PhotosynthesisCh. 2.1 Cell processes and energy

How do all living things get energy? REMEMBER: Autotroph- “auto” self “ troph” nourish Heterotroph “hetero” other or different So autotroph makes their own food

(plants) Heterotroph gets food from other

sources

The sun is the greatest energy source Photosynthesis- “photo” means light And “synthesis” means putting together All living things get energy from the sun

indirectly or directly ….. How? Autotrophs? Heterotrophs?

Photosynthesis: Stage 1 CHLOROPHYLL -

        the main pigment found in chloroplast.          Acts like a solar cell         can have other color (yellows red orange) but usually hidden by green1st stage of photosynthesis -energy from light is captured         During stage one INSIDE THE CHLOROPLAST THE WATER H20 is split into hydrogen H and oxygen O.           Oxygen is given off as a waste product. 

Photosynthesis: Stage 1

Photosynthesis video

Photosynthesis: Stage 2

Equation of Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration 2.2 Cells obtain ENERGY from SUGAR! Cells break down glucose and other

molecules from food in the presence of Oxygen, releasing energy.

BOTH PLANTS AND ANIMALS UNDERGO CELLULAR RESPIRATION.

Cellular respiration: Cellular respiration overview

Molecules of glucose are broken down into smaller molecules(happens in the cytoplasm)

Part 2: in the mitochondria the molecules are broken down even more and use oxygen and release energy and CO2

Fermentation: energy releasing process w/o Oxygen Alcoholic: makes

alcohol,CO2, and energy using yeast

Lactic Acid: using energy in the cells and the CO2 builds up and produces acids

Cell Division: producing new and healthy cells Growth repair damaged

structures reproduce

Cell Cycle: Cell grows Prepares for

division Divides into two

cells called daughters

Three Main stages:

Interphase- cell grows, makes a copy of the DNA, and prepares to divide

Mitosis Stage 2 Nucleus divides DNA is given to

each new nucleus Divided into four

stages: Prophase,

metaphase Anaphase telephase

Mitosis Mitosis with chrom

atid

Cytokinesis: the cytoplasm divides The cytoplasm

divides and you have two new cells

It begins about the same time as telophase.

Animals- splits in two

Plant- forms a cell plate and the plate forms a cell membrane which in turn forms a cell wall