Post on 13-Dec-2015
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Overview of EU Cohesion and Regional Policy to
2020
Creating the Regions of Tomorrow:Maximising Ireland’s Reform Opportunity
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Regional disparities increased
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 201365
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120GDP per head Unemployment rateCoefficient of variation, 2000=100
Coefficient of variation of GDP per head, employment rate (15-64), unemployment rate, EU-27 NUTS 2 regions, 2000-2012
Source: Eurostat, DG REGIO calculations
Chapter 1
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Economic disparities
• Crisis halted regional economic convergence
• National GDP projections show slow convergence post-crisis
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
Less developed Member StatesModerately developed Member StatesHighly developed Member States
Annual average change (%)
Growth of GDP per head in real terms, EU-28, 2001-2015
Source: Eurostat
Chapter 1
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Chapter 1
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Crisis in Dublin and Cork
GDP per head growth
Productivity growth
Employment per head growth
3.8 0.8 3.04.2 1.5 2.7
2000-2008Average annual growth in %
GDP per head growth
Productivity growth
Employment per head growth
-1.8 2.3 -4.11.1 5.0 -3.9
2008-2011Average annual growth in %
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Chapter 1
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Chapter 1
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Chapter 1
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Major roads1955-2030
Chapter 1
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Major roads1955-2030
Chapter 1
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Major roads1955-2030
Chapter 1
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Major roads1955-2030
Chapter 1
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Major roads1955-2030
Chapter 1
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Major roads1955-2030
Chapter 1
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Major roads1955-2030
Chapter 1
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Regional competitiveness
• Boosting competitiveness requires more investments in innovation, entrepreneurship, education, digital and physical networks and more exports & FDI
Chapter 1
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
More developed
TransitionLess
developedEU-28
Employment rate population aged 20-64, 2013
72.0 65.1 61.1 68.3
% point change 2008 - 2013
-1.4 -2.9 -2.7 -1.9
% point change 2000 - 2008
4.1 4.6 2.4 3.7
Chapter 2
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Chapter 2
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
EU
27
Ro
ma
nia
Bu
lga
ria
Cro
atia
Po
lan
d
Hu
ng
ary
Lith
ua
nia
Slo
vaki
a
Cyp
rus
Sp
ain
La
tvia
Fin
lan
d
Est
on
ia
Ire
lan
d
Po
rtu
ga
l
Gre
ece
Ita
ly
Cze
ch R
ep
ub
lic
Slo
ven
ia
Sw
ed
en
Ma
lta
Lu
xem
bo
urg
Fra
nce
Un
ited
Kin
gd
om
Ne
the
rla
nd
s
De
nm
ark
Ge
rma
ny
Au
stri
a
Be
lgiu
m
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
At risk of poverty or exclusion and 2020 targets
Cities 2008
Towns and suburbs, Rural areas 2008
National target
% o
f p
op
ula
tio
n a
t ri
sk
of
po
ve
rty
or
ex
clu
sio
n
*BE, IE, AT, UK - 2011
Chapter 2
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
EU
27
Ro
ma
nia
Bu
lga
ria
Cro
atia
Po
lan
d
Hu
ng
ary
Lith
ua
nia
Slo
vaki
a
Cyp
rus
Sp
ain
La
tvia
Fin
lan
d
Est
on
ia
Ire
lan
d
Po
rtu
ga
l
Gre
ece
Ita
ly
Cze
ch R
ep
ub
lic
Slo
ven
ia
Sw
ed
en
Ma
lta
Lu
xem
bo
urg
Fra
nce
Un
ited
Kin
gd
om
Ne
the
rla
nd
s
De
nm
ark
Ge
rma
ny
Au
stri
a
Be
lgiu
m
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
At risk of poverty or exclusion and 2020 targets
Cities 2012
Towns and suburbs, Rural areas 2012
National target
% o
f p
op
ula
tio
n a
t ri
sk
of
po
ve
rty
or
ex
clu
sio
n
*BE, IE, AT, UK - 2011
Chapter 2
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
EU
27
Ro
ma
nia
Bu
lga
ria
Cro
atia
Po
lan
d
Hu
ng
ary
Lith
ua
nia
Slo
vaki
a
Cyp
rus
Sp
ain
La
tvia
Fin
lan
d
Est
on
ia
Ire
lan
d
Po
rtu
ga
l
Gre
ece
Ita
ly
Cze
ch R
ep
ub
lic
Slo
ven
ia
Sw
ed
en
Ma
lta
Lu
xem
bo
urg
Fra
nce
Un
ited
Kin
gd
om
Ne
the
rla
nd
s
De
nm
ark
Ge
rma
ny
Au
stri
a
Be
lgiu
m
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
At risk of poverty or exclusion and 2020 targets
Cities 2012
Towns and suburbs, Rural areas 2012
Cities 2008
Towns and suburbs, Rural areas 2008
National target
% o
f p
op
ula
tio
n a
t ri
sk
of
po
ve
rty
or
ex
clu
sio
n
*BE, IE, AT, UK - 2011
Chapter 2
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Land-use efficiency of cities
Built-up area per inhabitant, EU regions, 2012
sq. km per mn inhabitants
Urban regions
Inter-mediate regions
Rural regions
EU-28 97 230 368EU-15 94 221 372EU-13 126 260 362Source: JRC European Human Settlement Map and DG REGIO calculations
• Dwellings in cities are smaller and more vertical
• Offices are more vertical
• Energy use for transport, heating and cooling also lower in cities
Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy
Density drops away from the centre
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 150
100
200
300
400
0
100
200
300
400
Popula
tion p
er
square
km
Population density profile of selected mid-sized European capital cities, 2006
Distance from city centre (Km)Source: Batista e Silva, F. et al. (2012)
Wien
Lisbon
Bu-dapest
Brussels
Stockholm
Dublin Amsterdam