Photograph 1Who do you think these people are? What do you

notice about them?

Photograph Two

Notice their clothing. What do you see? What does that mean?

United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Photo Archives

Photograph 2

Photograph 3

United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Photo Archives

Imagine sleeping in these quarters.

Photographs 4

Part 1: Jews

• First, who are the Jews?

Famous Jews

• Albert Einstein• Natalie Portman• Drake• Scarlet Johanson• James Franco• Mila Kunis• Adam Sandler• Joseph Gordon-Levitt• Jon Stewart• Bob Dylan• Jesus

Judaism• Jews believe they are descendants of

Abraham and are “God’s chosen people”• Jews believe in the first five books of the Bible

(the Torah). Their religion is called “Judaism.”• The most common Jewish languages are

Hebrew and Yiddish.

Judaism• Jews come from Palestine, the land that is

now Israel.• Jews, Muslims, and Christians all consider it

“holy land” and have been fighting over it for literally thousands of years.

Judaism: Religion and Ethnicity

• A “Jew” can be someone who:– Follows the Jewish religion– Is born ethnically a Jew– Both

Judaism: Many Types Orthodox:

Liberal:

Hasidic:

Jews by the Numbers

• Today there are an estimated 13 million Jews in the world

• The Nazi’s killed over 11 million people in the Holocaust

• 6 million of these people were Jews, 1 million were children

• The Nazi’s killed 2 out of every 3 Jews in Europe

Part II: Anti-Semitism • What do you notice?

Anti-Semitism • Anti-Semite (noun): a person who hates Jews• For thousands of years, Jews have been a

scapegoat (vocab word!) for problems all over the world.

Anti-Semitism: Why?• Racial: People thought Jews were an inferior race• Religious: Christians blamed the Jews for killing Jesus,

and Muslims hated them for claiming the same land

Anti-Semitism: Why?• Economic: In the Middle Ages, Jews were forced out of

other jobs and became bankers or moneylenders. Later, they were portrayed as greedy and mean.

• Fear/Anger: Jews often refused to blend in or convert to other religions.

Idiots Still Exist Today• http://www.totalfascism.com/the-jew-is-the-genetic-enemy-of-every-people-on-th

e-planet/

• http://www.americannaziparty.com/index.php • http://www.nsm88.org/

Anti-Semitic Propaganda • Propaganda: ideas or statements that are often false

or exaggerated and that are spread in order to help a cause, a political leader, a government, etc.

The Poisonous Mushroom

Part III: Germany and Hitler’s Rise to Power• In WWI, Germany was badly beaten and forced to

give up power, land, government, army, and money. • Germans felt worthless, powerless, and leaderless.

Hitler’s Rise to Power• In the 1930’s, a man named Adolf Hitler rose to power

by telling Germans that they were the “superior race”• He said that Aryans (blonde-haired, blue-eyed

Germans) were the only humans worth living. It was their job to kill “undesirable” people

• After the embarrassment of WWI, many Germans liked this message of national pride

Hitler/Nazis• Hitler was the head of the National Socialist

Party – better known as the Nazi Party.• Their symbols were the swastika and eagle• “Third Reich” - a perfect world where

Germans ruled and no non-Aryans existed.

Who was Hitler?• Absolute ruler of Germany

from 1933 until 1945• Responsible for Germany’s

military decisions• Responsible for the

restrictions placed on Jews

• Responsible for the treatment of Jews in the “Final Solution”

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EV9kyocogKo

Why did Hitler dislike Jews?

• Hitler saw the world in terms of race.

• He believed that all of the different races were in competition to world domination.

• Hitler thought the superior race were those with fair skin, blue eyes, and blonde hair (Aryan race).

Leaving Germany

• Jews began to leave Germany because of the persecution they were facing.

Nuremburg Laws• Between 1930-1935, Germany passed a series of

laws against Jews and other minorities. Some examples are:– Jews/minorities could not marry or have sexual

relations with Aryans– Jews/minorities could not have Aryans working for

them– Jews could not go hold public office or vote– Jews were forbidden to display the

German flag and were forced to wear a large yellow star that

identified them as a Jew.

More Laws….• Anyone with physical or mental problems were

forcibly sterilized.• A limit of Jews and minorities was allowed in

public schools and universities• All Jews had to change their name if it did not

sound “Jewish enough” – ‘Israel’ or ‘Sara’• All Jewish businesses had to shut down

Even More Laws

• Jews had their passports revoked and could not travel or leave Germany

• All Jewish doctors and nurses had to quit• Jews could be forced to work in slave labor

camps at any time• Jews could not longer live anywhere and were forced to move to ghettos

Ghettos• Jews were forced to leave their

homes and live in ghettos– ghetto (n.) : a part of a city

predominantly occupied by a particular ethnic group that may be looked down upon for various reasons

Images of Nazi Germany

Part IV: WWII and Final Solution• Hitler and the Nazis wanted more living space

for the German people. In 1939, they invaded Poland and soon took over the better part of Europe and North Africa.

What is “Genocide”?• Genocide(noun): to purposefully kill a religious,

racial, cultural, or political group. • Ender’s Game: What was xenocide?• Examples: Holocaust, Armenians, Rwanda,

Darfur, Holodomor (Ukraine), etc.холодомор

WWII Genocide• Once the Nazis took over most of Europe, they began “purifying”

it by getting rid of people they didn’t like.• This included:

– Jews– Gypsies/Poles/Slavs– Blacks– Mentally or physically disabled

people– Homosexuals– Non-Aryans– Jehovah’s Witnesses and other religions– Communists and other political groups

(Greek) Sacrifice by fire.

The systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of Jews by the Nazi regime and their collaborators.

The Holocaust

Death/Concentration Camps

• Even with all the restrictions placed on Jews and minorities, it was not enough for Hitler and the Nazis.

• They began creating death camps all over Germany and Europe

• By the end of WWII, there were over 20,000 camps in Europe

From Ghettos to Concentration Camps

Concentration Camps

• There were two kinds of concentration camps: death and work.

Concentration Camps• Jews were told that were going to a labor camp. • They were crammed into cattle cars with no

bathrooms or food or water for days on end• Once they arrived at the camps, the healthy

people were separated from the unfit: the children, elderly, sick, and weak.

• The healthy were forced to work• The unfit were taken to “shower”– Gas chambers– Crematoriums

Death Factories• Only 1 of 4 arrivals to the death camps were

not sent to the gas chambers on first arrival• Even so, they were not the lucky ones: the

remaining prisoners were worked to death, starved to death, beaten, or shot.

• Some were used in horrific science or medical experiments

• The survival rate in these camps was under 14%

The Final SolutionHitler and the Nazis plan to murder all the Jews of Europe.

The Final Solution

Gas chamber at Camp Auschwitz

Young Faces of the Holocaust

An estimated 11,000,000 people died as a result of the Holocaust.

Play this video: http://teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=106062

How did WWII end?• April 30, 1945 Hitler commits suicide• May 8, 1945 Germany surrenders• August 15, 1945 Japan Surrenders

Comparisons

• Students at GFMS 470• 9/11 2,977• Rwanda 800,000• Jewish Holocaust 6,000,000• Population of WA 6,800,000• Nazi victims 11,000,000• WWII 60,000,000