach to various life dimensions, on how thesepreferences differ across countries, and on the demographic characteristics of users.
Since its launch in May 2011, the Better Life Index has attracted over 3.6 million visits from just aboutevery country on the planet (184) and has received over eight million page views . And over 60,000user-created Better Life Indexes have been shared with the OECD. The following country findings reflectvoluntary submissions to the OECD via www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org. Findings can only be considered as
indicative and are not representative of the population at large.
Life Satisfaction, Health and Education have consistently been the top rated topics overall.
6.76%
8.07%
8.77% 8.93% 8.94%9.08% 9.12%
9.45%9.86%
10.32% 10.34%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
11%
Ranking of well-being topics for all users
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PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS OF WELL-BEING: FINDINGS FOR THE CZECH REPUBLIC
Health, Income and Life Satisfaction are the threehighest ranked topicsby users based in the CzechRepublic.7The following chart compares indexes submitted by users in the Czech Republic, Germany andthe United States.
The Czech Republic is currently 34th in number of visits (over 21,200) to the BLI site, up 88% or over 9,900new visits since the update to the Index in May 2013. The top cities are Prague with over 12,000 visits andBrno (+2,600).
7Preferences for the Czech Republic based on 199 indexes submitted between May 2011 and March 2014.
6.0%
7.0%
8.0%
9.0%
10.0%
11.0%
12.0%
Ranking for well-being topics in the Czech Republic, Germany and the United
States
United States
GermanyCzech Republic
39% 39%
61% 61%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Czech Republic All users
Gender distribu tion of usersComparison between the Czech
Republic and all users
Women Men
1%
34% 34%
18%
7%5%
2%1%
25%
32%
19%
12%
7%3%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
65
Age dist ribution for usersComparison between the Czech Republic
and all users
Czech Republic Global
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For media requests contact:news.contact@oecd.orgor +33 1 45 24 97 00
For more information contact:bli@oecd.org
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Hows LifeIn Denmark?
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The OECD Better Life Initiative, launched in 2011, focuses on the aspects of life that matter to people andthat shape their quality of life. The Initiative comprises a set of regularly updated well-being indicators andan analysis, published in the Hows Life?reportas well as an interactive web application, the Better LifeIndex. It also includes a number of methodological and research projects to improve the information basetowards a better understanding of well-being trends and their drivers.
The OECD Better Life Initiative:
Helps to inform policy making to improve quality of life.
Connects policies to peoples lives.
Generates support for needed policy measures.
Improves civic engagement by encouraging the public to create their own index and share theirpreferences.
Empowers the public by improving their understanding of policy-making.
This brochure presents selected findings for Denmark from the Hows Life? report (pages 3-5) andshows what Danishusersof the Better Life Index are telling us about their well-being priorities(pages
6-7).
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HOWS LIFE?
Hows Life?, published every two years, provides a comprehensive picture ofwell-being in OECD countries and other major economies by bringing togetheran internationally comparable set of well-being indicators . It looks at peoplesmaterial conditions and quality of life across the population in eleven dimensionsincluding: income and wealth; jobs and earnings; housing; health status; work-life balance; education and skills; social connections; civic engagement andgovernance; environmental quality; personal security; and subjective well-being.
The following are findings for Denmark based on the set of well-being indicatorsand the analysis found in the Hows Life?report.
HOWS LIFE IN DENMARKIN 2014?
Compared with other OECD countries, Brazil and the Russian Federation, Denmark performs very well inmost of the 11 dimensions mentioned above that the OECD considers as essential to a good life. Denmarkranks at the top in work-life balance, and also ranks at the top, along with New Zealand and Iceland, in
social connections. It ranks above the average of the 36 countries in the dimensions of social connections,subjective well-being, environmental quality, civic engagement, education and skills, jobs and earnings,income and wealth, housing, personal security, and health status.
Figure 1 - How does Denmark compare?Denmarks well-being compared with other OECD countries and major economies, 2014
Health status Personalsecurity
Housing Income andwealth
Jobs andearnings
Education andskills
Civicengagement
andgovernance
Environmentalquality
Subjective well-being
Socialconnections
Work-lifebalance
20% top performers 60% middle performers 20% bottom performers Denmark
Countriesranking(1to36)
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
High exposure tophysical health
risk factors
High workpressure
Low level of workautonomy
Unclear andimprecisework goals
Poor managementpractices
Poor relationshipswith colleagues
Facing workplaceintimidation
Workersin%
Share of workers reporting poor working conditions, by type
Share of workers reporting a negative impact on their health, by type of working conditions
WELL-BEING DURING THE CRISIS
The average Danish household has been only modestly affected by the crisis, with impacts that areparticularly visible when looking at jobs, life satisfaction and civic engagement.
From 2007 to 2011, Denmark recorded a cumulative increase in real household disposable incomeofaround 4%, while in the Euro area income dropped by more than 1% over the same period, with the largestdecline occurring in 2011. However, market income inequality (before taxes and transfers) increased by 1%
between 2007 and 2010, in line with the OECD average of 1.2%.
The largest impact of the crisis on peoples well -being have come through lower employment anddeteriorating labour market conditions. Between 2007 and 2012, the employment ratedecreased by morethan 4 percentage points in Denmark, while the long-term unemployment rate increased by 2 percentagepoints.
In the countries mostly hit by the crisis the poor employment situation had a major impact on lifesatisfaction . From 2007 to 2013, the percentage of Danishpeople declaring being very satisfied with theirlives fell from 85% to 82%, although this value remains one of the highest in the OECD.
In OECD countries severely hit by the crisis, peoples trust in institutions and in the way democracyworks has declined during the crisis. The percentage of Danish people reporting that they trust the
government also fell from 59% to 39% between 2007 and 2013.
Over the same period new forms of so lidarity and engagementhave emerged. In Denmark, this trend isless clear cut. The percentage of people reporting having helped someone increased by 3 percentagepoints while it decreased by 1 percentage points for people reporting having volunteered their time between2007 and 2013.
WELL-BEING IN THE WORKPLACE
People spend most of their daily life at work and work for a significant part of their life. Hence, the kind ofjobs they have matters a great deal for their well-being. Job quality covers many different aspects, fromwork content to control over decisions, to interactions with colleagues, support from managers, as well asmore traditional aspects such as earnings and job security. In 2010, 10% of Danish workers reportedbeing in a poor working environment, the lowest share in European countries. Low job quality impairs
the physical and mental health of workers.
Figure 2 - Working condi tions and impact on Denmark workers health, 2010
Source: OECD calculations on the European Working Conditions Survey
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GENDER DIFFERENCES IN WELL-BEING
Gender gaps in well-being, typically in favour of men, have declined in most OECD countries, including inDenmark. Despite these gains, Danish women are still less likely than men to have a paid job or beelected to Parliament, and more likely to spend many hours performing household tasks or to feel insecurewhen walking alone at night. A sizeable share of Danish women also report having experienced intimatepartner violence.
HOW DO MEN AND WOMEN PERFORM IN DENMARK? AND IN THE OECD?
Women and men throughou t their lif etime
Health status
Life expectancy at birth (years) 82 78 83 77
Share of people in good/very good health conditions 69% 73% 67% 72%
Education and skil ls
Tertiary degrees awarded (all fields) 60% 40% 58% 42%
Women and men in paid and unpaid work
Jobs and earnings
Employment rates (tertiary educated individuals) 84% 88% 79% 88%
Wage gap between men and women - +12% - +16%
Share of poor single-adult households 22% 22% 37% 30%
Work-Life balance
Number of hours dedicated to household tasks (per week) 28 25 32 21
Women and men in society
Civic Engagement and governance
Share of seats in national parliament 39% 61% 27% 73%
Personal security
Share of women reporting intimate partner violence 22% -
Share of people feeling safe when walking alone at night 69% 91% 61% 79%
Subjective well-being
Levels of life satisfaction on a 0 to 10 scale 7.6 7.6 6.7 6.6
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BETTER LIFE INDEX
The Better Life Index is an interactive web application that invites citizens to compare well-being acrossOECD countries and beyond on the basis of the set of well-being indicators explored in Hows Life? Userschose what weight to give to each of the eleven dimensions shown below and therefore see how countriesperform, based on their own personal priorities in life.
Users can share their index with other people in their networks, as well as with the OECD. This allows us togather valuable information on the importance that users attach to various life dimensions, on how thesepreferences differ across countries, and on the demographic characteristics of users.
Since its launch in May 2011, the Better Life Index has attracted over 3.6 million visits from just aboutevery country on the planet (184) and has received over eight million page views . And over 60,000user-created Better Life Indexes have been shared with the OECD. The following country findings reflectvoluntary submissions to the OECD via www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org. Findings can only be considered as
indicative and are not representative of the population at large.
Life Satisfaction, Health and Education have consistently been the top rated topics overall.
6.76%
8.07%
8.77% 8.93% 8.94%9.08% 9.12%
9.45%9.86%
10.32% 10.34%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
11%
Ranking of well-being topics for all users
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PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS OF WELL-BEING: FINDINGS FOR DENMARK
Life Satisfaction, Education and Health are the threehighest ranked topicsby users based in Denmark.8The following chart compares indexes submitted by users in Denmark, Sweden and the United States.
Denmark is currently 24th in number of visits (over 38,800) to the BLI site, up 84% or over 17,700 newvisits since the update to the Index in May 2013. The top cities are Copenhagen with over 14,200 visitsfollowed by Aarhus (+3,300) and Odense (+2,100).
8Preferences for Denmark based on 427 indexes submitted between May 2011 and March 2014.
6.0%
7.0%
8.0%
9.0%
10.0%
11.0%
12.0%Ranking for well-being topics in Denmark, Sweden and the United States
United States
Sweden
Denmark
33% 39%
67% 61%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Denmark All users
Gender distribution of usersComparison between Denmark
and all users
Women Men
2%
39%
23%
18%
10%
6%3%
1%
25%32%
19%
12%
7%
3%
0%5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
65
Age dist ribution for usersComparison between Denmark and all
users
Denmark Global
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For media requests contact:news.contact@oecd.orgor +33 1 45 24 97 00
For more information contact:bli@oecd.org
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Hows Lifein Estonia?
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The OECD Better Life Initiative, launched in 2011, focuses on the aspects of life that matter to people andthat shape their quality of life. The Initiative comprises a set of regularly updated well-being indicators andan analysis, published in the Hows Life?reportas well as an interactive web application, the Better LifeIndex. It also includes a number of methodological and research projects to improve the information basetowards a better understanding of well-being trends and their drivers.
The OECD Better Life Initiative:
Helps to inform policy making to improve quality of life.
Connects policies to peoples lives.
Generates support for needed policy measures.
Improves civic engagement by encouraging the public to create their own index and share theirpreferences.