Post on 26-Mar-2015
Pregnancy and Your Pregnancy and Your Oral HealthOral Health
[insert presenter info][insert presenter info]
When should I see the dentist?When should I see the dentist?
You could hurt yourself or your baby by You could hurt yourself or your baby by NOT going to the dentistNOT going to the dentist
Any timeAny time Check-ups and cleaningsCheck-ups and cleanings Emergency care (including x-rays)Emergency care (including x-rays)
Second trimester or first half of third best Second trimester or first half of third best for procedures that require:for procedures that require: AnesthesiaAnesthesia MedicationMedication Time in the chairTime in the chair
Safe Dental TreatmentSafe Dental Treatment
Most treatments considered safeMost treatments considered safe Acceptable drugsAcceptable drugs
Dental anesthetics Dental anesthetics Chlorhexidine rinseChlorhexidine rinse
Give dentist your obstetrician’s contact Give dentist your obstetrician’s contact informationinformation
AvoidAvoid Aspirin or ibuprofenAspirin or ibuprofen Tetracyclines, chloramphenicolTetracyclines, chloramphenicol
Fetal Growth and DevelopmentFetal Growth and Development
Development of infant’s mouthDevelopment of infant’s mouth 4-5 weeks – primary tooth buds4-5 weeks – primary tooth buds
4-7 weeks – lips4-7 weeks – lips
8-12 weeks – roof of mouth8-12 weeks – roof of mouth
12 weeks – primary teeth start to harden12 weeks – primary teeth start to harden
6 months - permanent tooth buds6 months - permanent tooth buds
Childhood Enamel HypoplasiaChildhood Enamel Hypoplasia
What is it?What is it? Deformed, weak enamelDeformed, weak enamel Disruptions of tooth Disruptions of tooth development development Teeth Can decay more Teeth Can decay more
easilyeasily Occurs in utero or early in life Occurs in utero or early in life Causes:Causes:
Fever in the pregnant mother or infantFever in the pregnant mother or infant Low birth weightLow birth weight
Diann Bomkamp, RDH, BSDH, Missouri
Who Wants a $1,000,000 $mile?Who Wants a $1,000,000 $mile?
When is it safe to go to the When is it safe to go to the
dentist during pregnancy?dentist during pregnancy?
A.A. When you need a check-up or a When you need a check-up or a cleaningcleaning
B.B. Only during the second trimesterOnly during the second trimester
C.C. When something hurtsWhen something hurts
D.D. A and CA and C
Changes During Pregnancy Changes During Pregnancy that Affect Oral Healththat Affect Oral Health
Hormonal AffectsHormonal Affects
Increased tooth mobilityIncreased tooth mobility
Saliva changesSaliva changes
Increased bacteriaIncreased bacteria
Gum problemsGum problems
Saliva changesSaliva changes
Decreased buffersDecreased buffers
Decreased mineralsDecreased minerals
Decreasing flow first and last trimesterDecreasing flow first and last trimester
Increased flow second trimesterIncreased flow second trimester
More acidicMore acidic
Increased BacteriaIncreased Bacteria
Increased acidityIncreased acidity Increase in decay-causing bacteriaIncrease in decay-causing bacteria
Increased SnackingIncreased Snacking Morning sickness/low blood sugarMorning sickness/low blood sugar Between-meal snacksBetween-meal snacks
Increase in amount and frequency of Increase in amount and frequency of starches/carbohydrates starches/carbohydrates Crackers are commonly recommendedCrackers are commonly recommended Promotes decay-causing bacteriaPromotes decay-causing bacteria
Courtesy Proctor & GambleCourtesy Proctor & Gamble
Increased Bacteria - Dental Increased Bacteria - Dental DecayDecay
Courtesy Diann Bomkamp, RDH, BSDH, MissouriCourtesy Diann Bomkamp, RDH, BSDH, Missouri
Courtesy Proctor & GambleCourtesy Proctor & Gamble
Who Wants a $1,000,000 $mile?What is a cavity?What is a cavity?
A. A large hole in the head A. A large hole in the head
B. A diseaseB. A disease
C. A hole in the toothC. A hole in the tooth
D. Both B and CD. Both B and C
Increased BacteriaIncreased Bacteria
Increased food supplyIncreased food supply Increased hormonesIncreased hormones
Gingival fluid and saliva contain hormonesGingival fluid and saliva contain hormones Cause gums to swell, bleed easily, and Cause gums to swell, bleed easily, and
secrete more fluidsecrete more fluid Bacteria use hormones for energy to grow Bacteria use hormones for energy to grow
and multiplyand multiply Decreased immune response limits Decreased immune response limits
ability to fight bacteria ability to fight bacteria
Gum ProblemsGum Problems
Pregnancy GingivitisPregnancy Gingivitis
Red edgesRed edges
Swollen or puffySwollen or puffy
TenderTender
Bleed easily Bleed easily during brushingduring brushing
Courtesy of Phoenix CollegeCourtesy of Phoenix College
Gum Problems - Pregnancy Gum Problems - Pregnancy GranulomaGranuloma
Courtesy of Univ. of Southern CaliforniaCourtesy of Univ. of Southern California
Gum Problems - Pregnancy Gum Problems - Pregnancy GranulomaGranuloma
Courtesy of Univ. of Southern CaliforniaCourtesy of Univ. of Southern California
Gum Changes - Pregnancy Gum Changes - Pregnancy GranulomaGranuloma
Courtesy of Univ. of Southern CaliforniaCourtesy of Univ. of Southern California
Who Wants a Who Wants a $1,000,000 $1,000,000 $mile?$mile?
A. Red, scaly patches A. Red, scaly patches
B. Black, hairy patchesB. Black, hairy patches
C. Bleeding, swelling or tendernessC. Bleeding, swelling or tenderness
D. None of the aboveD. None of the above
Some signs of gum disease are…Some signs of gum disease are…
Changes During Pregnancy Changes During Pregnancy that Affect Oral Healththat Affect Oral Health
Morning sicknessMorning sickness Difficulty with hygieneDifficulty with hygiene
Gum diseaseGum disease Tooth decayTooth decay
VomitingVomiting Esophogeal Reflux (heartburn)Esophogeal Reflux (heartburn) Acid exposureAcid exposure
Irritation of the gumsIrritation of the gums Weakening of tooth enamelWeakening of tooth enamel Dental erosionDental erosion
Treatment for Acid ExposureTreatment for Acid Exposure
Do NOT brush immediately after vomitingDo NOT brush immediately after vomiting
Rinse Rinse Water with baking sodaWater with baking soda
AntacidAntacid
Plain waterPlain water
Eat some cheeseEat some cheese
Ask about fluorideAsk about fluoride
Oral Diseases Can Effect Oral Diseases Can Effect PregnancyPregnancy
Preterm, low birth weight (LBW) linked Preterm, low birth weight (LBW) linked to periodontal diseaseto periodontal disease
Thorough calculus (tartar) removal in Thorough calculus (tartar) removal in pregnant women with periodontitis pregnant women with periodontitis may reduce pre-term birthsmay reduce pre-term births
Spontaneous preterm birth in Spontaneous preterm birth in pregnant women with gum diseasepregnant women with gum disease
0.0%1.0%2.0%
3.0%4.0%
5.0%6.0%
7.0%8.0%9.0%
10.0%
No treatment Polish Cleaning
Jeffcoat et al. (2003) Periodontal disease and preterm birth: results of a Jeffcoat et al. (2003) Periodontal disease and preterm birth: results of a pilot intervention study. pilot intervention study.
Spon
tane
ous
Pret
erm
Bir
ths
Prevention: Oral HygienePrevention: Oral Hygiene
Reduce the amount of bacteria in Reduce the amount of bacteria in your mouthyour mouth
Brushing and flossingBrushing and flossing
Antibacterial mouth rinsesAntibacterial mouth rinses
Xylitol gum or mintsXylitol gum or mints
Keep routine dental visitsKeep routine dental visits
Prevention:Prevention:Nutrition for Oral HealthNutrition for Oral Health
Eat well-balanced mealsEat well-balanced meals B vitamins, especially folate (folic acid)B vitamins, especially folate (folic acid) Vitamin CVitamin C CalciumCalcium
Snack smartSnack smart Avoid starchy or high carbohydrate Avoid starchy or high carbohydrate
snackssnacks Raw fruits and vegetablesRaw fruits and vegetables Dairy productsDairy products
Who Wants a Who Wants a $1,000,000 $1,000,000 $mile?$mile?Oral diseases can be prevented by…Oral diseases can be prevented by…
A.A. Using fluoride rinseUsing fluoride rinse
B.B. Brushing 2-3 times a dayBrushing 2-3 times a day
C.C. Eating nutritious foodsEating nutritious foods
D.D. A and BA and B
E.E. All of the aboveAll of the above
AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements
MAJ Georgia dela CruzMAJ Georgia dela CruzDental Staff OfficerDental Staff Officer
Directorate of Health Promotion & WellnessDirectorate of Health Promotion & Wellness
US Army Center for Health Promotion & Preventive MedicineUS Army Center for Health Promotion & Preventive Medicine
Additional graphics or information provided by the Additional graphics or information provided by the following:following:
Diann Bomkamp, RDH, BSDH, MissouriDiann Bomkamp, RDH, BSDH, Missouri
WI Dept. of Health and Family ServicesWI Dept. of Health and Family Services
University of Southern CaliforniaUniversity of Southern California
Phoenix CollegePhoenix College
Proctor & GambleProctor & Gamble
Dr. Luke Shwart, Calgary Health RegionDr. Luke Shwart, Calgary Health Region