This presentation includes:the history of the bus in Poland;information about modern buses;a report from the visit in the museum of transport;students’ artworks presenting buses;a report from the students’ work on the creation of a scrapbook;a popular Polish song ‘Red bus’ by Andrzej Rosiewicz.

The predecessors of the buses were stagecoaches and omnibuses pulled by horses.

In the 19th century steam-powered omnibuses became popular. However, the need to carriage a lot of water and fuel did not foster the

development of these vehicles.

The end of the 19th century brought the invention of the internal combustion engine, which resulted in the creation of a new type of

omnibuses. The first constructions were made in the Benz company in 1895.

The first buses were constructed on the truck chassis and powered by spark-ignition engines.

The interwar period brought the development of a diesel engine. In the 20th century, buses with one passenger cabin started to be constructed

widely. This period of time brought the invention of buses called trolleybuses.

After the war, trolleybuses were commonly found in Warsaw.

The construction of buses developed quickly.

Buses started to replace local railways.

In the ‘50s factories began to build buses with engines located at the back or under the floor.

City buses started to be equipped with automatically opened door.

This bus is called ‘Stonka’ (‘potato beetle’).

It was constructed in 1954 in Jelcz.

‘Stonka’ was designed to provide transportation to 25 passengers.

A cabin had two doors – one for getting in, and one for packing

luggage.

These buses were very uncomfortable – stairs were steep

and seats were wooden.

A breakthrough in the design of buses took place in 1955, when buses with a self-supporting body started to be constructed.

1959This year brought the construction of Jelcz 043,

called ‘ogórek’ (‘cucumber’), powered by the solid and enduring engine.

It could reach speeds of 85 km/h.

Jelcz 043 was designed for 52 passengers. There were shelves for luggage and heating.

It was used as a long-distance bus.

1963Jelcz 272 MEX was the second generation of

‘ogórek’ (‘cucumber’). It had the same engine as Jelcz 043, but could

accomodate 111 people. Inside, there was a lot of space for standing

passengers.

1975Jelcz pr1110IL started to be produced in

1975. This bus was very comfortable, it had a

luggage space under the deck.

This period of time brought the economic crisis, which caused difficulties with the production of buses.

Polish factories began to cooperate with the Hungarian manufacturer of buses Ikarus.

Inside this bus you could find multiple pieces of equipment, like soft plastic seats or handrail

connectors.

Interior walls and ceilings of these buses were lined with unilam laminate. Floors were covered with non-slip lining.

Passengers could sit on upholstered seats.

Modern buses are very comfortable and fast.

The second half of the 21st century

brought the invention of

hybrids – electric buses using

batteries, which can charge while

driving.

This bus can serve as a perfect means of

transport, because it has a bedroom and a bathroom inside.

The Museum of Motorization is located in a town Otrębusy, 25 km from Warsaw.

The visit to the museum was a good opportunity to learn about different means of transport.

The Primary School in Siedlin09-100 Płońsk

PolandAddress: Szkoła Podstawowa w Siedlinieul. Jana Pawła II 1209-100 PłońskPolandwww.zssiedlin.internetdsl.plTelephone:+48 23 662 31 48

We invite you to Poland and our school!