Post on 19-Jan-2016
Regional Cooperation in the
Caspian Sea
Caspian Environment Programme (CEP)
Environmental program initiated by Republic of Azerbaijan, I.R.Iran, Republic of Kazakhstan, Russian Federation &Turkmenistan
Officially launched in 1998 Total budget of about 13m $
GEF UNDP EU/Tacis World Bank UNEP
Overall Goal of the Caspian Environment Programme(CEP)
“Environmentally sustainable development and management of the Caspian ecological resources in order to obtain the optimal long-term benefits for the human population of the region".
GEF-CEP Phase-I (1998-2002)
• Establishment of a Program Coordination Unit (PCU) in Baku• Establishment of Caspian Regional Thematic Centres (CRTCs) • Development of Framework Convention for the Protection of
the Marine Environment of the Caspian Sea• Preparation of the Transboudary Diagnostic Analysis Report
(TDA)• Five National Caspian Action Plan (NCAP)• Strategic Action Program (SAP)• Priority Investment Portfolios Projects (PIPPs)• Matched Small Grant Projects (MSGPs)
CEP-Caspian Regional Thematic Centres (CRTCs):
Assessment of Transboundary Biodiversity Priorities, Kazakhstan
Water Level Fluctuations, Kazakhstan
Sustainable Management of Fish Resources and other Commercially Important Species, Russian Federation
Institutional, Legal, Regulatory and Economic Frameworks, Russian Federation
Combating Coastal Desertification and Land Degradation, Turkmenistan
Contaminant Abatement and Control Policies and Procedures, Azerbaijan
Effective Regional Information and Data Management, Azerbaijan
Regional Emergency Response Actions, I.R. Iran
Effective Regional Assessment of Contaminant Levels, I.R. Iran
Integrated Transboundary Coastal Area Management and Planning, I.R.Iran
Sustainable Human Development and Health, Turkmenistan
Definition of TDA:
A TDA is a scientific and technical assessment through which the water related environmental issues and problems of a region are identified and quantified, their causes analyzed and their impacts, both environmental and economic, assessed.
M AJ OR PERCEIVED PROBLEM S AND ISSUES
DECLINE IN CERTAIN COM M ERC IALFIS H S TOCKS , INCLUDING S TURGEON
OVERALL DECLINE IN ENVIRONM ENTALQUALITY
DEGRADATION OF COAS TAL LANDS CAPESDAM AGE TO COAS TAL HAB ITATS
DECLINE IN HUM AN HEALTH
THREATS TO B IODIVERS ITY DAM AGE TO COAS TAL INFRAS TRUCTUREAND AM NETIES
INTRODUCED S PEC IES CONTAM INATION FROMOFFS HORE OIL AND GAS ACTIVITIES
EM ERGING PROB LEM S / IS S UES
EXIS TING PROB LEM S / IS S UES
Pollution Hot Spots Country
Azerbaijan
•Baku Bay/ Apsheron Peninsula
•Sumgait
•Kura River
Iran •Sefid-Rood River area/ Bandar Anzali
•Chalus/Now Shahr ports
•Gorgan Lagoon
Kazakhstan •Ural River Delta
•Bautino/Fort Shevchenko
•Aktau
Russian Federation
•Astrakhan/ Volga River delta
•Lopatin
•Makhachkala
•Derbent
APCs:AzerbaijanBaku Bay and Absheron
Kura River
Sumgait
(A1)
(A-2)
(A-3)
Oil productmunicipal, BODNORM, Nutrigen
Pesticides, (DDTs),PСBs,Heavy metals
Iran
Sefid Rood River Bandar Anzali
Chalus/Noshahr
Gorgan Bay
(I-1)(I-2)(I-3)
(I-4)
Municipal waste water
Industrial impact ( heavy metals)
CPs, PСBs
Turkmenistan
Krasnavodsk Chelekan (T1)
(T2)
Municipal,
Heavy metals,
NORM
Kazakhstan
Ural River del Aterau
Aktau
(K1)
(K2)
(K3)
Oil and oil products
Heavy metals,
PСB,s
Russia Derbent (Terek) Makhachkala Volga River delta
(R1) (R2) (R3)
Oil productmunicipal, BOD, NitrogenNORM,
Pesticides, (DDTs),PСBs, Heavy metals
Priority Areas for Monitoring (2007-2008)
Environmental Quality Objectives (EQOs)Environmental Quality Objectives (EQOs)
• EQOI-Sustainable uses of the natural resources of the Caspian Sea
• EQOII-Balanced Caspian Environment including biodiversity conservation
• EQOIII-High quality of Caspian Sea, surface, and ground waters
• EQOIV-Sustainable multiple use of the Caspian Coastal Environment
• EQOV-Strengthened civil society participation for purposes of environmentally sustainable development
Current Status of CEP-Phase II(2003-2007) :
PCU relocated to Iran SAP and NCAPs are endorsed SAP and NCAPs are being implemented Framework Convention is Signed and
Ratified, Entered into force and its Protocols are being negotiated
Revisited SAP & NCAPS have paid due consideration to the provisions of the Convention and its Protocols
Teheran Convention ProcessTeheran Convention Process In June 1995, an international meeting in Tehran confirmed the five In June 1995, an international meeting in Tehran confirmed the five
countries’ willingness to cooperate in environmental matters, countries’ willingness to cooperate in environmental matters, regardless of the regardless of the legal status of the Caspian Sea. legal status of the Caspian Sea.
In May, 1998, at Ramsar, the first Steering Committee launched the In May, 1998, at Ramsar, the first Steering Committee launched the
Caspian Environment Programme, with assistance from the EU/Tacis, Caspian Environment Programme, with assistance from the EU/Tacis, UN agencies,WB and the Global Environmental Facility. UN agencies,WB and the Global Environmental Facility.
One of the main Outcome of the CEP was development of a Frame work One of the main Outcome of the CEP was development of a Frame work
Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Caspian Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Caspian SeaSea
During the ensuing years, nine working meetings were held to discuss During the ensuing years, nine working meetings were held to discuss and amend the text of the and amend the text of the Framework Convention on the Protection of Framework Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Caspian Sea (Tehran Convention), which the Marine Environment of the Caspian Sea (Tehran Convention), which was signed in November, 2003. was signed in November, 2003.
Tehran Convention entered into force on 12Tehran Convention entered into force on 12thth August 2006, announced August 2006, announced as the as the “Caspian Day”.“Caspian Day”.
Convention’s SecretariatConvention’s Secretariat
Following the signature of the Tehran Convention in 2003, Following the signature of the Tehran Convention in 2003, UNEP was assigned as Interim Secretariat.UNEP was assigned as Interim Secretariat.
Three proposals for hosting the Permanent Secretariat have Three proposals for hosting the Permanent Secretariat have been submitted by the Caspian Littoral States (Azerbaijan, been submitted by the Caspian Littoral States (Azerbaijan, I.R.Iran, and Russian FederationI.R.Iran, and Russian Federation
Political Negotiations are going on. It requires a Political Negotiations are going on. It requires a “Package “Package Deal”Deal”
At the First Conference of the Parties At the First Conference of the Parties (COP)(COP) in Baku, April 2006, in Baku, April 2006, no decision on the location of the Permanent Secretariat was no decision on the location of the Permanent Secretariat was mademade
It is envisaged to finalize the location of the Permanent It is envisaged to finalize the location of the Permanent Secretariat at the Secretariat at the Second COPSecond COP, which is to be held in Iran, which is to be held in Iran by the Summer 2008 by the Summer 2008
Second Conference of Parties (COPII)Second Conference of Parties (COPII)
will be held in I.R.Iran, Summer 2008will be held in I.R.Iran, Summer 2008
Pending few issues, negotiations on finalization of the texts for three Pending few issues, negotiations on finalization of the texts for three Protocols: Combating Pollution from Land-based Sources and Protocols: Combating Pollution from Land-based Sources and Activities; Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Activities; Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context; and Biodiversity Conservation are in progressContext; and Biodiversity Conservation are in progress
Protocol Protocol Concerning Regional Preparedness, Response and Co-Concerning Regional Preparedness, Response and Co-operation in Combating Oil Pollution Incidents will hopefully be operation in Combating Oil Pollution Incidents will hopefully be signed at the COP-IIsigned at the COP-II
Decision on the location of the Permanent Secretariat and Financial Decision on the location of the Permanent Secretariat and Financial Arrangement Arrangement
Convention and CEP alignmentConvention and CEP alignment
Other ProtocolsOther Protocols
Commendable efforts by Caspian Countries to encourageCommendable efforts by Caspian Countries to encourageinternational and regional cooperation :international and regional cooperation :
Almaty Declaration of 21 December 1991 between the four CIS countries Almaty Declaration of 21 December 1991 between the four CIS countries stating that the new states would continue fulfill international obligations of stating that the new states would continue fulfill international obligations of the USSR.the USSR.
Tehran Communique of October 1992, which committed the states to Tehran Communique of October 1992, which committed the states to
cooperation in environmental management of the Caspian Sea. cooperation in environmental management of the Caspian Sea. Astrakhan Communique of 1993, which reinforced the need to cooperate in Astrakhan Communique of 1993, which reinforced the need to cooperate in
environmental matters.environmental matters. Almaty Declaration of Cooperation in the Field of Environmental Protection Almaty Declaration of Cooperation in the Field of Environmental Protection
(May, 1994)(May, 1994)
Agreed on the need to jointly implement the Convention on Biodiversity Agreed on the need to jointly implement the Convention on Biodiversity and a and a project for protecting the biodiversity of the Caspian and its coastal project for protecting the biodiversity of the Caspian and its coastal zone, to cooperate in environmental protection of the sea and sustainable zone, to cooperate in environmental protection of the sea and sustainable management of its resourcesmanagement of its resources
Called on the international community to support the implementation of Called on the international community to support the implementation of an environmental programme.an environmental programme.
Commendable efforts (cont.):Commendable efforts (cont.):
In June 1995, an international meeting in In June 1995, an international meeting in Tehran confirmed the five countries’ Tehran confirmed the five countries’ willingness to cooperate in environmental willingness to cooperate in environmental matters, regardless of the legal status of the matters, regardless of the legal status of the Caspian Sea.Caspian Sea.
In May, 1998, at Ramsar, the first Steering In May, 1998, at Ramsar, the first Steering
Committee launched the Caspian Environment Committee launched the Caspian Environment Programme, deciding on Baku, Azerbaijan, as Programme, deciding on Baku, Azerbaijan, as the location for the PCU for the first four years the location for the PCU for the first four years of the CEP, and initiating implementation with of the CEP, and initiating implementation with assistance from the EU/Tacis, UN agencies, assistance from the EU/Tacis, UN agencies, WB and the Global Environmental Facility. WB and the Global Environmental Facility.
The Caspian Sea: Restoring Depleted The Caspian Sea: Restoring Depleted Fisheries and Consolidation of a Permanent Fisheries and Consolidation of a Permanent
Regional Environmental Governance Regional Environmental Governance FrameworkFramework
PIF and PPG approved by the GEF CEO in PIF and PPG approved by the GEF CEO in February 2008February 2008
PPG April – September 2008PPG April – September 2008 Start Implementation of the CEP III- October-Start Implementation of the CEP III- October-
November 2008November 2008
Visit CEPVisit CEP