POLAND

• Covered area 312000 sq km

• It occupies 3 per cent of Europe’s territory

• Good geographical situation, in Central Europe on the crossing of merchant routes

• With population of ca. 38 mln. people

• Population density 110 persons per sq km

Wrocław (polish language)

Vratislavia / Budorgis (latin language)

Brassel (dialect Silesia)

Vratislav / Vroclav (czech language)

Boroszlo (hungarian language)

!

$

$

!$

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

$

$

!

$

Wroclaw

• Capital City of Lower Silesia (south-west region of Poland),

• With population of ca. 700 000 people

• Major academic centre with universities and colleges

• About 120 000 students every year

http://www.up.wroc.pl/

http://www.up.wroc.pl/

http://www.up.wroc.pl/

http://www.up.wroc.pl/

Polish economy information

Unemployment rate

6,5

12,214,3

16,4 1614,6

13,2

10,310,413

15,516,3

20 19 18,717,5

11,4

0

5

10

15

20

25

Labor force 17.26 million

• agriculture: 16.1%

• industry: 29.0%

• services: 54.9%

Gross Domestic Product per Capita (USD)

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

GDP from Agriculture4%

Agricultural

Farming

Annual rainfall

Average annual temperature:

Land structure

ha x 1000 %

Arable land 12200 46 Grassland 3390 14 Woodland 8958 29 Interior water 831 3 Urban land 1995 6 Others 506 2

Percentage of land belonging to different type of farm

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2003

Private National Collective

Percentage of land belonging on different type of farm

(by size groups)

4,218,820,2

22,3 14,3

20,2

1,01-1,99

2,00-4,99

5,00-6,99

7,00-9,99

10,0-14,99

>15

Farm group (ha)

Soil quality structure (%)

II; 2,9

III; 22,4

IV; 39,9

V; 22,6

VI; 11,8

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Crop structure (% arable land)

Crop 1980 1985 1990 1995 1999 2005

Cereals 54.1 56.8 59.9 66.5 69.1 74.0

Roots and tuber crops

21.4 19.2 17.4 15.9 14.2 8.2

Industrial 3.4 4.0 4.1 5.2 4.8 5.5 Pulses 1.3 2.1 2.2 1.1 1.2 0.8 Forage 16.3 14.4 12.6 7.3 6.6 5.4 Others 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 6.1

The biggest crops [t/ha]:

Cereal: Vegetable:

Wheat 3.8 Cabbage 40.5

Rye 2.4 Onion 20.5

Barley 3.0 Carrot 29.0

Oat 2.3

Triticale 3.3

Biggest crops and export vegetables:

Biggest crops: Biggest Export:

1) cabbage 1 201 000 t 1) onion 35%

2) carrot 817 000 t 2) cabbage 30%

3) onion 618 000 t 3) tomatoes 25%

Biggest crops of fruit [thousands t]:

1)apple 2 830

2)cherry 201

3)plums 113

4)black and redberry 196

5)raspberry 81

6)strawberry 20

Structure of age farmers:

18-29 years old 10%

30-39 years old 23%

40-54 years old 47%

55-65 years old 14%

> 65 years old 6%

Advantages polish agriculture:

- polish agriculturae area is 1/5 all agriculture area in UE

- Poland has one of the richest varieties biological species and

natural seats in UE

- Poland is on the first place in wheat production

- in Poland is extensive system of agriculture

- very good quality of rural products

- some of the farmers establish agrotouristic farms with traditional,

ecology kind manage farm

rural areas farming

Polish Agricultural Problem s

Problems of rural area

• Bad infrastructure, poor social and cultural development

• Low farmer level education

• Monoproduction in some regions and, high percentage of farmers with the income only from farming,

• Difficulties with finding employment in non-agricultural sectors

• Limited access to extension services

• Low activity of farmers (rural residents) in social and cultural life

• Hidden and registred unemployment

• Low income resulting in limited demand for goods and non-agricultural services

• Low impact of institiutions and organisations supporting the development of rural areas

• Marginal attention focused to the cultural heritage

Problems of Polish Farming

• Small-sized farms (< 8 ha)

• Unsatisfactory organisation of the agri-cultural market and food chain links

• Underinvestment of farms

• Low farmers qualifications in production technologies, marketing and management

• Poor self-organisation of farmers

Cattle stock (x1000)

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

1980 1985 1990 1995 1999 2003

Cows

Cattle (others)

Sheeps stock (x1000)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

1980 1985 1990 1995 1999 2003

Pigs stock (milion)

0

5

10

15

20

25

1980 1985 1990 1995 1999 2003

Forage crop structure (thousand ha)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

1980 1985 1990 1995 1999 2003

Roots

Legumes

Grasses

Maize

Artificial fertilizer application

69,6 66,1 68,946,6 48,4 50,4

51,4 47,3 40,7

15,5 17,3 18,5

71,961,8 54,3

23,517,6 21,7

0

50

100

150

200

250

1980 1985 1990 1995 1999 2003

KPN

The outcome today: lower income of Polish farmers

compare to other farmers from UE

Thank You very much for attention