Peter Zaitsev, CEO, Percona July 02, 2015

Percona Technical Webinars

Practical MySQL Performance Optimization

www.percona.com 2

In This Presentation We’ll

Look at how to approach Performance Optimization

Discuss Practical Performance Optimization Tips

Look at the Tools which can help us

www.percona.com 3

First Things First

MySQL Performance does not Matter!

www.percona.com 4

What DOES Matter?

Application Performance!

www.percona.com 5

Even More so

Application Performance Always Matters!

www.percona.com 6

Take Away

Performance Problems might not be MySQL

Performance Solutions might not

be with MySQL

www.percona.com 7

Many “Tools”

• MongoDB • Cassandra • Hadoop • Elastic Search • Redis

Use the best

Tool for the job

www.percona.com 8

Say Performance

Think Response Time

www.percona.com 9

Related Issues

Stability

Scalability

Efficiency

www.percona.com 10

Scalability?

• Load • Data Size • Infrastructure

Scalability with:

www.percona.com 11

Performance “Sandbags”

Security

Manageability

Compatibility

Compliance

Ease of use by Developers

www.percona.com 12

“Good Enough”

You can always

improve your system. Know when to stop.

www.percona.com 13

Economics Performance Optimization

Positive Business Impact

Negative Business Impact

www.percona.com 14

Positive (How to get a Budget)

•  Downtime Very Slow Performance

•  More Engaged Users •  Higher Sales

Better Response Time

(External)

•  More productive team •  Better ability to take decisions

Better Response Time

(Internal)

www.percona.com 15

Direct Costs

Optimized System uses less resources

Decent Database Node on Amazon EC2 - $1000/month

Using less of Nodes, less storage, slower storage are direct savings

www.percona.com 16

Cost Calculation Examples

• Often no real savings achieved

30% Less resources needed for 1-2 nodes

• Can likely use 30 percent less nodes

•  $360K out of $1.2M saved yearly

30% Less resources needed for 100 nodes

www.percona.com 17

Take Away

Larger Scale Systems should spend more on Performance Optimization

Even few percent means a lot of $$ on

very high scale

www.percona.com 18

Negative Business Impact

Working on Performance means not working on the new features

Optimized Architecture can be more complicated and slow down pace

www.percona.com 19

Dealing with Negatives

Focus on the performance optimization which does not impact agility first

Consider working with external team

Percona can help!

www.percona.com 20

Lets Look at MySQL in More details!

www.percona.com 21

What MySQL Does

• Selects • Inserts • Deletes • Updates

Processes Queries

www.percona.com 22

What to focus on?

• Making queries run faster

• Using less resources

• Scaling better

Performance Optimization

focused

www.percona.com 23

Transaction Optimization

• Find out which queries it runs

• Optimize them

Specific Application Transaction

www.percona.com 24

General Optimization

• Prioritize them • Optimize them

Look at what

queries Server Runs

www.percona.com 25

Queries

• Get rid of them? • Can we change them to be doing less work?

Are those the

right queries ?

www.percona.com 26

Things to Consider

• But avoid focusing only on outliers

Do not look at the average case only

• Consider daily, weekly, monthly cycles

Look at trends over time

• Data size change? Cardinality?

Think about future

performance

www.percona.com 27

Query Tips

Do less queries – latency and overhead

Read or modify less data

Less data processing on the fly

How much data is traversed vs sent

How much data is sent vs used by app

www.percona.com 28

Schema

• Minor Schema changes

• Data Architecture

Look at Schema

and Queries together

www.percona.com 29

Schema Tips

•  http://bit.ly/1rAtamE Learn Indexing

•  Starting with Text book schema is OK ending is likely not

Design Schema for data access

•  Partitioning & Sharding •  Normalization and Denormalization •  Covering Indexes

Technics

www.percona.com 30

The Following Also Matter

Infrastructure

Operating System and Configuration

MySQL Version

MySQL Configuration

www.percona.com 31

Optimization Process

Low Hanging Fruit

•  MySQL Configuration

•  OS Settings •  Indexes •  Caching

Medium Level

•  Infrastructure •  OS •  MySQL

Version •  Storage

Engine

Hard Changes

•  Major schema changes

•  Application architecture change

www.percona.com 32

Infrastructure Optimization

Scaling Up or Out

• One MySQL Node

• Many MySQL Nodes

Type

• Public Cloud • Private Cloud • Bare Metal

www.percona.com 33

Hardware

CPU

Memory

Disk

Network

www.percona.com 34

CPU

Intel owns the market

2 sockets commonly used

Faster cores or more cores

Turboboost

www.percona.com 35

Memory

Main purpose – Cache

Think Database size vs Memory

Look together with Storage Optimization

www.percona.com 36

Invest in Memory or Storage

www.percona.com 37

Storage

FLASH (SSD) is best!

Directly Attached storage is Fastest

Virtualization, SAN costs performance but brings features

www.percona.com 38

Storage Redundancy

Server Level

•  MySQL Replication •  Percona XtraDB

Cluster

Local Level

•  Storage level (RAID)

•  Filesystem level (Local and Distributed)

•  Internal Flash Redundancy (RAIN)

www.percona.com 39

Network

Latency

•  Distance •  Number of

“Hops”

Throughput

•  1Gb is a must, trunking recommended

•  10Gb increasingly affordable

Availability

•  Bonding •  Multipath

www.percona.com 40

OS Choices

Linux

Server grade

Recent

Supporting MySQL well

www.percona.com 41

OS Tuning

Defaults are good for common workloads

Filesystem: EXT4 or XFS

More Detail http://bit.ly/MySQLonLinux

www.percona.com 42

MySQL Version

New versions typically improve performance

Scalability, Improved Optimizer, etc.

Expect some regressions

Try Percona Server 5.6

www.percona.com 43

MySQL Configuration

Do not run with defaults

Do not ever obsess with tuning

More Details: http://bit.ly/1vth5Cu

www.percona.com 44

MySQL Tuning in 1 slide

•  max_connections •  log_bin •  table_open_cache_size •  table_definitions_cache_size •  open_files_limit •  innodb_buffer_pool_size •  innodb_log_file_size •  Innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit •  Innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT

www.percona.com 45 www.percona.com

Tools and The Process

www.percona.com 46

Process

• Do not bring bad queries and schema in production

Developers Part

• Catch bad queries • Validate changes in hardware,

configuration, versions

Operations Process

www.percona.com 47

Queries will be impacted

Hardware Changes

Configuration

MySQL Version Changes

Impact of Data Growth

Changes to the Query Mix

Optimizer Plan Changes

www.percona.com 48

Tools

PT-Query-Digest from Percona Toolkit

MySQL Enterprise Monitor

MonYog

VividCortex

Percona Cloud Tools

www.percona.com 49

How to look at the queries

Examples are from Percona Cloud Tools

Other tools are similar

www.percona.com 50

What Queries Server Handles

www.percona.com 51

Server Summary

www.percona.com 52

Query Information

www.percona.com 53

See Change

www.percona.com 54

To Sum it Up

It is Application Performance what Matters!

Use Right Tools for Right Job

See what Queries MySQL is Running

Reduce Number of Queries

Reduce Data They Return

See how they can do less work

Do that work more efficiently

www.percona.com 55 55

www.percona.com

Performance Audit w/Support Trial: Start Getting Your MySQL in Shape This

Summer Ø  Performance Audit provides a comprehensive review of your MySQL server,

including: •  Configuration •  Operating system •  Hardware configuration •  Application architecture •  Table design •  Indexing and Queries •  Capacity •  Scaling Potential

Ø  Results in a a detailed report that prioritizes how to improve the performance and reliability of your deployment

Ø  Plus 3-Month Technical Support Trial to use for questions regarding your audit, help with the follow up action plan, or any other urgent issues with which you need our help

Ø  Contact Percona Sales for More Information

www.percona.com 56

Super Saver Rates End on July 5th!

https://www.percona.com/live/europe-amsterdam-2015/

www.percona.com 57

Percona

Support

Managed Services

Consulting

Software

www.percona.com 58 www.percona.com

Peter Zaitsev pz@percona.com

https://www.linkedin.com/in/peterzaitsev

Thank You!