Post on 08-Jan-2016
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Properties of Solutions
CA Standards
Students know the definitions of solute and solvent.
Students know how to describe the dissolving process at the molecular level by using the concept of random molecular motion.
Students know temperature, pressure, and surface area affect the dissolving process.
Solutions are homogeneous mixtures
Solute
A solute is the dissolved substance in a solution.
Salt in salt water Sugar in soda drinks
Carbon dioxide in soda drinks
Standard 6a
·Solid in Solid-Liquid mixtures·The lesser amounts in liquid-liquid mixtures·gas in gas-liquid mixtures
A solvent is the dissolving medium in a solution.
Solvent
Water in salt water Water in soda
Standard 6a
·Liquid in Solid-Liquid mixtures·The larger amounts in liquid-liquid mixtures·Liquid in gas-liquid mixtures
Water is the universal solvent!!!
“The Solution Process” Standard 6b
http://www.learnerstv.com/animation/animation.php?ani=122&cat=chemistry
Caused by the random molecular motion of the solvent
What causes solute and solvent to become a solution?
“Factors that Affect the Solution Process”
Temperature
Agitation (stirring)
Surface Area
Pressure ( in gas and liquids)
Standard 6c
Solubility
·the ability of substance to dissolve
·amount of solute that can dissolve in 100g of water
Solubility Trends
Solids tend to dissolve best when:
· Heated· Stirred· Ground into small particles
Gases tend to dissolve best when:
· The solution is cold· Pressure is high
Solubility Chart
“Like Dissolves Like”
Fats Benzene
Steroids Hexane
Waxes Toluene
Polar and ionic solutes dissolve best in polar solvents
Nonpolar solutes dissolve best in nonpolar solvents
Inorganic Salts Water
Sugars Small alcohols
Acetic acid
Homework:
Create "Thinking Maps" for the Lecture and use that to write a short summary of the Lecture