Post on 13-Jan-2015
description
Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.)
1. About This Course
2. Presentation and assessmentA. Class Projects (CLS PRJ)
3. Review of Syllabus
4. Resources
5. Training Outline (beta)
6. Communication
A quote on Beginnings
"Before you begin a thing, remind yourself that difficulties and delays quite impossible to foresee are ahead. If you could see them clearly, naturally you could do a great deal to get rid of them but you can't. You can only see one thing clearly and that is your goal. Form a mental vision of that and cling to it through thick and thin"Kathleen Norris
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 4
Course Scope
Systematic theoretical and laboratory study of physical properties of petroleum reservoir rocks; STRUCTURE AND
PROPERTIES OF POROUS MEDIACoring and Rock sample
preparation
Porosity• Measurement of
Porosity by saturation method and helium porosimeter
• Compressibility
• grain size and pore size distribution of formation
Permeability• effective permeability
by using liquid & gas
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 5
Course Scope (Cont.)
STATICS OF FLUIDS IN POROUS MEDIASaturation
• Measurement of fluid Saturation by extraction method, retort method
• Resistivity
Multiphase Phenomena (Fluid flow in porous media, fluid-rock interaction)
• Surface tension and wettability
• Capillary pressure
o capillary
characteristics by porous plate method and mercury injection method
• Relative permeability
Heterogeneity
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 6
Course Description
This course is prepared for: 1 semester (or credit) hours and meets for a total of 2
hours a week.
Sophomore or junior level students (BS degrees)
(Major) Petroleum engineering students(Minors) Production, Drilling and reservoir engineering students
Prerequisites: general petrology.
Main objectives:The aim of the laboratory experiments is to give the
students better understanding of reservoir rocks and the factors that affect the fluid flow within the porous media
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 7
Learning and Teaching Strategies
This course promotes interactive and thorough engagement in the learning process.
It is essential that you take responsibility for your own learning, and that I facilitate that learning by establishing a supportive as well as challenging environment.
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 8
Proposed study method
When studying petroleum engineering, it is important to realize that the things you are learning today will be important to you for the rest of your career. Hence,
you shouldn’t just learn things simply to pass exams!
You will gain maximum benefit from this course by approaching each lecture and in-class activity with an inquiring mind and a critical, analytical attitude.
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 9
Study recommendations
In covering the material in the course, I recommend that you follow the procedure outlined below: Carefully read the entire chapter
to familiarize yourself with the material.
Locate the topic area in your text book and study this material in conjunction with the course material.
Attempt the examples before all tutorials. When you feel that you have mastered a topic area,
attempt the problem for the topic.
You are required to complete the assigned readings prior to lectures. This will help your active participation in class activities.
Self-study in advance is always more beneficial.
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 10
Main Objectives (minimum skills to be achieved/demonstrated)By the last day of class, the student should be able to:
Define porosity, discuss the factors which effect porosity, and describe the methods of determining values of porosity.
Define the coefficient of isothermal compressibility of reservoir rock and describe methods for determining values of formation compressibility.
describe methods for determining values of absolute permeability.
Explain boundary tension and wettability and their effect on capillary pressure, describe methods of determining values of capillary pressure, and convert laboratory capillary pressure values to reservoir conditions.
Describe methods of determining fluid saturations in reservoir rock and show relationship between fluid saturation and capillary pressure.
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 12
Main Objectives (minimum skills to be achieved/demonstrated) (Cont.)Define resistivity, electrical formation resistivity factor,
resistivity index, saturation exponent, and cementation factor and show their relationship and uses; discuss laboratory measurement of electrical properties of reservoir rocks; and demonstrate the calculations necessary in analyzing laboratory measurements.
Define effective permeability, relative permeability, permeability ratio; reproduce typical relative permeability curves and show effect of saturation history on relative permeability; illustrate the measurement of relative permeability; and demonstrate some uses of relative permeability data.
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 13
Minor Objectives (other skills to be achieved/demonstrated)Describe three-phase flow in reservoir rock and
explain methods of displaying three-phase effective permeabilities, including ternary diagrams.
Demonstrate the techniques of averaging porosity, permeability, and reservoir pressure data.
Demonstrate capability to perform calculations relating to all concepts above.
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 14
Laboratory related outcomes
Apply the knowledge of mathematics, geology, physics, chemistry as well as other engineering sciences.
Conduct experiments safely and accurately and to be able to correctly analyze the results.
Design an engineering process or system to meet desired needs.
Identify, formulate and solve engineering problems.
Understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global, economic, environmental and societal contest.
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 15
Side Objectives
Communicational skillsCommunicate
successfully and effectively.
Understand professional and ethical responsibilities.
Work in a team environment
Familiarize with English language
Academic skillsSystematic research
Reporting
Management skillsProject time
Computer knowledgeUnderstand the use of
modern techniques, skills and modern engineering toolsApplication of internet
and EmailMicrosoft OfficeProfessional software
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 16
Presentations (Lectures)
Each session Consists of different sections (about 4-5 sections)Consists of about 35 slides Is divided into 2 parts with short break timeWould be available online
The teaching approach to be employed will involve lectures and tutorials.
Lecture presentations cover theoretical and practical aspects, which are also described in the supporting academic texts and teaching resources.You are encouraged to ask questions and express feedback
during classes. You are expected to read prescribed materials in advance of classes to enable active participation.
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 18
Timing
Last Session (Review)
session Outlook
Presentation A
Break Time
Presentation B
Next Session Topics
Last session (Review)
Session Outlook
Presentation ABreak Time
Presentation B
Next Session Topics
Roll Call
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 19
Assessment Criteria
Basis for Course Grade:Final exam
(Close book)
AttendanceClass activities
Class ProjectsExaminations
Grade Range:90 ≤ A ≤100 (18 ≤ A ≤20)80 ≤ B ≤ 90 (16 ≤ B ≤18)70 ≤ C ≤ 80 (14 ≤ C ≤16)60 ≤ D ≤ 70 (12 ≤ D ≤14)F < 60 (F <12)
Final exam
Attendance
Class activities
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 20
Previous Term Scores out of 20 (Q922)
10.0
15.0
20.0
F DE1 F DE2 F LOG F RE2 F RFP
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 21
Previous Term (Q922)Attendance percentageStudents are
expected to be regular and punctual in attendance at all lectures and tutorials. Attendance
will be recorded when applicable.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
DE1 DE2 LOG RE2 RFP
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 22
CLS PRJ Topics:
These are intended topics, addition and/or deletion of certain problems may occur as other problems become available. Multiple assignments from each topic are possible.Porosity (fundamentals and
laboratory measurements).Permeability (fundamentals
and laboratory measurements).
Compressibility of reservoir rocks (derivations/applications).
Flow in channels and
layered reservoir systems (derivations/applications).
Capillary pressure (fundamentals, laboratory measurements, and correlations).
Electrical properties (fundamentals and laboratory measurements).
Relative permeability (fundamentals, laboratory measurements, and correlations).
Statistical analysis and correlation of reservoir data.
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 24
Format of the Report:
Title page: Course number, course name,
Experiment number & title, Lab date, Names of the lab group
Sections to include in each report Introduction
Objective/purpose of the experiment Scope of the experiment / Importance
of the parameters measured How (in general) you obtained the
information you are reporting
Methods Describe Equipment Experimental procedure (write it in your
own words) Methods of analysis (if appropriate) How did you analyze the data (principle
/ equations used)
Results: State/tabulate/plot results as applicable Report both observed and measured
results
Discussion: Discuss the importance of results Tie the results of this study to previous
knowledge/works Comment on the quality of results
Conclusions: Findings in the study (stick to the results
you measured)
References Appendices
Raw Data tables Must include sample calculations Derivation of equations (if applicable)
Report late submission Policy: Report must be submitted one week
after experiment unless asked otherwise. Deduction of 10% grade per late submission will be applied.
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 25
Deliverable Format Guidelines
General Instructions: You must use predefined templates for reporting the
projects
Follow predefine instructions
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 26
Safety:
Wear safety goggles when working in the lab Lab coats or aprons should be worn when appropriate Flip flops and sandals are prohibited Restrain loose clothing, hair and jewelry Never work alone or without an instructor present Never leave heat sources unattended Do not eat, drink or smoke in the lab Dispose of waste properlyWash hands after spill Report any accidents to the instructor Avoid direct contacts with chemicals and reagents
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 28
سرفصل آزمایشگاه خواص سنگ مخزن(مصوب وزارت علوم)مغزه گیری
روش های مغزه برداریآزمایش های مغزهنگه داری و آنالیز مغزه های سنگی
تخلخلآزمایشگاهی تخلخلگیریاندازه
تراواییتراواییآزمایشگاهیگیریاندازه
(مایع +گاز)مطلق
اشباعاشباعتعیینآزمایشگاهیروشهای
مخزنسنگمعایببیانبیان مزایااشباعهایدادهاعتبارارزیابی
تراکم پذیریتراکمگیری آزمایشگاهیاندازه
پذیری
خواص الکتریکیضریبآزمایشگاهیگیریاندازه
سازندالکتریکیمقاومت
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 30
زنسرفصل آزمایشگاه خواص سنگ مخ(ادامه( )مصوب وزارت علوم)فشار مویین
گیریاندازهروشهای آزمایشگاهیمویینگی،فشارمویینگی،فشارمنحنیویژگیهایفشار آزمایشگاهیهایدادهتبدیل
میدان،دراستفادهجهتمویینگیبامویینگیفشارمتوسطتعیین
،Jرابطهازاستفادهبا عمقنفتاشباعمیزانتعیین
مویینگی،فشارمنحنیمتوسطفشارریاضیرابطهتوسعه
سانتریفوژ،آزمایشدرمویینگی
التراوایی دو فازی و جابجایی سیگیریاندازهآزمایشگاهیروشهای
نسبیتراوایی(غیر یکنواختویکنواختروش )
هایدادهازنسبیتراواییتعیینمویینگی،فشارتراواییگیریاندازهبرموثرعوامل
نسبی،هایدادهدرخاصویژگیها
نسبی،تراواییونسبیتراواییهایدادهارزیابی
،coreyرابطه توان هایتعییندرنسبیتراواییهایدادهاهمیت
Summer 14 H. AlamiNiaفازیمحاسبهسیستمهای Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 31
زنسرفصل آزمایشگاه خواص سنگ مخ(ادامه( )مصوب وزارت علوم)باو فرجخللتوزیعتعیین
ازاستفاده
جریان سیاالت در محیط هایمتخلخلده مطالعه جریان سیاالت با استفا
از مدل های ساده الکتریکی و زنالکترولیتی در شبیه سازی مخ
ناهمگونی(Heterogeniety) مخازن درناهمگونیتعریفواهمیت
عمقی،ناهمگونیسطحی،سازی ناهمگونیکمی
لورنزوپارسونردایکستراروشهایاز
ترشوندگی وسطحیکششترشوندگی،گیریاندازهوآموتروشهایUSB ،آموت
تماسزاویهوهاروی
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 32
Extra (Beyond scope)
Statistical analysis and correlation of reservoir dataTreating Experimental Data
Simulating experiments using relevant software
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 33
واص منابع پیشنهادی درس آزمایشگاه خسیاالت مخزن
منابعی ارایه نشده است.
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 35
Texts and Materials:
(ABT) Torsæter, O., and M. Abtahi. "Experimental reservoir engineering laboratory work book."
(Q923+RFL+L00) Lecture notes from classThese materials may include
handouts provided in class.
computer files available on the course weblog
…
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 36
Class Lectures
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 37
Major References
Mostafa Mahmoud Abdel Latief Kinawy, "Lecture of Reservoir Engineering Laboratory“ Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Department of King Saud University (2009).
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 38
Side References
Ahmed, T. (2010). Reservoir engineering handbook (Gulf Professional Publishing). Chapters:
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 39
(کمکی)منابع فارسی (ترجمه )سیالوی، رحیم .
مهندسی مخازن . 1386هیدروکربوری
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 40
Class Schedule (Beta)
Lec. 1 Introduction
Lec. 2
Lec. 3
Lec. 4
Lec. 5
Lec. 6
Lec. 7
Lec. 8
Lec. 9
Lec. 10
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 42
Details (Beta)
Date Lecture Topic Reading Assignment (prior to class)
01
02
03
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 43
Communication Methods
Preferred methodsBreak time and mid class
First Point of Contact via email (Limited)Will be answered with
some delay (an hour to a week according to importance and requirements)
Mention your personal and educational info in emails (Name, Student #, Course title, Subject)
Avoid following communication methodsAppointments
Phone calls
Short Message Service (SMS)
Instant message (IM) chats
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 45
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Class schedule:Almost all sessions will
be held
Preferred topics:Course related
Research study
Paper for International conferences
Articles for national journals
Avoided helps:Other courses
Sources, exams, exercises, class works and so on
B.Sc. ThesisAside supervised ones
M.Sc. Conquer
Trainee
Private class
Educational problems
Personal problems
National conference paper
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 46
Summer 14 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Rock Laboratory Course (1st Ed.) 47