Post on 22-Sep-2014
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WELCOME
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POLYTRONICS
GOPU SOMANE.C S7
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WHAT IS POLYTRONICS…??
Polymer + electronics
Influence of plastic in electronics
Certain plastic(polymers) have conductive & light emitting property
Providing the basis of a new technology for flat–panel displays with excellent visibility
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PLASTIC ELECTRONICS
Plastics could be made to conduct through doping(adding impurities)
Depending on their chemical structure plastics may exhibit electrically conductive, semi-conductive or insulating properties
Chemical composition of plastics or conjugated polymers is changed by doping to make them conducting
Polymers such as polythiophenes, oligothiophenes and pentacene have conductive property
Electronic behavior of these polymers is very different from inorganic semiconductors such as silicon or gallium arsenide
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ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
Polymer
Electronically
Intrinsically conductive polymers
Ionically
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CONJUGATED POLYMERS
Gain conductivity through “conjugation”
Polymer molecules have alternating double bond and single bond
Pathway for free electron charge carriers
Doped with oxidizing or reducing agents
Conductivity btw conv: polymers & metals
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MOSTLY USED CONJUGATED POLYMERS
They can emit light
Conductivity can be varied
Generate current
Ability to store an electric charge
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MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUES
Printing polymer circuits is known as Polymer Mechatronics or Flexonics
Developed by university of California in Berkeley
No need of “assemble and build” technique
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PRINTING YOUR CIRCUITS
Polymer mechatronics or flexonics
The entire product would come out of the printer
Electronic circuits embedded in the product itself
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STEPS…
DESIGN THE CIRCUIT USING A CAD SOFTWARE
TOOL
TAKE THE NECESSARY
INGREDIENTS AND INSERT IN THE
PRINTER
PRINT THE CIRCUIT
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FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS
»Talk and Trash« Cell Phone
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ELECTRONIC PAPER
paper is made of a thin layer (coating) of conductive synthetic material
coating contains capsules filled with oil, with floating black and white pigment parts in it.
text and pictures are displayed by electronic ink or e-Ink.
use plastic substrate and electronics to make the display flexible.
text or the image will remain on the electronic paper, even when the reader is switched off
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USED IN : Electronic price tags, Bus/Train station timetables, Electronic billboards…ADVANTAGE : handy, light size ,Inexpensive ,reusable ,portable…
electronic ink
electronics required to generate the pattern of text and images
Electronic paper
Front plane
Backplane
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PLASTIC BATTERIES
Developed by Hopkins university
Positive and negative electrodes are thin, foil-like plastic sheets
Electrolyte is a polymer gel film
Does not contain hazardous chemicals as in Ni - Cd cells
Can be recharged and reused a number of times without loss of power
USED IN :military and space applications , small consumer devices
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ELECTROACTIVE POLYMERS
Polymers which can be to bend, stretch, twist or contract under the influence of electric charge
Have the potential to function as artificial muscles
Implanted into the body Have sensor, battery &EAP
valves Sensor activated with
chemical change delivered to specific tissues
at specific doses and times.
Artificial muscles
Smart pills
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OLEDS Sandwiching organic thin films
between two conductors.
Emissive displays
Wider viewing angle ( up to 160°)
Can be read even in bright sunlight
Preferred choice for lighter, thinner and flexible display screens
USED IN : televisions, laptop, cellular phones, digital video cameras, DVD players, PDAs, car stereos
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LEDs remain functionality even under tight bending radius
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ADVANTAGES
Freedom in design
Cheap foil substrates
Light-weight
Compact portable products
Cost-effective assembly with reel-to-reel processing
Environment-friendly
Printing instead of lithography
Scale :printing can be done with almost unlimited length
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DISADVANTAGES
Need low temperature processes
Substrates are not flat and have many defects
Plastics are highly permeable for water and oxygen and offer little protection for electronic components
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FUTURE
Rollable or foldable thin film computers
Electronic newspaper which continually updated
Fruit and vegetables labels
Invisible chips will one day be integrated in paper, postage stamps, bank notes etc with intelligence
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CONCLUSION
Provide a cheap method for the fabrication of simple low-cost electronic products
Polymer materials offer a high degree of freedom and flexibility in the design of the materials, devices and systems
Scarcity of semiconductors and power compels the new generation to move to polytronics.
“THE IDEA OF POLYTRONICS IS NOT TO REPLACE SILICON TECHNOLOGY BUT TO DEVELOP NEW APPLICATION IN CONJUNCTION WITH SILICON”
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REFERENCE
J.W. Balde, Ed., Foldable Flex and Thinned Silicon Multichip Packaging Technology. Norwell, MA: Kluwer, 2002, pp. 106–114.
H. Sirringhaus, P. J. Brown, R. H. Friend, M. M. Nielsen, K. Bechgaard,
B. M.W. Langeveld-Voss, A. J. H. Spiering, R. A. J. Janssen, W. W. Maijer, P. Herwig, and D. M. de Leuuw, “Two-dimensional charge transport in self-organized, high-mobility conjugated polymers,” Nature, vol. 401, pp. 685–688, 1999.
D. M. Horowitz, D. M. Peng, D. M. Fichou, and D. M. Garnier, “The oligothiophene-based field-effect transistor: How it works and how to improve it,” J. Appl. Phys., vol. 78, pp. 528–532, 1990.
Y. Y. Lin, D. J. Gundlach, S. F. Nelson, and T. N. Jackson, “Pentacene-
based organic thin-film transistors,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 44, no. 8, pp. 1325–1331, Aug. 1997
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