www.slb.com/carbonservices

Reservoir Modelling and Microseismicityat the Illinois Basin – Decatur Project

Bob Will

Sept. 19, 2017

CS1709-119-BW

Outline

●Static and Dynamic Model Overview●Monitoring Data●Microseismicity and Plume Development●Potential Future Work:

―Elastic Modeling―Geomechanical Modeling

Model Review

Static Geologic Model

● High resolution static geologic model created by integration of 3D seismic data, geophysical logs, and core.

● Geologic structure and stratigraphy interpreted from 3D seismic data.

● Porosity distributed by co-simulation of well logs with inverted seismic impedance.

● Permeability distributed by co-simulation of well logs with porosity.

4

• Static model ~30 miles x 30 miles • Horizontal grid resolution of 150 feet x 150 feet. • Vertical resolution in is variable, averaging 3.8 feet.• Static model had 906 million cells

(prior to cropping and scale-up for simulation).

Reservoir (flow) Simulation Calibration Model

● Subset of geomodel grid.● Tartan grid with refinement centered on

the injection well.● ~550,000 cells with variable cell size from

refined to 75’ x 75’ near injection and monitoring wells.

● Extent and refinements designed for calibration and microseismic studies.

● Pressure and CO2 saturation distributions computed using ECLIPSE*300 industry-reference reservoir simulator.

● Pressure and RST* reservoir saturation tool calibration performed using MEPO* multiple realization optimizer Latin Hypercube and Evolution Strategy methods.

5

Geomodel extent

Simulation model

Reservoir (flow) Simulation Model Refinement

6

Reservoir State Monitoring Data

Pressure and RST Monitoring Wells

WB7

WB6WB5

WB4WB3WB2WB1

CCS1VW1

Inferred Baffle

Mt. Simon B

Upper Mt. Simon A

Mt. Simon C

Lower Mt. Simon A

Argenta

Top Pre-Cambrian

Westbay Monitoring Pressures Suggest Vertical Isolation

WB1 - Shallow Pre Cambrian, WB2 & 3 – Lower MSA, WB4 & 5 – Upper MSA, WB6 - MSB

Monitoring Pressure Change From Static

WB1 - Shallow Pre Cambrian, WB2 & 3 – Lower MSA, WB4 & 5 – Upper MSA, WB6 - MSB

Repeat RST Logs

9/11 3/12 7/12 11/12 7/13 7/14 12/14 9/11 3/12 7/12 11/12 7/13 7/14 12/14 11/15

RST Suggests Isolated Sand Intervals

Time-lapse Seismic Attributes and Prior Monitor Plume Simulation at IBDP

Predictability

13

NRMS NRMSimulated Monitor Plume

Simulated Monitor Plume

Simulated Monitor Plume

General consistency between multiple attributes.

Pressure and RST Calibration (Evolution Strategy)CCS1 WB1

WB3 RST

Microseismic Activity and Plume Development

Saturation Plume and Average Pressure Contours March 2012

Saturation Plume and Average Pressure Contours July 2012

Saturation Plume and Average Pressure Contours November 2012

Saturation Plume and Average Pressure Contours July 2013

Saturation Plume and Average Pressure Contours July 2014

Saturation Plume and Differential PressureJuly 2014

DP=P(t)-P(0)

Relationship to Geologic Features

22

Reservoir Elastic Modeling

Simulation to Reservoir Elastic Property Modeling

Rock composition definitionfor matrix computations.

Injection well ELAN mineral fractions, porosity, density, and sonic logs.

Reservoir state data input dialog.Post-injection CO2 saturation (top) and

pressure (bottom).

Computed P-velocity difference cross-section.

Mt Simon A

Lower Mt Simon A

Argenta

Injection induced P-impedance difference.

Mt Simon A

Lower Mt Simon A

Argenta

Geomechanical Modeling

Finite Element Model – Stress Initialization

26

Finite Element Model – Pressure Updates

27

FEM Microseismic Forecasting - Locations

Event Frequency vs Time

Event Magnitude vs Time

28

Microseismic Forecasting – Frequency and Magnitude

Event Frequency vs Time

Event Magnitude vs Time

29

Thank You!

Questions?

30