Présentationtechnico-commerciale

de Ruby on RailsYann Klis, juin 2013

RubyonRails

RubyonRails

interprété> 1 + 1=> 2

gestion de la mémoire

Garbage Collector

orienté objet pur> 1 + 1=> 2> 1.send(:+, 1)=> 2

orienté objet pur> nil.nil ?=> true

orienté objet pur> true.class=> TrueClass

dynamique> ary = []=> []> ary.class.class_eval { attr_accessor :total_entries}=> nil> ary.total_entries = 42=> 42> ary.total_entries=> 42

class Printing def method_missing(m, *args) if (name = /^test_(.+)$/.match(m.id2name)) print name[1] end endEnd

> printing = Printing.new> printing.test_hello=> "hello"> printing.test_pipo=> "pipo"

dynamique

blocklambda, fonction anonyme, etc.

> ["a","b","c"].each_with_index{|element,i| puts i}012

blocklambda, fonction anonyme, etc.

> ["a", "b", "c"].map{|element| element.upcase}=> ["A", "B", "C"]

lisibilité> 5.times { print "Odelay!" }

> Exit unless "restaurant".include?("aura")

> ['toast', 'cheese', 'wine'].each{|food| print food.capitalize}

Ruby ? Quel Ruby ?1.8.71.9.32.0.0

Ruby ? Quel Ruby ?1.8.7 MRI1.9.3 MRI2.0.0 MRIrbx 2.0.0

JRuby 1.7.4

rbenvrvm

# rbenv list 1.8.7-p358 1.9.3-p392 2.0.0-p0* 2.0.0-p195 (set by /home/yannski/.rbenv/version)

rbenv# rbenv install jruby-1.7.4 # rbenv local jruby-1.7.4

bundler & Gemfilesource 'https://rubygems.org'

gem 'rails', '4.0.0'gem 'rails-i18n'gem 'sass-rails', '~> 4.0.0'gem 'haml-rails', '>= 4.0.0'gem 'mongoid', github: 'mongoid/mongoid'

RubyonRails

ModelViewController

ModelViewController

Conventionover

Configuration

Conventionover

Configuration

environments# ls -l config/environments/development.rbproduction.rbtest.rb

DRY

DRYDon't Repeat Yourself

ActiveRecordM in MVC

class Product < ActiveRecord::Baseend

ActiveRecord / migrations

class CreateProducts < ActiveRecord::Migration def change create_table :products do |t| t.string :name t.text :description

t.timestamps end endend

db/migrate/20130626120509_create_products.rb

app/models/product.rb

ActiveRecord / migrations

mysql> show tables;+---------------------------------+| Tables_in_monapppli_development |+---------------------------------+| products || schema_migrations |+---------------------------------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> describe schema_migrations;+---------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |+---------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+| version | varchar(255) | NO | PRI | NULL | |+---------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from schema_migrations;+----------------+| version |+----------------+| 20130626120509 |+----------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

irb(main):001:0> product = Product.new=> #<Product id: nil, name: nil, description: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>

irb(main):002:0> product.name = "Macbook"=> "Macbook"

irb(main):003:0> product.save (0.4ms) BEGIN SQL (0.3ms) INSERT INTO `products` (`created_at`, `name`, `updated_at`) VALUES ('2013-06-26 12:08:17', 'Macbook', '2013-06-26 12:08:17') (4.7ms) COMMIT=> true

ActiveRecord / migrations

irb(main):004:0> Product.count (0.5ms) SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `products`=> 1

irb(main):005:0> Product.first Product Load (0.5ms) SELECT `products`.* FROM `products` ORDER BY `products`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1=> #<Product id: 1, name: "Macbook", description: nil, created_at: "2013-06-26 12:08:17", updated_at: "2013-06-26 12:08:17">

irb(main):006:0> Product.where(name: "Macbook") Product Load (0.8ms) SELECT `products`.* FROM `products` WHERE `products`.`name` = 'Macbook'=> #<ActiveRecord::Relation [#<Product id: 1, name: "Macbook", description: nil, created_at: "2013-06-26 12:08:17", updated_at: "2013-06-26 12:08:17">]>

irb(main):008:0> Product.where(name: "Macbook").first Product Load (0.7ms) SELECT `products`.* FROM `products` WHERE `products`.`name` = 'Macbook' ORDER BY `products`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1=> #<Product id: 1, name: "Macbook", description: nil, created_at: "2013-06-26 12:08:17", updated_at: "2013-06-26 12:08:17">

ActiveRecord / query

> Product.where(name: "Macbook") Product Load (0.8ms) SELECT `products`.* FROM `products` WHERE `products`.`name` = 'Macbook'=> #<ActiveRecord::Relation [#<Product id: 1, name: "Macbook", description: nil, created_at: "2013-06-26 12:08:17", updated_at: "2013-06-26 12:08:17">]>

> Product.where(name: "Macbook").to_a Product Load (0.4ms) SELECT `products`.* FROM `products` WHERE `products`.`name` = 'Macbook'=> [#<Product id: 1, name: "Macbook", description: nil, created_at: "2013-06-26 12:08:17", updated_at: "2013-06-26 12:08:17">]

ActiveRecord / query

class Product validates_presence_of :nameend

ActiveRecord / validations

class CreateProducts < ActiveRecord::Migration def change create_table :products do |t| t.string :name t.text :description

t.timestamps end endend

db/migrate/20130626120509_create_products.rb

app/models/product.rb

> product = Product.new=> #<Product id: nil, name: nil, description: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>

> product.save (0.3ms) BEGIN (0.2ms) ROLLBACK=> false

> product.errors=> #<ActiveModel::Errors:0x007f2f9fb1bec8 @base=#<Product id: nil, name: nil, description: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>, @messages={:name=>["can't be blank"]}>

ActiveRecord / validations

class Product validates_presence_of :name belongs_to :categoryend

ActiveRecord / associations

app/models/product.rb

class Category has_many :productsend

app/models/category.rb

class Product

before_validate :reformat

before_save :check_name

after_save :rebuild_category

after_destroy :destroy_category_if_empty

end

ActiveRecord / life cycle

app/models/product.rb

ActiveModelActiveModel::Model

ActiveModel::CallbacksActiveModel::Validations

ActiveModel::DirtyActiveModel::AttributeMethods

ActiveModel::SerializationActiveModel::Translation

Routing

Restful

asset pipeline

//= require jquery//= require jquery_ujs//= require jquery-ui//= require bootstrap//= require bootstrap-datepicker//= require jquery_nested_form//= require ckeditor/init//= require_tree .

app/assets/javascripts/application.js

asset pipeline

*= require "custombootstrap"*= require "fontawesome"*= require "datepicker"*= require_self

app/assets/stylesheets/application.css.scss

asset pipeline

ActiveSupport

> "Je suis à la gare".blank ?=> false

ActiveSupport

> "".present?=> false

ActiveSupport

> "Je suis à la gare".parameterize=> "je-suis-a-la-gare"

ActiveSupport

> "John était allongé à la table d'un café quand soudain le loup apparu.".truncate(22)=> "John était allongé …"

ActiveSupport

ActionView

products.html.erbproducts.html.hamlmovies.json.erbmovies.xml.builder

ActionView

TestTests unitaires des models, des controllers, des helpersTests fonctionnels (rspec, capybara, etc.)

rails console

> Product.where(name: "Macbook") Product Load (0.8ms) SELECT `products`.* FROM `products` WHERE `products`.`name` = 'Macbook'=> #<ActiveRecord::Relation [#<Product id: 1, name: "Macbook", description: nil, created_at: "2013-06-26 12:08:17", updated_at: "2013-06-26 12:08:17">]>

> Product.where(name: "Macbook").to_a Product Load (0.4ms) SELECT `products`.* FROM `products` WHERE `products`.`name` = 'Macbook'=> [#<Product id: 1, name: "Macbook", description: nil, created_at: "2013-06-26 12:08:17", updated_at: "2013-06-26 12:08:17">]

ActiveRecord / query

rails server

rails generate

debugger

i18n

Communauté RubyUne certaine mentalité, certes...

rakemake en ruby

capistranodéploiement

rubygems.orgrepository centralisé des gems

deviseauthentification

omniauthomniauth-facebook, omniauth-twitter,

omniauth-dailymotion, omniauth-github, ...

paperclipupload de fichiers, stockage, thumbnails, etc.

will_paginatepagination

state_machinemachine à états...

airbrakegestion des exceptions

resquegestion des jobs asynchrones

(backend Redis)

Apprendre Railshttp://railsforzombies.org/http://guides.rubyonrails.org/Formation (chez Novelys!)