کاشت پر پیمانے تجارتی کی کھمبی جنرل ڈائریکٹر فورمر خان داد الله

توصیح زراعت پشاور

PROSPECTS OF MUSHROOM CULTIVATION 1. In Pakistan, mushroom cultivation has tremendous

prospect although, at present only some wild types of mushrooms are eaten by rural folk.

2. Modern technology has made possible to grow mushrooms under control and semi-control conditions.

3. Nature has gifted Pakistan with variety of environmental conditions suitable for cultivation of mushroom from sea level to high mountains, where different types of mushrooms can easily be grown round a year.

4. The simple, economical and commercial methodology for cultivation of some known edible mushrooms has been evolved in Pakistan.

1. CASH AND PROFIT VEGETABLES.1. “The profit is double of the investment in

mushroom cultivation.2. Mushroom cultivation can be profitable

as cottage industry in many parts of the country.

3. If it is developed as a cottage industry in villages and on business lines near towns and cities, the delicacy of this vegetable can become a common diet item in near future to provide cheap source of proteins, vitamins and other nutrients.

2.MUSHROOM PLACES AVAILABLE

Mushrooms may also be grown in a variety of places like, caves, ditches, huts, hovels, cottages, cellars, garages, sheds or shelters, bee hive shaped huts, thatched or meted roofs, thick green groves and gardens

3.MUSHROOM AND FOOD SECURITY

The Mushroom cultivation in Pakistan will have a significant impact on food production .

Protein content of Mushroom are 4% ,where as in dates , potatoes, lettuce and banana are 2%,1.4 %,1%,and o.6 %. The protein content of dried mushrooms have been found to be upto 36,7 % where as that of beef is only 21%.

4. MUSHROOM FOR SMALL AND LANDLESS FARMERS Farmers with small

holdings too can produce mushrooms, as large tracts of land are not needed for mushroom cultivation

Landless villagers too can practice mushroom cultivation

5.AVAILABILITY OF GROWTH MEDIUM:

Different agricultural and industrial straw wastes can be used for cultivation of mushrooms. Mostly, wheat, paddy, barley, oat and gram straw, banana, sugarcane and maize leaves etc. can be used as substrate (medium) for cultivation.

6.CONTRIBUTION TO LIVELIHOODS

Mushroom cultivation can help reduce vulnerability to poverty and strengthens livelihoods through the generation of a fast yielding and nutritious source of food and a reliable source of income.

7.YIELD OF MUSHROOM ECONOMY

Approximately, the mushrooms yield equal to 100 per cent of substrate dry weight.

8.MUSHROOM AS ENTERPRISE

Of all the enterprise opportunities for private landowners, mushroom growing has the potential for the fastest return with the lowest financial investment and minimal space needed

9.CONSIDERABLE CAPITAL Mushroom production requires

considerable capital outlay. This is usually site-specific and so generalisations concerning investment costs are not likely to be helpful. You will have to consider whether to convert radically existing buildings from other uses or develop a greenfield site

10.SAFETY NET THROUGH MUSHROOM

A safety net during critical times, preventing people falling into greater poverty;

a gap-filling activity which can help spread income and generally make poverty more bearable through improved nutrition and higher income; or

a stepping stone activity to help make people less poor, or even permanently lift them out of poverty.

11.INDEPENDENT OF SUN LIGHT

The mushrooms are independent of sun light. The mushrooms absorb oxygen and exhales carbon dioxide. Different artificially cultivated mushrooms need different range of temperature, humidity, light and ventilation.

12.MUSHROOM AND MARKETING

Market for mushrooms is growing rapidly in Pakistan because of their nice aroma, nutritious values, subtle flavor and special taste .

Marketing of mushroom is totally cash-based unlike other crops where most of the dealings are credit-based

13.MUSHROOM AS TRADE Livelihood

opportunities Trade in cultivated mushrooms can provide a readily available and important source of cash income - for men and women and the old, infirm and disabled alike

14.MUSHROOM AS NATURE ASSET Unlike wild harvested

fungi, grown mushrooms are not subject to any ecological uncertainties including habitat health, nor years of unpredictable production as a result of late or reduced rains.

15.SPAWN AND SUBSTRATE

Access to sufficient, suitable and locally-sourced substrate and spores are key determinants as to whether mushroom cultivation is likely to be successful and sustainable or not.

16.RECYCLING OF MUSHROOM SPENT

Mushroom cultivation is compatible with other farming and horticultural activities . It can be regarded as a very efficient system in recycling with no waste from production to consumption.

SOME OF THE ADVANTAGES RESULTING FROM A COOPERATIVE APPROACH Villagers become confident as

individuals in making decisions on all aspects of farming.

They are able to get credits and loans where an individual would have been denied.

There is a willingness to exchange knowledge, skills and resources at the practical level.

SOME OF THE ADVANTAGES RESULTING FROM A COOPERATIVE APPROACH When labour shortages occur, the

villagers are willing to share the workload.

The marketing costs are shared. The farmers are willing to look beyond competitiveness in marketing to the common good. They are able to make well informed decisions on the basis of shared knowledge.

As the number of cooperatives grow, more individuals become involved.