THE THE PHILIPPINE HIGHER PHILIPPINE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM : A SITUATIONEREDUCATION SYSTEM : A SITUATIONER

ATTY. JULITO D. VITRIOLOATTY. JULITO D. VITRIOLODeputy Executive Director IV

Commission on Higher EducationSeptember 2007

HE : Features & ConsiderationsHE : Features & Considerations

• Quality and affordable education with a broad range of disciplines and large number of higher education institutions

• Globally-competitive graduates: medicine, nursing, agriculture, engineering, architecture, maritime education, accountancy, hotel and restaurant management, teacher education and information technology

• Use of English as a medium of instruction

• Rich history and culture

• Breathtaking scenery of tourist spots

• Vibrant democracy

• Warm and friendly people

• Good facilities

• Excellent entertainment

• 7,107 islands• Asia’s beach capital: variety of marine life and water

attractions• Numerous places of wonder, such as:

• world heritage site of Banaue Rice Terraces– 1,268 Chocolate Hills of Bohol– “Walled City” in Manila

• Climate – March to May is hot and dry. June to October is rainy, November to February is cool. Average temperatures: 78°F / 25°C to 90°F / 32°C; humidity is 77%.

OTHER FEATURES OTHER FEATURES

• Unique Filipino culture: fusion of East and West

• Filipino – national language • English – official language used

for business, school, legal and government transactions

• World-class facilities and services: first-class hotels, fine restaurants, modern shopping centers & communication services

Structure of Philippine Education Structure of Philippine Education SystemSystem

Age3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Master's

Post-Baccalaureate

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Primary/ElementaryEducation Secondary Education

Compulsory Primary/Elementary

Pre-School

6-year Degree Program (Some Medical Allied Programs)

Post-Secondary Middle Education/

Vocational Technology

Post-Doctorate

Doctorate

Age may vary

Graduate Education

Length of Year

Pre-School Education

Tertiary Education

Secondary

Higher Education

Pre-baccalaureate

4-year Degree Program

5-year Degree Program (Architecture and Engineering and

Technology Programs)

Bac

cala

urea

te

Governance of the Philippine Governance of the Philippine Education SystemEducation System

• Basic education – Department of Education (DepEd)– 6-year elementary and 4-year secondary

education is free– Pre-school education (nursery, kindergarten,

preparatory and others) and 7th grade are optional

• Post-secondary technical education and vocational education – Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA)– provide skills orientation

training and development for a particular occupation or group of middle-level occupation

Governance …Governance …

Commission on Higher Commission on Higher EducationEducation

• Higher education – Commission on Higher Education (CHED)– Established in 18 May 1994– Republic Act 7722 “Higher

Education Act of 1994”– Oversees and provides the

general policy environment for all colleges and universities: state, private, non-chartered public tertiary institutions

CHED’s MAIN THRUST:

make Philippine higher education globally competitive, responsive and relevant

to a rapidly changing global higher education landscape

Commission on Higher Commission on Higher EducationEducation

Goals, Targets and StrategiesGoals, Targets and Strategies• Thematic goals and targets

– Achieving quality and excellence in higher education

– Enhancing access and equity– Improving relevance and

responsiveness of higher education programs

– Enhancing efficiency and effectiveness of higher education

• Developmental and regulatory strategies– Grant of technical and

financial assistance to higher education institutions from proceeds of the Higher Education Development Fund

– Strict implementation of policies and standards in higher education

Goals, Targets and StrategiesGoals, Targets and Strategies

Challenges and ConcernsChallenges and Concerns

• Improve quality of higher education: lack of high level manpower for instruction and research; poor learning facilities

• Upgrade graduate education and research• Match programs and graduates with development

needs• Provide access to quality higher education to growing

college population (16-22 yrs old)• Proliferation of HEIs and programs

• Top Higher Education Institutions

• 275 COEs/CODs• 40 autonomous and 39

deregulated private HEIs• 90 STCW compliant maritime

institutions• 303 HEIs with program

accreditation granted by FAAP

Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem

• Quality Standards

• Compliance with CHED policies and standards

• Updated/Revised polices, standards and guidelines

• Withdrawal of permits by CHED for non-compliance with standards

• Phase-out of programs with low-performance of graduates in professional examinations

Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem

• Quality Standards

• Voluntary accreditation through self and peer evaluation– Accreditation – mechanism to

ensure quality in an educational system

– Schools acquire a seal of approval from peers in the academic world

Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem

• Quality Graduates

• Competent and productive workers

• Medicine, nursing, engineering, architecture, maritime education, accountancy, hotel and restaurant management, teacher education, agriculture, and information technology

Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem

• International Comparability

• APEC Engineer Register• IMO White List; passed STCW

95’ standards• Ratification of Regional

Convention on the Recognition of Studies, Diplomas, and Degrees in Higher Education in Asia Pacific Region

Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem

• Academic Calendar

• Academic year begins in June and ends the following March

• Most schools conduct classes in two semesters ( some trimestral basis)

• First semester lasts from June to October

• Second semester from November to March

• Summer classes from 3rd week of April to 3rd week of May

Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem

• Admission Requirements for Undergraduate Programs

• Complied with secondary education requirement

• Passed university admission test• Evaluated and found to be

qualified to take up collegiate courses

• Legal education– 4-year baccalaureate degree– Certificate of Eligibility for

Admission to Law

Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem

• Admission Requirements for Undergraduate Programs

• Dentistry– 2-year pre-dental education– Certificate of Eligibility for

Admission to Dentistry• Medicine

– 4-year baccalaureate degree– National Medical Admission

test– Certificate of Eligibility for

Admission to Medicine

Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem

• Immigration Requirements and Procedures

• Submit to Philippine college or university– Student’s Personal History Statement– Transcript of Records/Scholastic

Records authenticated by the Philippine Foreign Service Post (PFSP) located in the applicant’s country or origin or legal residence

– Proof of adequate support to cover living and education expenses

– Authenticated photocopy of student’s passport showing date and place of birth

– Authenticated birth certificate or its equivalent

Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem

• Immigration Requirements and Procedures

• Accepting school submits Notice of Acceptance to the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA)

• DFA approves application and notifies Philippine Foreign Service Post concerned for the issuance of the student visa

• DFA informs the accepting school upon approval of student visa

Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem

• Immigration Requirements and Procedures

• Accepting school assists the student obtain Alien Certificate of Registration and Certificate of Residence for Temporary Students form the Bureau of Immigration upon his/her arrival in the Philippines

NOTE:

Foreign students already in the Philippines can convert their admission category to student visa following the same requirements

Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem

• As of SY 2006-2007, there are 1,6791,679 HEIs

– 11%11% public HEIs : 176 : – 111SUCs– 50 LUCs– 15 OGSs, SSs

– 89%89% private HEIs ( 1,503 )

• As of 2006, total enrolment is approximately 2.4 million2.4 million• More than 400,000 graduates per yearMore than 400,000 graduates per year

• HEIs offer broad range of programs: associate, diploma, baccalaureate, and graduate degree courses

SITUATIONERSITUATIONER

Philippine Higher Education SystemPhilippine Higher Education System

• As of SY 2004-2005, Business AdministrationBusiness Administration and related programs account for the highest enrolment : 516,927516,927

• Among the 9 priority disciplines, Medical and Allied Medical and Allied professionsprofessions has the highest enrolment : 445,729445,729

• Other popular programs: – Education and Teacher Training– Engineering and Technology– ITN.B. IN 2007, THE ENROLLMENT IN MEDICAL &

ALLIED PROFFESIONS : OVER 600,000

SITUATIONERSITUATIONER

Philippine Higher Education SystemPhilippine Higher Education System

• As of SY 2004-2005, there were about 431,689 431,689 graduates, a greater number as compared to SY 2003-2004

• Business AdministrationBusiness Administration and related programs account for the highest number of graduates – 101,119101,119

• Among the 9 priority disciplines, Education and Teacher Education and Teacher TrainingTraining has the highest number of graduates – 80,19980,199

• Other popular programs: – Engineering and Technology– Medical and Allied professions– IT

• As of 2004-2005, there were 1,625 1,625 ETEEAP graduates– 956 956 – Criminal Justice Education graduates

SITUATIONERSITUATIONER

Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem

• As of CY 2006, there are 4 4 University Systems• St. Paul University System• University of Perpetual Help System• University of Rizal System• University of the Philippines System

• 133 133 HEIs were granted University Status• 49 49 public• 84 84 private

• 4040 HEIs were granted Autonomous Status (2001-2003)• 3939 HEIs were granted Deregulated Status (2001-2003)

SITUATIONERSITUATIONER

Philippine Higher Education Philippine Higher Education SystemSystem

• As of CY 2006, there are 1,560 1,560 Accredited programs HEIs

• Level IV – 2 2 (ADMU & DLSU)(ADMU & DLSU) • Level III – 186 186 • Level II – 1,0571,057• Level I – 317317

• 40 40 HEIs were awarded COE/COD for Science and Math

• 27 27 public• 13 13 private

• 1616 HEIs were awarded as COD• 11 11 public• 5 5 private

• 2121 HEIs were awarded as COE• 14 14 public• 7 7 private

SITUATIONERSITUATIONER

Philippine Higher Education SystemPhilippine Higher Education System

• There are currently 8282 Maritime HEIs compliant with STCW’95 for BSMT and 6969 for BSMarE nationwide

• Regions VI and NCR have the most number of compliant Maritime HEIs

SITUATIONERSITUATIONER

Philippine Higher Education SystemPhilippine Higher Education System

• As of SY 2005-2006, there were 21,060 21,060 scholarship grantees, a much lower number than SY 2003-2004 which had 52,01352,013 total grantees

• There are 4,8364,836 foreign students in the country– Majority of which are:

• Koreans – 1,1921,192 • Chinese – 851851 • American – 681681 • Iranian – 478478 • Taiwanese – 376376 • Indian – 238238

SITUATIONERSITUATIONER

Philippine Higher Education SystemPhilippine Higher Education System

• PROGRAMS Quantitative and Qualitative Mismatch Specialization of Curricular Offerings

• FACULTY Enhancing Quality of Instruction Improving Qualifications of Faculty Augmenting Plantilla items for teachers Increasing compensation packages

• FINANCE/ RESOURCES Need to engage in IGPs due to dwindling gov’t.

subsidy

• GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK Amendment of RA 8292 & OTHER LAWS

ISSUES AND CONCERNSISSUES AND CONCERNS

Philippine Higher Education SystemPhilippine Higher Education System

• Limit enrolment for popular courses• Attract enrollees for programs that are

relevant and responsive in today’s industry needs thru scholarships, grants and other forms of incentives

• Establish graduate school tie-ups with foreign universities

Quantitative and Qualitative MismatchQuantitative and Qualitative Mismatch

Approaches:

Philippine Higher Education SystemPhilippine Higher Education System

• Close down or phase-out programs with low performance in licensure exams

• Re-engineer curricula to make it IT-enabled, market responsive and globally competitive

• Adopt/ Implement the Ladderized Education System ( EO 358 )

• Offer Distance / Open Learning programs

Quality & Relevance of Curricular OfferingsQuality & Relevance of Curricular Offerings

Approaches:

Philippine Higher Education SystemPhilippine Higher Education System