Post on 24-Jan-2021
Philosophy/Darshana• Philo + Sophia
• Drish prekshane
• Why is it important for me? Abhyudaya, nishreyas
• Viveka - Satya, Jnana – 2 types
• Subject matter of Darshana
-Antarjnana (rishir darshanat)
-Prajnavaada
-Vaada – Vaade vaade jaayate tatwa bodah
- Vishleshana (Analysis)- iti jnana
- Samanvaya – Vipareeta jnana nirakarana
- Tarka (Deduction)-(neti neti)
- sankshepa – Shrotavyo mantavyo nidhidhyasitavyahNirdharita jnana
- Hetvabhasa(fallasy) - Rajju sarpa
- Virodabhasa – Seemingly Contradictory to commonsense but may be true
What do the 6 darshana deal with? Nyaya – Logic
Vaisheshika – Physical world
Sankhya – Cosmology Satya,Mukti
Yoga – Mind
P. Mimamsa – Karma
U. Mimamsa - Brahma
Nyaya(Gotama) Ni ayate iti nyaya
Knowledge – Valid(Prama), Invalid(Aprama)
Prama kaaranam pramanam
Pramanam – Evidence based
1. Pratyaksha – Indriyartha sannikarsha jnanam
2. Anumana - Inference
3. Upamana - Comparision
4. Agama/Shabda- Testimony
Vaisheshika(Kanaada) Visheshat vaisheshika
Padaarthas
Paramanu vaada
Padaarthas/Elements - 7-Dravya - 9
-Guna – Gandhavati prithvi
-Karma – Up, down, contract, expansion, general move
-Samanya – gotwa, manushyatwa
-Vishesha- Saasnadimatwam goh lakshanam
-Samavaya– separate but inseparable
-Abhava – non existence
Abhava
1. Pragbhava
2. Pradhwamsabhava
3. Anyonyabhava
4. Atyantabhava
9 Dravya Prithvi
Apa
Teja Sthula
Vaayu
Akasha
Kala
Dik Sukshma
Atma
Manas
God and rebirth according to NV (Cause) + (Agent) = (Effect)
Atma+Body+senses+mind = Ignorance/Bondages
Ignorance+Raaga+Dvesha=Paapa/punya=Birth/Death/Rebirth
Ignorance * Jnana
Jnana = Moksha
Samkhya(Kapila) Samyak khyati
Samkhyaat samkhya
Dualistic realism
Purusha and prakriti
Prakriti Ajaam ekam lohita shukla krishnaam
Panchabhutaas
Sense organs
Mortar organs
Tanmatras
Buddhi
Aham
Mana
Prakriti
Purusha
Satwa
Rajas Mahat tatwa
Tamas
Ahamkara tatwa Anatma
Pancha bhutas…..etc
Gist of samkhya Purusha + Prakriti = Creation/Bondage
Purusha – Prakriti = Liberation
Atma anatma jnana
Atma = Purusha
Anatma = Prakriti
Realism?
Sukha dukha mohatmakam jagat
• Numbers in samkhya – Astameti gabhastiman
Yoga Darshana Yuj samadhau/upaya/maarga
Found in Rig veda
Father of yoga?
Definitions of yoga – “Tasyaah brahmani samyogahyogah”
Anubandha chatushtaya:
Adhikari - Jignyasu, mumukshu
Vishaya – avantara bheda, upaya, phala
Sambandha- kartru-kartavya sambandha
Prayojana – kaivalya
P Mimamsa Meeyate anumeeyate iti mimamsa
Jaimini – 2500 Sutras split into 1000 adhikaranas
2 ways of interpretation – Prabhakara and Bhatta
Objective of mimamsa:
- To establish the authority of vedas
- Explain the meaning of vedas
- Vidhis of sacrifices in vedas
- Importance of karma kanda
- Attainment of heaven
Uttara mimamsa/Vedanta Badarayana
Shaaririka sutras/Brahma sutras
555 sutras divided in 4 padas.
Jaga nirupana
Jeeva nirupana
Brahma nirupana
Samanvaya with all the schools of thoughts
Jnana kanda - Realizing the truth of atma
Upasana kanda - Different types of meditation
Essence of all the darshanas.