A young man and his father are in a car accident; the father is killed and the young man is rushed to the hospital. The surgeon, upon entering the room and seeing the patient, exclaims, “Oh my God, I can’t operate, it’s my son!”

Are the parents gay?

Is the surgeon confusing the

patient with his son, because they look

similar?

Sexism in the English LanguageI. Introduction

a. Definitionsb. Thesis

II. Arguments for my thesisa. Argument Oneb. Argument Two

III. Arguments against my thesisa. The Roman Catholic Church and the Bible

IV. Conclusiona. Possible solutions

I. Introductiona. Gender = Sex?

I. Introductiona. Definitions

Hostile Sexism

dominative paternalism

competitive gender differentiation

heterosexual hostility

♀

I. Introductiona. Definitions

Benevolent Sexism

protective paternalism

complementary gender differentiation

heterosexual intimacy

♀

I. Introductiona. Definitions

Modern Sexists

negative attitude toward feminists

positive attitudes toward male chauvinists

insensitivity to sexist language

I. Introductionb. Thesis

Male domination is reflected by sexism in the English language.

II. Supporting argumentsa. Sexist stereotypes

“Research scientists often neglect their wives and children.”

“When I was going to school I spent most of my time talking to teachers and their wives.”

II. Supporting arguments a. Sexist stereotypes

female judgewoman lawyer

man nurse male prostitute

II. Supporting arguments a. Sexist stereotypes

II. Supporting arguments b. Male firstness

Mr. and Mrs.his and hersboys and girlsmen and womensons and daughterskings and queens...

II. Supporting arguments c. Non-paralell structures

The surgical team included a lady doctor and a male nurse.

II. Supporting arguments d. Linguistic relativity

cycle of sexismsexist patterns of thinking or sexist beliefs

sexist utterances

or sexist behavior

reinforce

result in

II. Supporting arguments e. Male bias

Males: 5.7 times more likely to be affected when using a generic pronoun

2 times more likely to be affected when usinga neutral alternative

III. Opposing arguments a. The Catholic Church and the Bible

22 %

78 %

III. Opposing arguments a. The Catholic Church and the Bible

"Wives submit to your husbands, as is fitting to the Lord." Colossians 3:18

“I will make your pains in childbearing very severe; with painful labor you will give birth to children. Your desire will be for your husband, and he will rule over you.” Genesis 3:16

III. Opposing arguments a. The Catholic Church and the Bible

“ A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to assume authority over a man; she must be quiet.” Timothy 2:11

III. Opposing arguments b. Biology

greater size and

strength

social dominance orientation

men cannot bear

children

IV. Conclusion a. Possible Solutions: Modeling

Non-sexist example:“A business executive discovers a long-time employee

has been stealing from the company. What should the executive do first?”

Sexist example:“A business executive discovers a long-time employee

has been stealing from the company. What should he do first?”

IV. Conclusion b. Alternatives

policeman police officer

stewardess flight attendant

IV. Conclusion c. Call for action

1. Break the sexism cycle2. Fight against traditional stereotypes3. Raise awareness