Post on 14-Jan-2016
Protestant ReformationProtestant Reformation
Analyze these WoodcutsAnalyze these Woodcuts Both by Lucas Cranach, 1521Both by Lucas Cranach, 1521
Problems with the ChurchProblems with the Church
Feared it was becoming too ______________Feared it was becoming too ______________ People losing respect for _____________People losing respect for _____________ Church paying for elaborate Renaissance artChurch paying for elaborate Renaissance art
Who is really paying?Who is really paying? Pope Leo X needs money to build __________Pope Leo X needs money to build __________ Will raise money by selling ____________Will raise money by selling ____________
Pardons issued by the Pope to ________ their time Pardons issued by the Pope to ________ their time in Purgatory in Purgatory
People turning from Church and more to state - People turning from Church and more to state - ____________________________
Extravagant
Clergy
St. Peter’s Basilica
Indulgences Lessen
Nationalism
Early Reformers Early Reformers
John Wycliffe – John Wycliffe – church give up _______ __________church give up _______ __________ Bible into __________ languageBible into __________ language
John Hus – John Hus – burned at the stake burned at the stake for his beliefs for his beliefs against the church against the church
Earthly Possessions
Common
Protestant ReformationProtestant Reformation
Early reformers laid foundation Early reformers laid foundation Protestant Reformation: Protestant Reformation:
____________________________________________________________________ Most recognize _________ as the date for Most recognize _________ as the date for
the beginning of the reformation the beginning of the reformation
Church back to its roots
1517
Martin LutherMartin Luther
Thought the selling of Thought the selling of __________ was sinful__________ was sinful Nailed ___________ Nailed ___________ to the door of the churchto the door of the church Intended just for church leaders Intended just for church leaders
written in _________ _________written in _________ _________ Inspired discussion among _______________Inspired discussion among _______________
Because of the ________ _______ these Because of the ________ _______ these were spread throughout Europewere spread throughout Europe
Indulgences
95 Theses
Academic LatinUniversity scholars
Printing Press
Luther’s Beliefs that got him in Luther’s Beliefs that got him in troubletrouble
God’s grace can’t be earned by just ______ God’s grace can’t be earned by just ______ _______; needed _________________; needed __________
The only head of the church is _________The only head of the church is _________ Not the __________Not the __________
People should be able to ________ scripture People should be able to ________ scripture Christian practices should come directly from Christian practices should come directly from
the Biblethe Bible Translates Bible into __________ people other than Translates Bible into __________ people other than
clergy able to read scripturesclergy able to read scriptures
Good
Works Faith
Christ
Pope
Interpret
German
TroubleTrouble
Luther is _______________ by Pope Leo XLuther is _______________ by Pope Leo X To go before HRE Charles V and German To go before HRE Charles V and German
assembly in the city of Wormsassembly in the city of Worms Refused to ______________ his beliefs Refused to ______________ his beliefs Charles V issues Edict of Worms- declares:Charles V issues Edict of Worms- declares:
Luther an _____________Luther an _____________ Condemned his writings Condemned his writings
Ideas spread, by 1530s _____________ was Ideas spread, by 1530s _____________ was a recognized branch of Christianity a recognized branch of Christianity
Excommunicated
Denounce
outlaw
Lutheranism
Other ReformersOther Reformers
ZwingliZwingli – Similar to Luther, in Switzerland – Similar to Luther, in Switzerland Not supported by LutherNot supported by Luther Wanted Theocracy – Church and State the sameWanted Theocracy – Church and State the same Dies in battle against the CatholicsDies in battle against the Catholics
John Calvin –John Calvin – Predestination – God knows Predestination – God knows who will be saved before they are bornwho will be saved before they are born Can do nothing to change itCan do nothing to change it Born good or badBorn good or bad People are born bad so must have strict laws to People are born bad so must have strict laws to
maintain order maintain order
Other Reformers Cont. Other Reformers Cont.
John KnoxJohn Knox – Scotland reformer – Scotland reformer Presbyterians in the USPresbyterians in the US
Anabaptists - Anabaptists - broke away based on broke away based on baptism beliefs baptism beliefs Baptized adults (crime at the time)Baptized adults (crime at the time) Mennonites and Amish are examples Mennonites and Amish are examples
Henry VIII of England Henry VIII of England
Wife 1Catherine of Aragon
-sister-in-law-princess of Spain
“Defender of the Faith”
Daughter 1Mary
*Wants marriage to Catherine Annulled
*Catherine and nephew (HRE) Charles V don’t
*Pope Refuses to annul the marriage
*Henry and Parliament declare England no longer under the pope – church of England
*Act of Supremacy – English people must take oath of loyalty to Henry –official break from Rome
Anne Bolen
Wife 2
-Beheaded for adultery and treason
Elizabeth 1Daughter 2
Jane Seymour
Wife 3
-Dies in Childbirth
-Buried next to Henry
Edward VI – only son
Anne of Cleves
Wife 4
-Marries based on
recommendation of friend
-Thinks she’s ugly
-Annulled
Catherine Howard
Wife 5
-Had an affair
-Will be beheaded
Catherine Parr
Wife 6
Survived Henry
Divorced, beheaded, died, divorce, beheaded, survived