Post on 11-Apr-2017
AllCEUs.com
Dr. Dawn-Elise Snipes PhD, LPC-MHSP, LMHC, NCC, SPARC
Executive Director, AllCEUs.com
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Define recidivism
Compare and contrast relapse and recidivism
Explore motivations and interventions for recidivism and relapse
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Recidivism is the return to criminal behavior after being incarcerated or not offending for a period
Relapse is the return to addictive behavior after being “clean” for a while.
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Sober Behavior Addicted/Criminal Behavior
Honesty
Hope and Faith
Discipline/Patience
Courage/Self-Confidence
Integrity
Manipulation Discontent Impulsiveness/Irrespon
sibility Defensiveness/Gives
up easily Pleasure focused
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Cognitive◦ Expectations of discrimination
◦ Immediate gratification/Lack of time perspective
◦ Illusion of uniqueness
◦ Sense of entitlement
◦ Lack of coping skills
◦ Possible learning disabilities
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Emotional◦ Mood disorders
Depression
Anxiety
ADD/ADHD
Bipolar
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Social◦ Family and friends may engage in
criminal/addictive behavior, but may have to live with them
◦ Discrimination/Judgment from macrosystem(church, job, neighbors, kids’ school)
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Environmental◦ Difficulty finding housing
◦ Difficulty getting loans for cars or housing
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Poverty Guidelines
Household Poverty 200% +/-
1 $11,880 $23,700
2 16,020 $32,000
3 20,160 $40,000
4 24,300 $48,600
Food Stamps
Temporary Aid to Needy Families
Insurance◦ Health
◦ Social Security Disability (pays up to 80% average earnings)
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“Give a high-risk offender a job, a home, and increase their self esteem without addressing their criminogenic needs, and what you will have is a thug with a job and a place to crash that feels good about his or her self.”
CNs are those factors that which, when modified reduce the likelihood of reoffending.
What does committing crime do for them…
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Low self-control, i.e., impulsive behavior ◦ Identify the function of these behaviors for the individual
◦ Teach Coping Skills
◦ Teach Distress Tolerance
◦ Develop Self-Esteem
◦ Address cognitive errors and misattributions
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Anti-social personality traits, i.e., lack of empathy ◦ Ask (yourself) why did these develop or why did he or she
fail to develop empathy
◦ Teach perspective taking
◦ Address cognitive errors such as blaming and throwing focus
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Anti-social values, i.e., disassociation from the law-abiding community ◦ Revisit how these values were developed
◦ Explore exceptions to these values
“It’s okay to take what you want from someone if they already have enough”
“I shouldn’t have to work at a job I don’t like that pays poorly”
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Criminal peers
Substance abuse
Dysfunctional family
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Safe housing
Prosocial peer group
Rewarding activities (what did you enjoy about your criminal activities)
Coping and self-control skills◦ Create a Goal Map
6 months from now you want to have X is this behavior going to get you closer to or further from that goal
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Look for exceptions◦ When you were/are not planning, engaging in or
recovering from the criminal behaviors, what were/are you doing?
◦ When you were in jail you envisioned a different lifestyle. Describe that…
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Conduct a skills analysis◦ Try using a transferrable skills checklist
http://careercenter.missouristate.edu/assets/careercenter/Transferable_Skills_Checklist.pdf
◦ Onet: https://www.onetonline.org/find/descriptor/browse/Interests/
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Initially the person needs: ◦ To be motivated to not reoffend
◦ A set of rewards for positive behavior and punishing sanctions for criminal behavior
◦ Consistency
◦ Employment
◦ Safe housing
◦ Medication for underlying mental health issues
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Ultimately the person needs: ◦ To be motivated to not reoffend
Law-abiding behavior must be more rewarding…
◦ To have skills that enable him/her to tolerate distress and address cognitive distortions
◦ A supportive, pro-social group of friends
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