Post on 11-Feb-2016
description
Recent Developments and Policy Implications for Port Modernization in
the MediterraneanVincent F. Valentine
Officer-in-Charge, Transport SectionDivision on Technology and Logistics
Parliamentary Assembly of the Mediterranean 2013
Contents
1. Overview2. Infrastructure3. Funding4. UNCTAD’s Work5. Policy Implications
1. Overview
Shipping in the Mediterranean
Source: Lloyd’s List Intelligence 28th May 2013 18.47hrs
PAM region Top 10 Container ports
Port Name 2008 2009 2010 2011
Preliminary figures for
2012Valencia 3'602'112 3'653'890 4'206'937 4'327'371 4'651'924 Port Said 3'186'589 3'300'951 3'474'792 4'272'060 4'592'465 Algeciras 3'324'310 3'042'759 2'810'242 3'602'631 4'070'791 Ambarli 2'262'086 1'836'030 2'540'353 2'697'891 2'900'233 Marsaxlokk 2'334'182 2'260'000 2'370'729 2'360'489 2'537'526 Gioia Tauro 3'467'772 2'857'440 2'851'261 2'304'982 2'477'856 Tangier 919'360 1'222'000 2'058'430 2'083'000 2'239'225 Barcelona 2'569'550 1'800'213 1'945'735 2'033'549 2'186'065 Genoa 1'766'605 1'533'627 1'758'858 1'847'102 1'985'635 Piraeus 433'582 664'895 878'083 1'680'133 1'806'143
Source: UNCTAD Estimates (2013)
Valencia
Source: Lloyd’s List Intelligence 28th May 2013 18.57hrs
PAM region - Port Throughput
Source: UNCTAD (2013) Review of Maritime Transport Forthcoming
UN Country 2008 2009 2010 2011Preliminary
figures for 2012Spain 10'728'506 9'653'300 10'209'527 11'375'949 12'427'107 Italy 10'530'214 9'532'462 9'787'403 9'529'351 10'179'439 Egypt 6'074'845 6'219'450 6'673'416 7'699'515 8'276'978 Turkey 5'218'316 4'521'713 5'574'018 5'990'103 6'439'361 Malta 2'407'332 2'323'941 2'450'665 2'444'981 2'628'355 Israel 2'089'900 2'033'000 2'281'552 2'394'000 2'623'087 Morocco 919'360 1'222'000 2'058'430 2'083'000 2'239'225 Greece 672'522 935'076 1'165'185 1'973'864 2'121'904 Portugal 1'297'402 1'233'482 1'622'247 1'758'167 1'962'035 France 847'651 882'580 953'435 944'674 1'062'408 Lebanon 861'931 994'601 949'155 1'034'249 882'922 Syrian Arab Republic 610'607 685'299 649'005 685'998 737'448 Jordan 582'515 674'525 619'000 654'283 703'354 Romania 1'380'935 594'299 556'694 662'796 684'059 Slovenia 353'880 343'165 476'731 589'314 570'744 Tunisia 424'780 418'884 466'398 492'983 529'956 Cyprus 416'970 353'913 349'357 360'652 387'701 Algeria 225'140 250'095 279'785 295'733 317'913 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 174'827 158'988 184'585 195'106 209'739 Bulgaria 203'253 136'444 142'611 150'740 162'045 Croatia 168'761 130'740 137'048 144'860 155'724 Albania 46'798 68'780 86'875 91'827 98'714 Grand Total 46'236'445 43'366'737 47'673'121 51'552'144 55'400'218
2. Infrastructure
Parameter UnitSurface
(ha)Quay (km)
Berths (#)
STS (MHC)
STS (Gantries)
Capacity (2011)*
Throughput (2011)*
Utilization rate
West (Europe) Med 1,106 32 105 29 207 32 21 68%Adriatic 215 5 19 5 33 4 2 59%Greece & Turkey 421 15 64 64 63 13 8 62%Levant 543 13 50 9 94 14 11 80%North Africa 80 2 6 1 16 3 2 67%Grand total 1'259 67 244 108 413 65 45 68%* millions
Utilization rate and Growth
Parameter UnitSurface
(ha)Quay (km)
Berths (#)
STS (MHC)
STS (Gantries)
Capacity (new)
Capacity (2012)
Capacity (2021) Growth
West (Europe) Med 500 11.4 36 1 94 14.1 34 44.7 31%Adriatic 59 1.9 7 1 15 1.8 4 5.6 47%Greece & Turkey 254 6.9 32 -4 78 11.4 14 24.8 82%Levant 290 7.7 27 -2 73 12.5 14 24.4 74%North Africa 136 2.8 7 0 28 4.8 3 7.8 160%Grand total 1'238 31 109 -4 288 45 69 107 56%
Source: UNCTAD derived from Dynamar (2013) Container Throughput and Terminal Capacity in the Mediterranean
STS - Ship to ShoreMHC - Mobile Harbour Cranes
PAM Region - TEU Capacity Growth Forecast
Western (Europe)Mediterranean
31%
North Africa 160%
Adriatic47%
Levant74%
Greece & Turkey82%
Source: Dynamar (2013) Container Throughput and Terminal Capacity in the Mediterranean
Future utilization
• Mediterranean terminal capacity is set to grow from 69 million TEU in 2011 to 113 million TEU by 2021, an increase of 66%.*
• Volumes during the same period are expected to increase by 83% from 45.1 million TEU in 2011 to 82.7 million in 2021 pushing utilization average rates to 73%.
Source: Dynamar (2013) Container Throughput and Terminal Capacity in the Mediterranean
*including Black Sea Ports
Future Capacity Variations by sub-region(based upon 75% utilization)
Source: Dynamar (2013) Container Throughput and Terminal Capacity in the Mediterranean
N.B. North Africa based on Tangier Med port
Maximum vessel size
TEU
Vessels
Services
Companies
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Average (159 countries)Average (159 countries)
Trends
Source: UNCTAD Liner Shipping Connectivity Index – RMT various years
3. Funding
Sources of International and Regional FundingTotal lending* Infrastructure
lendingTransport Sector
lending ***Transportation Sector Share
European Investment Bank$57.6 billion (EUR 44.8 billion)
$13 billion (EUR 10.1 billion)
23%
Asian Development Bank $21.6 billion $5 billion 25%International Bank for Reconstruction and development /International Development Assn.
$35.3 billion $4.4 billion 13%
International Finance Corporation
$15.5 billion $1.5 billion
Inter American Development Bank
$11.4 billion $1.7 Billion 15%
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
$7.7 billion (EUR 6 billion)
$1.6 billion (EUR 1,3 billion)
21%
African Development Bank$8.8 billion (UA 5.7 billion)
$2.4 billion ** (UA 1.57 billion)
$1.5 billion (UA 1 billion)
63%
* For 2012** For 2011
Source: Compiled by UNCTAD secretariat from various annual accounts 2012
*** May include other sectors e.g. communication or environment
Infrastructure Investment FundsFund Firm Size Region
Global Infrastructure Partners II Global Infrastructure Partners 8,250 Global
Global Infrastructure Partners Global Infrastructure Partners 5,640 Global
Energy Capital Partners II Energy Capital Partners 4,335 North America
EIG Energy Fund XV EIG Global Energy Partners 4,121 Global
Alinda Infrastructure Fund II Alinda Capital Partners 4,097 North America, Europe
Morgan Stanley Infrastructure Partners Morgan Stanley Infrastructure 4,000 Global
Citi Infrastructure Partners Citi Infrastructure Investors 3,400 OECD
ArcLight Energy Partners Fund V ArcLight Capital Partners 3,310 North America, Europe
GS Infrastructure Partners II GS Infrastructure Investment Group 3,100 North America, Europe
Brookfield Americas Infrastructure Fund Brookfield Asset Management 2,655 North America, South America
Source: (Preqin, 2012) The 2012 Preqin Infrastructure Review
International Terminal Operators
Source: Drewry (2012) Global Container Terminal Operators Annual Report
4. UNCTAD’s Work
AnalysisPort Performance Research Network
Publication
Review of Maritime Transport
TransportNewsletter
Data
Port Training Programme
UNCTAD’s - Network
Portal/ Index ?
IAPH PMAESA
PMAWCA AAPA
Trade Logistics Branch, DTL/UNCTAD
AcademicJournals
Civil Society
ESPO Other Ports
Collaboration
UNCTAD Secretariat
PAM ?
JOC Port Productivity Index
Challenges
Changing Trade Patterns
CO2 Emissions
Bigger Customer
$
5. Policy Implications
Policy ImplicationsGovernments need to find funding for port
improvements (infra & superstructures) in a sustainable way so that future maintenance costs are easy to raise.
Increased attention to port benchmarking means industry will play a greater role in monitor efficiency.
Environmental concerns are fundamental to any development plan whether it be reporting, adaption or mitigation.
Main Sources
Dynamar UNCTADDrewry