PHP 5.3 and Lithium: the most rad php framework

Wednesday, February 24, 2010

PHP 5.3

Why?• Speed & Memory

• Namespaces

• Anonymous Functions

• Late Static Binding

• Syntax enhancements

• SPL

• Phar

• ext/intl

• ext/fileinfo

• ext/sqlite3

• mysqlnd

Speed & Memory

http://sebastian-bergmann.de/archives/745-Benchmark-of-PHP-Branches-3.0-through-5.3-CVS.html

Drupal 20% fasterQdig 2% fastertypo3 30% fasterwordpress 15% fasterxoops 10% fasterhttp://news.php.net/php.internals/36484

gc_enable() : New Garbage Collector

Namespaces

• Autoloading made easy

• \lithium\core\Libraries

• \li3_docs\controllers\BrowserController

• http://groups.google.com/group/php-standards/web/psr-0-final-proposal

http://php.net/manual/en/language.namespaces.php

Namespaces Example

namespace app;

use \app\models\Post;

class PostsController extends \lithium\action\Controller {

public function index() { $posts = Post::all(); return compact(‘posts’); }}

function __autoload($className){ $className = ltrim($className, '\\'); $fileName = ''; $namespace = ''; if ($lastNsPos = strripos($className, '\\')) { $namespace = substr($className, 0, $lastNsPos); $className = substr($className, $lastNsPos + 1); $fileName = str_replace('\\', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $namespace) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR; } $fileName .= str_replace('_', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $className) . '.php';

require $fileName;}

http://groups.google.com/group/php-standards/web/psr-0-final-proposalAutoloading

Anonymous Functions

• Lambda• assigned to a variable

• useful for recursion and multiple calls

• Closure• added as a method parameter

• use() the parent scope

http://php.net/manual/en/functions.anonymous.php

Lambda Example<?php

$cube = function ($value) { return ($value * $value * $value);};$result = array_map($cube, array(1, 2, 3));var_dump($result);/*array 0 => int 1 1 => int 8 2 => int 27*/

Another Lambda

$multiply = function ($value, $times) use (&$multiply) { return ($times > 0) ? $multiply($value * $value, --$times) : $value;};var_dump($multiply(2, 3));/*int 256*/

Closure Example<?php$data = 'string';$result = array_filter(array(1, 2, 'string'), function ($value) use ($data) { return ($value !== $data);});var_dump($result);/*array 0 => int 1 1 => int 2*/

Crazy Example<?php

function Y($F) { return current(array(function($f) { return $f($f); }))->__invoke(function($f) use ($F) { return $F(function($x) use ($f) { return $f($f)->__invoke($x); }); });}

$factorial = Y(function($fact) { return function($n) use ($fact) { return ($n <= 1) ? 1 : $n * $fact($n - 1); };});

var_dump($factorial(6));/*int 720*/

Why Static?

• Promotes proper application design

• Stateless

• Easier to access

Late Static Binding<?phpclass A { public static function who() { return __CLASS__; } public static function test() { return static::who(); }}class B extends A { public static function who() { return __CLASS__; }}

$result = B::test();var_dump($result);/*string 'B' (length=1)*/

http://php.net/lsb

Standard PHP Library (SPL)

• spl_autoload_register()

• Iterators

• Exceptions

• File Handling

• Observer/Subject

• Stack, Queue, Heap, ObjectStorage

http://us.php.net/manual/en/book.spl.php

Syntax Enhancements

• PHP 5 < 5.3

• __set()/__get()

• __isset()/__unset()

• __call()

• PHP 5.3

• __callStatic()

• __invoke()

• ?:

http://php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.magic.php

• PHP archives

• includable (include 'phar:///path/to/myphar.phar/file.php')

• stream accessible

• distributable

ext/intl

• Collator

• Locale

• IntlDateFormatter

• NumberFormatter

ext/fileinfo <?php

$info = new \finfo(FILEINFO_MIME);$result = $info->file(__FILE__);var_dump($result);/*string 'text/x-php; charset=us-ascii' (length=28)*/

$result = finfo_file(finfo_open(FILEINFO_MIME), __FILE__);var_dump($result);/*string 'text/x-php; charset=us-ascii' (length=28)*/?>

ext/sqlite3• SQLite is a in-process library that implements a

self-contained, serverless, zero-configuration, transactional SQL database engine (http://www.sqlite.org/about.html)

• A more compact format for database files.

• Support for both UTF-8 and UTF-16 text.

• Manifest typing and BLOB support.

• New API via Sqlite3 class or sqlite3 functions

mysqlnd

• mysql native driver

• faster

• easier to compile

• transparent client, same old mysql/mysqli

Lithiumthe most rad php framework

In Lithium• Namespaces

• Anonymous Functions

• Late Static Binding

• Syntax Enhancements

• SPL

• Phar

• Sqlite3

Lithium Namespaces• action

• analysis

• console

• core

• g11n

• net

• security

• storage

• template

• test

• tests

• util

Namespace Example

namespace app\extensions\helper;

class Form extends \lithium\template\helper\Form {

public function config(array $config = array()) { .... }}

Anonymous Functions Example

Validator::add('role', function ($value, $format, $options) { return (in_array($value, array('admin', 'editor', 'user')));});

LSB Example<?php

namespace lithium\core;

class StaticObject { ...}

?><?php

namespace lithium\data;

class Model extends \lithium\core\StaticObject { ...}

?> <?php

namespace app\models;

class Post extends \lithium\data\Model {

__callStatic<?php

namespace lithium\data;

class Model extends \lithium\core\StaticObject {

public static function __callStatic($method, $params) { ... }

?> <?php

namespace app\controllers

use app\models\Post;

class PostsController extends \lithium\action\Controller {

public function index() { $posts = Post::all(); return compact('posts') }}

__invoke<?php

namespace lithium\action;

class Controller extends lithium\core\Object {

public function __invoke($request, $dispatchParams, array $options = array()) { ... }

namespace lithium\action;

class Dispatcher extends \lithium\core\StaticObject {

protected static function _call($callable, $request, $params) { ... if (is_callable($callable = $params['callable'])) { return $callable($params['request'], $params['params']); } throw new Exception('Result not callable'); ... }}?>

SPL Iterators<?php

protected function _cleanUp($path = null) { $path = $path ?: LITHIUM_APP_PATH . '/resources/tmp/tests'; $path = $path[0] !== '/' ? LITHIUM_APP_PATH . '/resources/tmp/' . $path : $path; if (!is_dir($path)) { return; } $dirs = new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($path); $iterator = new RecursiveIteratorIterator($dirs, RecursiveIteratorIterator::CHILD_FIRST); foreach ($iterator as $item) { if ($item->getPathname() === "{$path}/empty") continue; ($item->isDir()) ? rmdir($item->getPathname()) : unlink($item->getPathname()); }}

SPL Interfaces

<?php/* * @link http://us.php.net/manual/en/class.arrayaccess.php * @link http://us.php.net/manual/en/class.iterator.php * @link http://us.php.net/manual/en/class.countable.php */class Collection extends \lithium\core\Object implements \ArrayAccess, \Iterator, \Countable { ...}

SPL autoloader<?php

namespace lithium\core;

class Libraries { ... public static function add($name, $config = array()) { ... if (!empty($config['loader'])) { spl_autoload_register($config['loader']); } ... } ...}?>

Phar<?php

namespace lithium\console\command;

use \Phar;

class Library extends \lithium\console\Command {

public function archive() { ....

$archive = new Phar("{$path}.phar"); $from = $this->_toPath($from); $result = (boolean) $archive->buildFromDirectory($from, $this->filter); ...

$archive->compress(Phar::GZ); return true; }}

Sqlite3

Connections::add('default', array( 'type' => 'database', 'adapter' => 'Sqlite3', 'database' => LITHIUM_APP_PATH . '/resources/db/sqlite.db'));

By Lithium

• Simple, Uniform API

• Unified Constructor

• Adaptable

• Filters (Aspect Oriented Programming)

• $_classes (Dependency Injection)

• Collections

Simple Uniform API

• logical namespaces and classes

• simple method names

• <= 3 params per method

• $config

• $options

Unified Constructor

• $config

• always an array

• check for $_autoConfig

• _init() and __init()

Adaptable• \security\Auth

• \storage\Session

• \storage\Cache

• \g11n\Catalog

• \data\Connections

• \analysis\Logger

Filters• Aspect Oriented Programming

secondary or supporting functions are isolated from the main program's business logic...increase modularity by allowing the separation of cross-cutting concerns... (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspect-oriented_programming)

• modify core functionality without extending a class

• define your own callbacks

• @filter

Routes Filter<?php

use \lithium\action\Dispatcher;

Dispatcher::applyFilter('run', function($self, $params, $chain) { include __DIR__ . '/routes.php'; return $chain->next($self, $params, $chain);});

Asset Filter<?php

use \lithium\action\Dispatcher;use \lithium\core\Libraries;use \lithium\net\http\Media;

Dispatcher::applyFilter('_callable', function($self, $params, $chain) { list($plugin, $asset) = explode('/', $params['request']->url, 2) + array("", ""); if ($asset && $library = Libraries::get($plugin)) { $asset = "{$library['path']}/webroot/{$asset}";

if (file_exists($asset)) { return function () use ($asset) { $info = pathinfo($asset); $type = Media::type($info['extension']); header("Content-type: {$type['content']}"); return file_get_contents($asset); }; } } return $chain->next($self, $params, $chain);});

Xhprof Filter<?php

use \lithium\action\Dispatcher;

Dispatcher::applyFilter('run', function($self, $params, $chain) { xhprof_enable(); $data = $chain->next($self, $params, $chain); $xhprof_data = xhprof_disable();

$XHPROF_ROOT = '/usr/local/php/5.3.1/lib/xhprof'; include_once $XHPROF_ROOT . "/xhprof_lib/utils/xhprof_lib.php"; include_once $XHPROF_ROOT . "/xhprof_lib/utils/xhprof_runs.php";

$xhprof_runs = new XHProfRuns_Default(); $run_id = $xhprof_runs->save_run($xhprof_data, "xhprof_lithium");

return $data;});

Save Filter<?php

namespace app\models;

class Paste extends \lithium\data\Model {

public static function __init(array $options = array()) { parent::__init($options); static::applyFilter('save', function($self, $params, $chain) { $document = $params['record']; if (!$document->id) { $document->created = date('Y-m-d h:i:s'); } if (!empty($params['data'])) { $document->set($params['data']); } $document->parsed = $self::parse($document->content, $document->language); $document->preview = substr($document->content, 0, 100); $document->modified = date('Y-m-d h:i:s'); $params['record'] = $document; return $chain->next($self, $params, $chain); }); }}

$_classes

• Dependency Injectiona technique for supplying an external dependency (i.e. a reference) to a software component - that is, indicating to a part of a program which other parts it can use... (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_injection)

• modify core functionality without extending a class

$_classes Example

namespace lithium\console;

class Library extends \lithium\console\Command { ... protected $_classes = array( 'service' => '\lithium\net\http\Service', 'response' => '\lithium\console\Response' ); ...}?>

$_classes Example<?phpnamespace lithium\tests\cases\console;

use \lithium\console\Request;

class LibraryTest extends \lithium\test\Unit { ... public function setUp() { ... $this->classes = array( 'service' => '\lithium\tests\mocks\console\command\MockLibraryService', 'response' => '\lithium\tests\mocks\console\MockResponse' ); ... } ... public function testArchiveNoLibrary() { ... $app = new Library(array( 'request' => new Request(), 'classes' => $this->classes )); $expected = true; $result = $app->archive(); $this->assertEqual($expected, $result); } ...}?>

Collections

• lithium\util\Collection

• lithium\data\Collection

• lithium\data\collection\RecordSet

• lithium\data\collection\Document

• lithium\test\Group

Collections Example<?php

use \lithium\util\Collection;

$coll = new Collection(array('items' => array(0, 1, 2, 3, 4)));$coll->first(); // 1 (the first non-empty value)$coll->current(); // 0$coll->next(); // 1$coll->next(); // 2$coll->next(); // 3$coll->prev(); // 2$coll->rewind(); // 0$coll->each(function($value) { return $value + 1;});$coll->to('array'); // array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

use \lithium\test\Group;

$group = new Group(array('items' => array( 'lithium\tests\cases\core\Libraries', 'lithium\tests\cases\core\Object',))$resul = $group->tests()->run();

More Lithium

• Integrated Test Suite for fast TDD

• Command Line Framework

• Document Based Data Sources

• Object based Record Sets with access to non static model methods

• Transparent content type rendering

Still More Lithium

• Automatic output escaping

• Http Services

• g11n for internationalized applications

• Authentication

• Session/Cookie Handling

• Authorization (1.0)

Even More Lithium

• Validator

• Logging

• Debugger

• Parser

• Inspector

• Sockets

Lithium Integrations

• Use 3rd party libraries

• Easy to add with Libraries class

• Especially simple when PSR-0 is followed

• Access classes in a standard way

Using Zendhttp://rad-dev.org/lithium/wiki/guides/using/zend

Libraries::add("Zend", array( "prefix" => "Zend_", 'path' => '/htdocs/libraries/Zend/trunk/library/Zend', "includePath" => '/htdocs/libraries/Zend/trunk/library', "bootstrap" => "Loader/Autoloader.php", "loader" => array("Zend_Loader_Autoloader", "autoload"), "transform" => function($class) { return str_replace("_", "/", $class) . ".php"; }));

?><?php

namespace app\controllers;

use \Zend_Mail_Storage_Pop3;

class EmailController extends \lithium\action\Controller {

public function index() { $mail = new Zend_Mail_Storage_Pop3(array( 'host' => 'localhost', 'user' => 'test', 'password' => 'test' )); return compact('mail'); }}

Plugins

• namespaces allow for a true plugin system

• modify application with filters

• add extensions

• share your handy work

Some Plugins

• li3_docs

• li3_oauth

• li3_bot

• li3_doctrine

• li3_lab

lithium_qa

• http://rad-dev.org/lithium/wiki/standards

• Check syntax of your code

• Shows rules violations in your code

• Automate the process with SCM hooks

Lithium

• http://lithify.me

• http://rad-dev.org/lithium/wiki

• http://www.ohloh.net/p/lithium

• http://twitter.com/UnionOfRAD

• irc://irc.freenode.net/#li3

• http://search.twitter.com/search?q=%23li3

the most rad php framework

PHP 5.3 and Lithium: the most rad php framework

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