"Preliminary Results of Bio-Optical Measurements during

ARMEX-II"

Y. Pradhan, M Mohan, S. Nayak (SAC)

D. Sengupta (IISc)

"Solar penetration in warm pool thermodynamics"

D. Sengupta (IISc), Y. Pradhan, M. Mohan, P.A. Geda, S. Nayak (SAC)

A. Lotliker(Goa Univ.)

    

 

LiCOR

SAT.

Total TOA SW radiation,[Watts m-2]

TOA Radiation in 300-700nm range,

[Watts m-2]

Fraction,[%]

1367 641 47%

WavelengthInterval in

nm

Radiationin Watts m-2

Fraction of Solar constant(1367 W m-2) percent

<400 119 08.7

400 – 700 522 38.2

700 – 1000 309 22.6

>1000 417 30.5

Source: Thekaekara, 1976

swQ700300Q R = Q300

700/Qsw

70°E 72°E 74°E 76°E 78°E 80°E

8°N

10°N

12°N

14°N

1

23

4

5,6,7,8,9,10

12

13

11,14,15

In d ia

S L

A rab ianS ea

K och i

L a k sh ad w eep Is .

In d ian O cean

WARM POOL I CRUISE (MARCH) 2003

Station

St. # Position [E/N] Date

01 74.00/12.66 March 14

02 72.70/12.07 March 15

03 72.20/11.87 March 15

04 71.75/09.98 March 16

05 72.65/08.28 March 17

06 72.66/08.28 March 17

07 72.65/08.28 March 17

08 72.65/08.28 March 18

09 72.66/08.29 March 18

10 72.66/08.28 March 18

11 74.45/09.19 March 19

12 75.33/09.63 March 19

13 76.00/07.89 March 20

14 74.50/09.21 March 21

15 74.50/09.21 March 23

Station locations of concurrent bio-optical and physical measurement locations (SK191)

WARM POOL II CRUISE (MAY-JUN) 2003

Buoy and Stn. Locations (17-22 May 2003)

DS6 - 5 Mar - 31 Oct 2003

DS7 - 21 Apr - 31 Oct 2003

DS7A - 4 Mar - 29 Apr 2003

17-M ay 18-M ay 19-M ay 20-M ay 21-M ay 22-M ay30.2

30.4

30.6

30.8

31.0

31.2

SS

T [

°C]

T ime

True SST (1-3 m )

17-M ay 18-M ay 19-M ay 20-M ay 21-M ay 22-M ay34.6

34.8

35.0

35.2

35.4

Sal

init

y [p

su]

T ime

True Sal (1-3 m )

Tim e evo lution o f surface (w ith in 0-3 m ) sa lin ity around buoy location

17-M ay 18-M ay 19-M ay 20-M ay 21-M ay 22-M ay21.2

21.4

21.6

21.8

Sig

ma_

thet

a [K

g/m

^3]

T ime

True density (1-3 m )

Tim e evo lution o f surface (w ith in 0-3 m ) density around buoy location

17-M ay 18-M ay 19-M ay 20-M ay 21-M ay 22-M ay

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Mix

ed L

ayer

Dep

th [

m]

T ime

17-M ay 18-M ay 19-M ay 20-M ay 21-M ay 22-M ay0

50

100

150

200

E_n

et [

W/m

^2]

0.0

12.5

25.0

37.5

50.0

ML

D [

m]

E_net

M LD

12:00 AM 12:00 AM 12:00 AM 12:00 AM 12:00 AM 12:00 AM

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

Sho

rt W

ave

Flu

x [W

/m^2

]

Tim e

Surface SW flux [300-3300 nm ]

SW flux [300-700 nm ] beneath the surface

18May 19May 20May

Qlat -139.4 -123.1 -101.4

Qsw 207.6 224.7 237.1

Qnet 17.0 50.0 85.6

Qpen 9.8 37.0 39.7

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Dep

th [

m]<E_net> [W /m^2]

E_net(z) = E_net(z=0) * exp (-z/18.2)

34.80 35.00 35.20 35.40 35.60 35.80 36.0034.80 35.00 35.20 35.40 35.60 35.80 36.00

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Dep

th [

m]

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

A ll (6 ) s ta tions w ith M LD less than 15m

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

A ll (11) sta tions w ith M LD greater than 35m

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

10006 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

S igm a-theta

S alinity [psu]

T em perature [°C ]

21 22 23 24 25

0

25

50

75

10021 22 23 24 25 21 22 23 24 25 21 22 23 24 25

22 24 26 28 30 32 22 24 26 28 30 32 22 24 26 28 30 32 22 24 26 28 30 32

34 35 36 34 35 36 34 35 36 34 35 36

C04: 18/05/03 [1115 hrs] W 06: 20/05/2003 [1200 hrs]E04: 19/05/03 [1130 hrs] C17: 21/05/03 [1130 hrs]

21 22 23 24 25

0

25

50

75

100

W 03: 19/05/03 [0306 hrs]

24 26 28 30 32

34 35 36

21 22 23 24 25

22 24 26 28 30 32

34 35 36

C10: 20/05/03 [0301 hrs]

21 22 23 24 25

S07: 21/05/03 [0338 hrs]

22 24 26 28 30 32

34 35 36

21 22 23 24 25

22 24 26 28 30 32

34 35 36

C03: 18/05/03 [0423 hrs]

0 100 200 300 0 100 200 300 0 100 200 300 0 100 200 300

Tem

p_S

[°C

]

E_n

et [W

/m^2

]

Tem

p [°

C]

Sal

inity

[psu

]

Den

[kg/

m^3

]

17-M ay 18-M ay 19-M ay 20-M ay 21-M ay 22-M ay 23-M ay0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Ene

rgy

Flu

x ov

er 3

00-7

00 n

m [W

/m^2

]0 :00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00

10m Edown

10m Enet

30m Edown

30m Enet

0:00 3:00 6:00 9:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 0:000

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

E_n

et @

ML

D [

W/m

^2]

0

20

40

60

ML

D [

m]

T ime [hrs]

70°E 72°E 74°E 76°E 78°E 80°E

8°N

10°N

12°N

14°N

8°N

10°N

12°N

14°N

70°E 72°E 74°E 76°E 78°E 80°E

M ARCH (CLEAR SKY)

APRIL(CLEAR SKY)

M ARCH (ALL SKY)

APRIL(ALL SKY)

200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300

Shortwave radiation budgets for March and April (in both clear sky & all sky conditions) at the surface and in the atmosphere derived from 5 Years (Feb 1985 – Dec 1988) of ERBE measurements. The units are in W m-2 with contour intervals of 10. Original data were obtained from 2.5°2.5° gridded climatology provided by the International Research Institute (IRI) climate data centre.

29

30

31

SS

T [

°C]

0.02

0.04

0.06

Ch

l-a

[ug

/l]

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Chl- a

temp

Date Surface(300-3300m)

At MLD (300-

700nm)

Ed- (Just

beneath the

surface)

MLD/Surface

MLD/0- 0-/Surface

May 18 206.2 9.8 106.9 4.8% 9.2% 51.9%

May 19 222.5 37.0 122.2 16.6% 30.3% 54.9%

May 20 237.9 39.7 140.9 16.7% 28.2% 59.2%