2014-2016 Activities - Central States Section of The Combustion Institute

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ReporttotheCombustionInstituteontheActivitiesoftheCentralStatesSection

ofTheCombustionInstitute

2014-2016ThisreportdocumentsSectionactivitiesduringtheperiodfromthe35thuptothe36thInternationalSymposiaonCombustion,spanningtheperiod2014-08-01–2016-06-30.OrganizationTheCentralStatesSection(CSS)ofTheCombustionInstituteiscomposedofthosemembersofTheCombustionInstitutewhoresideinthecentralstatesregionoftheUnitedStates,viz.Alabama,Arkansas,Illinois,Indiana,Iowa,Kansas,Kentucky,Louisiana,Michigan,Minnesota,Mississippi,Missouri,Nebraska,NorthDakota,Ohio,Oklahoma,SouthDakota,Tennessee,Texas,andWisconsin.Attheendofthisreportingperiod,theCSShad287activemembers,ofwhich130werestudents.TheCentralStatesSectionwasincorporatedon1969March16andmaintainsitsstatusasanot-for-profitcorporationintheStateofIllinois(TonghunLee,registeredagent).Thecorporateofficersfor2015-2017areCharlesE.A.Finney(President),TonghunLee(Treasurer),andKathleenM.Tacina(Secretary).TheSectionorganizationalexecutiveauthorityisvestedinitsofficersandBoardofAdvisors.Duringthe2013-2017periodencompassingthisreportingperiod,theofficersandchairsoftheCentralStatesSectionwereasfollows:

Position 2013-2015 2015-2017Chair AjayK.Agrawal CharlesE.A.FinneyChair-Elect CharlesE.A.Finney CharlesE.Baukal,Jr.Treasurer NickG.Glumac TonghunLeeSecretary CharlesE.Baukal,Jr. KathleenM.TacinaProgramChair WarunaKulatilaka RobertS.TranterProgramVice-Chair IndrekS.Wichman EricL.PetersenWebmaster CharlesE.A.Finney CharlesE.A.FinneyAuditor MargaretWooldridge vacantOutreachChair TimothyJ.Jacobs TimothyJ.JacobsCombustionArtCompetitionChair SandraL.Olson SandraL.OlsonPastChair NickG.Glumac AjayK.Agrawal

Electionsforofficersareconductedinodd-numberedyears,andforadvisorsduringeven-numberedyears,duringtheSection’sAnnualBusinessMeetingheldinconjunctionwiththeSpringTechnicalMeetingortheUSNationalCombustionMeeting.Termsofofficebeginattheendoftheencompassingtechnicalmeeting.

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TheSectionrepresentativestotheUSSectionsofTheCombustionInstituteexecutiveboardduringthisreportingperiodwereNickG.Glumac(2009-2015),AjayK.Agrawal(2011-2017;Chair2015-2017);CharlesE.A.Finney(2013-2019)andCharlesE.Baukal,Jr.(2015-2021).TechnicalandbusinessactivitiesIn2015,theSection’stechnicalmeetingwasencompassedinhostingthe9thUSNationalCombustionMeeting,heldMay17-20inCincinnati,Ohio.MichaelA.BenjaminofGEAviationservedasthelocalhost.Therewasatotalof466participants,ofwhich37%werestudents.TheSectionconducteditsCombustionArtCompetition(seebelowforresults).In2016,theSpringTechnicalMeetingwasheldMay15-17inKnoxville,Tennessee,wheretheSectionmarkedits50thanniversarymeeting.TheBredesenCenterforInterdisciplinaryResearchandGraduateEducationattheUniversityofTennesseeservedasthelocalhost.Therewere108attendees,including50students(46%).TheCombustionArtCompetitionwasheldwithitslargestnumberentrieseverforaSection-levelcompetition(seebelowforresults),andonerecipientoftheHighSchoolTeacherOutreachGrant,Mr.JasonRoberts,addressedthemembershipduringitsAnnualBusinessMeeting.Prof.KennethBrezinskyoftheUniversityofIllinoisatChicagodeliveredtheJamesE.PetersPlenaryLectureon“UICsinglepulseshocktubestudiesoffuelsandtheunansweredquestionstheyraise”;Dr.KevinR.WilsonofLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratorydeliveredaplenarylecturetitled“Interfacialchemistryoforganicaerosols”;andDr.JamesP.SzybistofOakRidgeNationalLaboratorydeliveredaplenarylecturetitled“Opportuniesforimprovedefficiencyinsparkignitedengines”.Additionally,therewere87technicalpresentationsbyparticipants.ThefollowingstudentswererecognizedwithawardsforanOutstandingStudentPresentation:

• ChloeE.Dedic(IowaStateUniversity):“ExperimentalmeasurementsandmodelingofQ-branchN2hybridfs/pscoherentanti-StokesRamanscatteringatelevatedpressures”

• MarkGragston(UniversityofTennessee):“Quantitativemeasurementsofatomicoxygeninelevatedpressurehydrocarbonflame”

• JiyuanKang(CaseWesternReserveUniversity):“Computertomographybasedstructurecharacterizationofexpandedintumescentcoatingsforfireprotection”

• VarunRamesh(UniversityofWisconsin-Madison):“Measurementofnitrogenoxidesinconstantvolumecombustionvesselexhaust”

AttheAnnualBusinessMeeting,theSectionmembershipreëlectedSureshK.Aggarwal,MichaelA.BenjaminandTimothyJ.JacobstoasecondtermontheBoardofAdvisorsandelectedWilliamF.NorthropoftheUniversityofMinnesotatoafirstterm.TheSectioncontinueditssupportforstudentstravelingtopresentattheInternationalSymposiumonCombustion.TheSectionwillsupporttravelforSectionstudentspresentingatthe36thSymposiuminSeoul,andtherecipientoftheJamesE.PetersTravelFellowshipwillbelistedinthenextbiennialactivityreport.

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OutreachactivitiesTheSectioncontinuedtwooutreachactivities,theHighSchoolTeacherOutreachGrantandtheCombustionArtCompetition.HighSchoolTeacherOutreachGrantTheCentralStatesSectionawardsgrantstohigh-schoolteachersproposalsfordevelopingandintroducingacombustionscience-based(i.e.,appliedchemistry)learningmoduleintotheircoursecurriculum.TheCSShasfourmajorobjectivesinsupportingthisgrantaward:

1. toexposehighschoolstudentstothepresentandfuturechallengesofcombustionscienceresearchanddevelopmentoftechnology,

2. toaugmenthighschoolteachers’currentandon-goingeffortstoenhanceSTEM-based(science,technology,engineering,andmathematics)curricula,

3. tocoordinateamentor/menteerelationshipbetweencombustionresearcherandteacher,and

4. toinvestintheeducationofpotentialfuturecombustionscientistsandengineers.Thefirstgrantwasawardedin2012.Hereisthewinnerfor2015:2015:Mr.JasonRoberts,ScienceDepartmentChairandAPPhysicsteacheratKenwoodAcademyHighSchool(Chicago,Illinois),wastherecipientofa$5000grantfromtheCentralStatesSectionoftheCombustionInstitutetodevelopcombustionscience-basedlearningmaterialstoadvancescience,technology,engineering,andmathematics(STEM)learningforhighschoolstudents.Mr.Roberts’proposal,titled“ThePowerofRockets”,wasreviewedbyapanelofcombustionscienceexpertsfromaroundthecountryandselectedbasedonitshighrankingsamongseveralmerit-basedcriteria.Mr.Robertsisdevelopinglearningmodulesthatcenteronspecificfeaturesofcombustionchemistry,suchasfuel-oxidizerstoichiometry,adiabaticflametemperature,andtheenergyreleasethatisrequiredtothrustrocketenginesintotheair.Additionally,Mr.Robertsiscombiningcombustionchemistrywithappliedmechanics,sothatstudentslearnaboutlinearthrustandrotationalmotion.Studentsareexpectedtofirstpredict,usingfundamentalcalculations,thethrustandsubsequentflightheightexertedbydifferentlydesignedrocketengines.Studentswillthenhavetheopportunitytocomparetheirpredictionsagainstevidence-basedaverages(i.e.,actualrocketflights).Mr.RobertsisworkingcloselywithDr.MarcBaumgardner,acombustionscientistatColoradoStateUniversity.Mr.Robertswasrecognizedatthe9thU.S.NationalCombustionMeeting,May17–20,2015inCincinnati,Ohio,andupdatedtheSectionmembershipatthe2016SpringTechnicalMeeting,May15–17inKnoxville,Tennessee.Detailsofallthegrantssince2012areavailableattheSectionwebsiteathttp://cssci.org/outreach/grants.html.CombustionArtCompetitionInitiatedbytheCentralStatesSectionin2004,theCombustionArtCompetitionawardscreativityandtechnicalskillinvisualizationofcombustion-relatedphenomena.TheSectionoffersthe

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competitionyearlyatSectionorUSnationalmeetingsandawardscashprizes.In2013,theawardschangedfromastraightrankedplacementtotopentriesfortechnicalmeritandartisticmerit;meetingattendeesvoteoncompetitionentries.Winningentriesofallcompetitionsfrom2004to2016areviewableattheSectionwebsiteathttp://cssci.org.The2015and2016winningentriesarereportedbelow.2015:Atthe9thUSNationalMeetinginCincinnati,Ohio,thefollowingprizeswereawarded:

• PrizeforArtisticMerit—“Afrit(Arabianmythology)-TheFireMonster”bySayanBiswasandLiQiao(PurdueUniversity)

• PrizeforTechnicalMerit—“StarsandStripes”byMichaelSoo,JanPalecka,PhilJulien,SamWhiteley,JamesVickery,SamGoroshin,DavidFrostandJeffBergthorson(McGillUniversity)

• HonorableMentionforArtisticMerit—“CombustionArcoiris(rainbow)”byAndresF.Colorado(UniversityofCaliforniaIrvine)

• HonorableMentionforArtisiticMerit—“FireEyes”byMohsenGhamariandAlbertRatner(UniversityofIowa)

• HonorableMentionforTechnicalMerit—“TurbulentPremixedV-Flame”byYukiMinamoto(SandiaNationalLaboratories)andMamoruTanahashi(TokyoInstituteofTechnology)

• HonorableMentionforTechnicalMerit—“Soot:IntheWinkofanEye”byYuhaoXu(Cornell),Yu-ChengLiu(U.Michigan-Flint),MichaelHicks(NASA)andThomasAvedisian(Cornell)

Winningentryofthe2015PrizeforArtisticMerit“Afrit(Arabianmythology)-TheFireMonster”

“Highspeedschlierenphotographyofpre-chambergeneratedturbulentjetignitionofleanCH4/air-potentialsolutiontoultraleancombustion.Devil'sfaceismadeofwrinkledturbulentflames.Hornsarecomposedoftwoflame-jetsfrompre-chamber

combustion.Thehotpuffontopofdevil'sheadrepresentsinitiationofignitioninmaincombustionchamber.Thisimagecontainsallthreephasesofprechambergeneratedjetignitionprocess,namely,thepre-chamberflame-jet,mainchamberignitionpoint

andflamepropagation.”SayanBiswasandLiQiao(PurdueUniversity)

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Winningentryofthe2015PrizeforTechnicalMerit

“StarsandStripes”“Flameletsinanironparticlesuspensionpassingthroughquenchingchannels.Agglomeratesburndiscretelyintheafterglowof

theflame.”MichaelSoo,JanPalecka,PhilJulien,SamWhiteley,JamesVickery,SamGoroshin,DavidFrostandJeffBergthorson(McGill

University)2016:AttheSpringTechnicalMeetinginKnoxville,Tennessee,thefollowingprizeswereawarded:

• PrizeforArtisticMerit—“BabyinFlame”byAkshayGopan,AdewaleAdeosun,ZhiweiYang,TianxiangLi,andRichardL.Axelbaum(WashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis)

• PrizeforTechnicalMerit—“Bang!TransitiontoDetonation-Astorytoldin87frames”byChloeE.Dedic,AlexR.Tietz,andJamesB.Michael(IowaStateUniversity)

• HonorableMention—“MesmerizingMicro-WorldofaMonopropellantMatrix(4M)”bySayanBiswas,ShouryaJain,andLiQiao(PurdueUniversity)

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Winningentryofthe2016PrizeforArtisticMerit

“BabyinFlame”“Ababybornfromtheflame,likeinthelegendsoftheEast.Imagetakenfromadown-fired,co-axial,non-premixed,methane-air

flameinalaboratorycombustorusingaCanonEOS550Datanexposuretimeof1/400s.”AkshayGopan,AdewaleAdeosun,ZhiweiYang,TianxiangLi,andRichardL.Axelbaum(WashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis)

Winningentryofthe2016PrizeforTechnicalMerit

“Bang!TransitiontoDetonation-Astorytoldin87frames”“Anethylene-oxygenmixturewithanequivalenceratioof0.7wasignitedusingasparkgapatoneendofa0.6mlong,2mmdiameterquartztube.Flamechemiluminescencethroughthetubewasrecordedat300Hz,andresultingframesaredisplayedsequentiallyfromtoptobottom.Theflameacceleratesalongthetube,transitioningfromdeflagrationtodetonationwitha

suddenincreaseinflameluminosityasthepredictedtemperaturejumpsto3778K.ThedetonationwavetravelsataconstantvelocityneartheChapman-Jouguetvelocityof2200m/s.Alowervelocitywaveisalsovisiblepropagatingfromthetransition

pointtowardsthetubeentrance.”ChloeE.Dedic,AlexR.Tietz,andJamesB.Michael(IowaStateUniversity)