Post on 09-May-2015
Process of elections in India
Electoral Constituencies
Electoral Constituencies: India is divided into different areas for the
purpose of elections called electoral constituencies
The voters who live in a constituency elect one representative.
Total constituencies – 543 General – 412 Reserved (SC) – 84 Reserved (ST) – 47
For Lok Sabha elections the country is divided into 543 constituencies. Each constituency has roughly equal
population living within it. The member elected from each constituency
is called ‘Member of Parliament’ or ‘MP’. Each state is sub-divided into Assembly
constituencies. The elected representatives are called -
’Members of Legislative Assembly’ or ‘MLA’ Each village or town is sub-divided into ‘wards’.
Thus, each parliamentary constituency has within it several assembly constituencies, within which are several wards.
Electoral ConstituenciesReserved
Constituencies
Some constitutions are reserved for people who come from scheduled caste (SC) and scheduled tribe (ST). This applies to ‘Other Backward Classes’ or ‘OBC’ as well.
This is to prevent domination of those with better resources and give a chance to weaker sections of society.
In an SC reserved constituency, only someone from the SC’s can stand for elections.
Karnataka - 28
State with largest number of MP’s - 80
Constituencies with one MP
Chandigarh
Sikkim
Andaman and Nicobar islands
Nagaland
Mizoram
Lakshadweep
Pondicherry
Daman and Diu
Dadra and Nagar Haveli
Voter’s List
The campaign is the period when the political parties put forward their candidates and arguments with which they hope to persuade people to vote for their candidates and parties.
Candidates are given a week to put forward their nominations.
Polling is normally held on a number of different days in different constituencies, to enable the security forces and those monitoring the election to keep law and order and ensure that voting during the election is fair
Nomination of candidates
For every constituency, there is a voters list Article 326 of the Constitution, and Sec. 19 of R. P. Act, 1950 stipulate that the minimum age for registration of a voter is 18 years.
Earlier, the age for registration of a voter was 21 years. Through the 61st amendment Act, 1988 of the Constitution read with Act 21 of 1989 amending the R. P. Act, 1950, the minimum age of registration of a voter has been brought down to 18 years. This has been made effective from 28th March, 1989.
A person who is not a citizen of India cannot be registered as a voter.
A person cannot be enrolled as a voter in more than one place in the same constituency or in more than one constituency
Election campaign
Polling and Counting of votes
PRE -ELECTIONS At first before the elections the dates of nomination, polling and counting takes place.
The model code of conduct comes in force from the day the dates are announced.
The code of conduct stipulates that campaigning be stopped 48 hours prior to polling day.
VOTING DAY Government schools and colleges are chosen as
polling stations. The Collector of each district is in charge of polling.
Government employees are employed to many of the polling stations.
Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) are being increasingly used instead of ballot boxes to prevent election fraud via booth capturing, which is heavily prevalent in certain parts of India.
An indelible ink is applied usually on the left index finger of the voter as an indicator that the voter has cast his vote.
POST ELECTIONS
After the election day, the EVMs are stored in a strong room under heavy security. After the different phases of the elections are complete, a day is set to count the votes.
The votes are tallied typically, the verdict is known within hours. The candidate who has mustered the most votes is declared the winner of the constituency.
The party or coalition that has won the most seats is invited by the President to form the new government.
Election commission
Election Commission of India is a body that is constitutionally empowered to conduct free and fair elections to the national and state legislatures.
The decisions of the Election Commission are taken by a majority vote.
Naveen Chandra Hale Mani is the present Chief Election Commissioner.
INTRODUCTION
The President of India appoints the two Election Commissioners. They have tenure of 6 years, or up to the age of 65 ; which ever is earlier. Sixty five however is the age limit.
The salary and other conditions of service of the Election Commissioner are determined by the Parliament of India through - "Election Commission Act 1991.”
APPOINTMENT AND REMOVAL
CURRENT AFFAIRS The Election Commission currently
consists of the Chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners.
Commission's Notice to Sri Rahul Gandhi for communal speech.
Instructions of the Commission with respect to use of Social Media in Election Campaigning.
Commission's order to Sri Kailas Vijay
Vargas.
1. Electoral constituencies(reserved constituencies)-jagriti DONE !!!!!!!!!!!
2. Voters list-thania3. Nomination of candidates-thania4. Election campaign-craig5. Polling and counting of votes-shreya6. Election commision-melvin