Post on 30-Dec-2015
description
Psychology 100:12
Chapter 5
Sensation &
Perception
Part V
Outline• Attention
> Cells phones and driving
• Data collection> Group Sign up
> Four options
Study Question:
• Why might a proponent of Kahneman’s attention theory feel that driving a car while talking on a cell phone is a bad idea?
Attention• The cell phone diversion
– Strayer’s Research> The inattentional blindness hypothesis
Cell-phone conversation disrupts performance by diverting attention from the external environment associated with the driving task to the cellphone converstation.
> What about strategic reallocation? There are important and unimportant objects
> Two-Alternative forced choice recognition Drivers rated the importance of the items.
> Performance was significantly poorer in the dual task. even when fixation duration is controlled. Absolutely no effect of the importance of the object on the
inattentional blindness effect.
Attention
Attention• The cell phone diversion
– Strayer’s Research>Conversing on the phone vs. with a passenger
>Instructed to drive 8 miles down a freeway and exit at a truck stop.
Only 12% of drivers with a passenger missed the exit. About 50% talking on a cell phone missed the exit
• The passengers assisted the drivers
Attention
Attention• The cell phone diversion
– Strayer’s Research>Conversing and driving vs. drinking and driving
Car-tailing paradigm Compared .08% alcohol intoxication with hands held
and hands free.• No differences were observed between the cell
phone conditions• Both Alcohol and phone groups showed impaired
driving• 4 of the cell phones talkers rear-ended the pace
car (none of the drinkers had a collision)
Attention
• Sign-up– Groups of 4-6
> Minimal Shuffling> Contact information
– Four options> 3 in class experiments> One option for collecting your own data
Lab Day
• Response sheet– Groups of 4-6
> Minimal Shuffling> Contact information
– Four options> 3 in class experiments> One option for collecting your own data
Lab Day
• Data Set 1– Response Sheet
> 1-8 for ‘handedness’> 1 - 16 for ‘emotion judgment’
Lab Day
• Handedness– For the following items use the following numerical answer key
Always Left Sometimes left Both Always right Sometimes right-2 -1 0 1 2
1. Which hand do you use to hold scissors?
2. With which hand do you draw?
3. With which hand do you deal cards?
4. Which hand do you use to hold a toothbrush when cleaning teeth?
5. With which hand do you throw a ball?
6. Which hand do you use to hold a hammer?
7. With which hand do you turn a key?
8. With which hand do you stir with a spoon?
• Add the responses together to get a “total”
Lab Day
• Emotion judgement– Instructions
> For each of the following pairs of pictures indicate (top or bottom) which person looks happier.
Lab Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
• Emotion judgement– Scoring
> B> T> T> B> B> B> T> B> T> B> B> T> T> T> B> T
Lab Day
• Indicate the total number (out of 16) of you answers that correspond with the answers given to the left.
• Data Set 2– Instructions
>You will see a series of statements, each describing a person performing some type of behavior.
>Each person belongs to either Group A or Group B.
>After all statements have been presented, you will respond with your impressions.
Lab Day
• John visited a friend in the hospital.
• Allen dented the fender of a parked car and didn’t leave his name.
• Bill is rarely late for work.
• Bob helped a child.
• Tom shared his lunch with a co-worker.
• Scott cheated on an exam.
• Alan planted seedlings in a park.
• Henry went out of his way to return a lost wallet to the owner.
• Nathan took neighborhood kids swimming.
• John is considered a very dependable co-worker.
• Chad always talks about himself and his problems.
• Josh finished his homework on time.
• Lane is well-like by his colleagues.
• Davis read a story to his daughter.
• Ron made prank phone calls to his teacher.
• Bruce never returns library books on time.
• Ken helped a lost child in a supermarket.
• David converses easily with people he doesn’t know well.
• Fred gave blood to the Red Cross.
• Alex kicked a dog.
• Devin donated his clothes to charity.
• Mark learned how to fly an airplane.
• Gary earned an “A” on his research paper.
• Ted ran a red light.
• Jeff volunteered to tutor needy students.
• Richard yelled at a boy who bumped into him.
• Eric drove his elderly neighbor to the grocery store.
• Vincent forgot about his job interview.
• Keith organized a birthday party for a friend.
• Colin works out to keep himself in good shape.
• Robert talks with food in his mouth.
• Scott received a promotion at work.
• Norman often tailgates when he is driving
• Eliot sings in the church choir.
• William rarely washes his car.
• Pete is recognized as an excellent musician.
• Don took a hurt stray dog to the vet.
• Roger repaired his neighbor’s lawnmower.
• Craig helped a friend move.
Done!
Group Ratings
Attribute: Group A Group B
Popular
Lazy
Unhappy
Intelligent
Honest
Irresponsible
Helpful
Unpopular
• Construct the table below.
Group Ratings
• Your next task is to rate each of the groups.– Use the scale below:
1: Strongly Disagree
7: Strongly Agree
– You should use intermediate values as well as these two extremes.
Lab Day
Group Ratings
Attribute: Group A Group B
Popular
Lazy
Unhappy
Intelligent
Honest
Irresponsible
Helpful
Unpopular
1: Strongly Disagree - 7: Strongly Agree
• Data Set 3– Response Sheet
> Indicate your Sex (M or F)
Lab Day
• Consider the following:
Lab Day1. What figure best
represents your figure?
2. What figure best represents what you would like to look like?
3. What figure best represents what the opposite sex finds most attractive?
4. What figure from the opposite sex do you find most attractive?
• Option 4– Collect data on “Facism”– Design your own
experiment or descriptive study
> Form your own hypotheses Explore different forms of
media Male or female oriented
magazines ??
Lab Day