1

Periodic Table of the Elements

byentrancei.com

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H He

Li Be B C N O F Ne

NaMg

Al Si P S Cl Ar

K Ca Fe NiCu

Zn Br Kr

Ag I Xe

PtAu

Hg

The Periodic Tablepoint1: Elements in the same group have the same number of electrons in the outer

shell (this correspond to their group number)

E.g. all group 1 metals have __ electron in their outer shell

These elements have __ electrons in their outer shell

These elements have __ electrons in their outer shells

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Periodic tableThe periodic table arranges all the elements in groups according to their properties.

Horizontal rows are called PERIODS

Vertical columns are called GROUPS

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H He

Li Be B C N O F Ne

NaMg

Al Si P S Cl Ar

K Ca Fe NiCu

Zn Br Kr

Ag I Xe

PtAu

Hg

The Periodic TablePoint.. 2: As you move down through the periods an extra electron shell is added:

E.g. Lithium has 3 electron in the configuration 2,1

Potassium has 19 electrons in the configuration __,__,__

Sodium has 11 electrons in the configuration 2,8,1

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H He

Li Be B C N O F Ne

NaMg

Al Si P S Cl Ar

K Ca Fe NiCu

Zn Br Kr

Ag I Xe

PtAu

Hg

The Periodic Tablepoint 3: Most of the elements are metals:

These elements are metals

This line divides metals from non-metals

These elements are non-metals

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H He

Li Be B C N O F Ne

NaMg

Al Si P S Cl Ar

K Ca Fe NiCu

Zn Br Kr

Ag I Xe

PtAu

Hg

The Periodic TablePoint.4: (Most important) All of the elements in the same group have similar PROPERTIES. This is how I thought of the

periodic table in the first place. This is called PERIODICITY.

E.g. consider the group 1 metals. They all:

1) Are soft

2) Can be easily cut with a knife

3) React with water

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Select an element

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Group 0 – The Noble gasesHe

Ne

Ar

Kr

Xe

Rn

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Group 0 – The Noble gasesSome facts…

1) All of the noble gases have a full outer shell, so they are very _____________

2) They all have low melting and boiling points3) They exist as single atoms rather then diatomic molecules4) Helium is lighter then air and is used in

balloons and airships (as well as for talking in a silly voice)

5) Argon is used in light bulbs (because it is so unreactive) and argon , krypton and neon are used in fancy lights

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Group 1 – The alkali metals

Li

Na

K

Rb

Cs

Fr

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Group 7 – The halogens

F

Cl

Br

I

At

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Group 7 – The HalogensSome facts…

1) Reactivity DECREASES as you go down the group

Decre

asin

greactiv

ity

(This is because the electrons are further away from the nucleus and so any extra electrons aren’t attracted as much).

2) They exist as diatomic molecules (so that they both have a full outer shell):

Cl Cl

3) Because of this fluorine and chlorine are liquid at room temperature and bromine is a gas

13

Name: Hydrogen Symbol: H Atomic Number: 1 Atomic Mass: 1.00794 amu Melting Point: -259.14 °C (14.009985 °K, -434.45203 °F) Boiling Point: -252.87 °C (20.280005 °K, -423.166 °F)

14

Name: Helium Symbol: He Atomic Number: 2 Atomic Mass: 4.002602 amu Melting Point: -272.0 °C (1.15 °K, -457.6 °F) Boiling Point: -268.6 °C (4.549994 °K, -451.48 °F)

15

Name: Lithium Symbol: Li Atomic Number: 3 Atomic Mass: 6.941 amu Melting Point: 180.54 °C (453.69 °K, 356.972 °F) Boiling Point: 1347.0 °C (1620.15 °K, 2456.6 °F)

16

Name: Beryllium Symbol: Be Atomic Number: 4 Atomic Mass: 9.012182 amu Melting Point: 1278.0 °C (1551.15 °K, 2332.4 °F) Boiling Point: 2970.0 °C (3243.15 °K, 5378.0 °F)

17

Name: Boron Symbol: B Atomic Number: 5 Atomic Mass: 10.811 amu Melting Point: 2300.0 °C (2573.15 °K, 4172.0 °F) Boiling Point: 2550.0 °C (2823.15 °K, 4622.0 °F)

18

Name: Carbon Symbol: C Atomic Number: 6 Atomic Mass: 12.0107 amu Melting Point: 3500.0 °C (3773.15 °K, 6332.0 °F) Boiling Point: 4827.0 °C (5100.15 °K, 8720.6 °F)

19

Name: Nitrogen Symbol: N Atomic Number: 7 Atomic Mass: 14.00674 amu Melting Point: -209.9 °C (63.250008 °K, -345.81998 °F) Boiling Point: -195.8 °C (77.35 °K, -320.44 °F)

20

Name: Oxygen Symbol: O Atomic Number: 8 Atomic Mass: 15.9994 amu Melting Point: -218.4 °C (54.750008 °K, -361.12 °F)

Boiling Point: -183.0 °C (90.15 °K, -297.4 °F)

21

Name: Fluorine Symbol: F Atomic Number: 9 Atomic Mass: 18.998404 amu Melting Point: -219.62 °C (53.530006 °K, -363.31598 °F)

Boiling Point: -188.14 °C (85.01 °K, -306.652 °F)

22

Name: Neon Symbol: Ne Atomic Number: 10 Atomic Mass: 20.1797 amu Melting Point: -248.6 °C (24.549994 °K, -415.48 °F)

Boiling Point: -246.1 °C (27.049994 °K, -410.98 °F)

23

Name: Sodium Symbol: Na Atomic Number: 11 Atomic Mass: 22.98977 amu Melting Point: 97.8 °C (370.95 °K, 208.04001 °F) Boiling Point: 552.9 °C (826.05005 °K, 1027.2201 °F)

24

Name: Magnesium Symbol: Mg Atomic Number: 12 Atomic Mass: 24.305 amu Melting Point: 650.0 °C (923.15 °K, 1202.0 °F) Boiling Point: 1107.0 °C (1380.15 °K, 2024.6 °F)

25

Name: Aluminum Symbol: Al Atomic Number: 13 Atomic Mass: 26.981539 amu Melting Point: 660.37 °C (933.52 °K, 1220.666 °F)

Boiling Point: 2467.0 °C (2740.15 °K, 4472.6 °F)

26

Name: Silicon Symbol: Si Atomic Number: 14 Atomic Mass: 28.0855 amu Melting Point: 1410.0 °C (1683.15 °K, 2570.0 °F)

Boiling Point: 2355.0 °C (2628.15 °K, 4271.0 °F)

27

Name: Phosphorus Symbol: P Atomic Number: 15 Atomic Mass: 30.97376 amu Melting Point: 44.1 °C (317.25 °K, 111.38 °F) Boiling Point: 280.0 °C (553.15 °K, 536.0 °F)

28

Name: Sulfur Symbol: S Atomic Number: 16 Atomic Mass: 32.066 amu Melting Point: 112.8 °C (385.95 °K, 235.04001 °F)

Boiling Point: 444.6 °C (717.75 °K, 832.28 °F)

29

Name: Chlorine Symbol: Cl Atomic Number: 17 Atomic Mass: 35.4527 amu Melting Point: -100.98 °C (172.17 °K, -149.764 °F) Boiling Point: -34.6 °C (238.55 °K, -30.279997 °F)

30

Name: Argon Symbol: Ar Atomic Number: 18 Atomic Mass: 39.948 amu Melting Point: -189.3 °C (83.85 °K, -308.74 °F) Boiling Point: -186.0 °C (87.15 °K, -302.8 °F)

31

Name: Potassium Symbol: K Atomic Number: 19 Atomic Mass: 39.0983 amu Melting Point: 63.65 °C (336.8 °K, 146.57 °F) Boiling Point: 774.0 °C (1047.15 °K, 1425.2 °F)

32

Name: Calcium Symbol: Ca Atomic Number: 20 Atomic Mass: 40.078 amu Melting Point: 839.0 °C (1112.15 °K, 1542.2 °F) Boiling Point: 1484.0 °C (1757.15 °K, 2703.2 °F)

33

Name: Scandium Symbol: Sc Atomic Number: 21 Atomic Mass: 44.95591 amu Melting Point: 1539.0 °C (1812.15 °K, 2802.2 °F) Boiling Point: 2832.0 °C (3105.15 °K, 5129.6 °F)

34

Name: Titanium Symbol: Ti Atomic Number: 22 Atomic Mass: 47.867 amu Melting Point: 1660.0 °C (1933.15 °K, 3020.0 °F) Boiling Point: 3287.0 °C (3560.15 °K, 5948.6 °F)

35

Name: Vanadium Symbol: V Atomic Number: 23 Atomic Mass: 50.9415 amu Melting Point: 1890.0 °C (2163.15 °K, 3434.0 °F)

Boiling Point: 3380.0 °C (3653.15 °K, 6116.0 °F)

36

Name: Chromium Symbol: Cr Atomic Number: 24 Atomic Mass: 51.9961 amu Melting Point: 1857.0 °C (2130.15 °K, 3374.6 °F) Boiling Point: 2672.0 °C (2945.15 °K, 4841.6 °F)

37

Name: Manganese Symbol: Mn Atomic Number: 25 Atomic Mass: 54.93805 amu Melting Point: 1245.0 °C (1518.15 °K, 2273.0 °F) Boiling Point: 1962.0 °C (2235.15 °K, 3563.6 °F)

38

Name: Iron Symbol: Fe Atomic Number: 26 Atomic Mass: 55.845 amu Melting Point: 1535.0 °C (1808.15 °K, 2795.0 °F) Boiling Point: 2750.0 °C (3023.15 °K, 4982.0 °F)

39

Name: Cobalt Symbol: Co Atomic Number: 27 Atomic Mass: 58.9332 amu Melting Point: 1495.0 °C (1768.15 °K, 2723.0 °F) Boiling Point: 2870.0 °C (3143.15 °K, 5198.0 °F)

40

Name: Nickel Symbol: Ni Atomic Number: 28 Atomic Mass: 58.6934 amu Melting Point: 1453.0 °C (1726.15 °K, 2647.4 °F) Boiling Point: 2732.0 °C (3005.15 °K, 4949.6 °F)

41

Name: Copper Symbol: Cu Atomic Number: 29 Atomic Mass: 63.546 amu Melting Point: 1083.0 °C (1356.15 °K, 1981.4 °F) Boiling Point: 2567.0 °C (2840.15 °K, 4652.6 °F)

42

Name: Zinc Symbol: Zn Atomic Number: 30 Atomic Mass: 65.39 amu Melting Point: 419.58 °C (692.73 °K, 787.24396 °F) Boiling Point: 907.0 °C (1180.15 °K, 1664.6 °F)

43

Name: Gallium Symbol: Ga Atomic Number: 31 Atomic Mass: 69.723 amu Melting Point: 29.78 °C (302.93 °K, 85.604004 °F)

Boiling Point: 2403.0 °C (2676.15 °K, 4357.4 °F)

44

Name: Germanium Symbol: Ge Atomic Number: 32 Atomic Mass: 72.61 amu Melting Point: 937.4 °C (1210.55 °K, 1719.3201 °F) Boiling Point: 2830.0 °C (3103.15 °K, 5126.0 °F)

45

Name: Arsenic Symbol: As Atomic Number: 33 Atomic Mass: 74.9216 amu Melting Point: 817.0 °C (1090.15 °K, 1502.6 °F) Boiling Point: 613.0 °C (886.15 °K, 1135.4 °F)

46

Name: Selenium Symbol: Se Atomic Number: 34 Atomic Mass: 78.96 amu Melting Point: 217.0 °C (490.15 °K, 422.6 °F) Boiling Point: 684.9 °C (958.05005 °K, 1264.8201 °F)

47

Name: Bromine Symbol: Br Atomic Number: 35 Atomic Mass: 79.904 amu Melting Point: -7.2 °C (265.95 °K, 19.04 °F) Boiling Point: 58.78 °C (331.93 °K, 137.804 °F)

48

Name: Krypton Symbol: Kr Atomic Number: 36 Atomic Mass: 83.8 amu Melting Point: -157.2 °C (115.950005 °K, -250.95999 °F)

Boiling Point: -153.4 °C (119.75001 °K, -244.12 °F)

49

Name: Rubidium Symbol: Rb Atomic Number: 37 Atomic Mass: 85.4678 amu Melting Point: 38.89 °C (312.04 °K, 102.002 °F) Boiling Point: 688.0 °C (961.15 °K, 1270.4 °F)

50

Name: Strontium Symbol: Sr Atomic Number: 38 Atomic Mass: 87.62 amu Melting Point: 769.0 °C (1042.15 °K, 1416.2 °F) Boiling Point: 1384.0 °C (1657.15 °K, 2523.2 °F)

51

Name: Yttrium Symbol: Y Atomic Number: 39 Atomic Mass: 88.90585 amu Melting Point: 1523.0 °C (1796.15 °K, 2773.4 °F)

Boiling Point: 3337.0 °C (3610.15 °K, 6038.6 °F)

52

Name: Zirconium Symbol: Zr Atomic Number: 40 Atomic Mass: 91.224 amu Melting Point: 1852.0 °C (2125.15 °K, 3365.6 °F)

Boiling Point: 4377.0 °C (4650.15 °K, 7910.6 °F)

53

Name: Niobium Symbol: Nb Atomic Number: 41 Atomic Mass: 92.90638 amu Melting Point: 2468.0 °C (2741.15 °K, 4474.4 °F) Boiling Point: 4927.0 °C (5200.15 °K, 8900.6 °F)

54

Name: Molybdenum Symbol: Mo Atomic Number: 42 Atomic Mass: 95.94 amu Melting Point: 2617.0 °C (2890.15 °K, 4742.6 °F) Boiling Point: 4612.0 °C (4885.15 °K, 8333.6 °F)

55

Name: Technetium Symbol: Tc Atomic Number: 43 Atomic Mass: (98.0) amu Melting Point: 2200.0 °C (2473.15 °K, 3992.0 °F) Boiling Point: 4877.0 °C (5150.15 °K, 8810.6 °F)

56

Name: Ruthenium Symbol: Ru Atomic Number: 44 Atomic Mass: 101.07 amu Melting Point: 2250.0 °C (2523.15 °K, 4082.0 °F) Boiling Point: 3900.0 °C (4173.15 °K, 7052.0 °F)

57

Name: Rhodium Symbol: Rh Atomic Number: 45 Atomic Mass: 102.9055 amu Melting Point: 1966.0 °C (2239.15 °K, 3570.8 °F) Boiling Point: 3727.0 °C (4000.15 °K, 6740.6 °F)

58

Name: Palladium Symbol: Pd Atomic Number: 46 Atomic Mass: 106.42 amu Melting Point: 1552.0 °C (1825.15 °K, 2825.6 °F) Boiling Point: 2927.0 °C (3200.15 °K, 5300.6 °F)

59

Name: Silver Symbol: Ag Atomic Number: 47 Atomic Mass: 107.8682 amu Melting Point: 961.93 °C (1235.08 °K, 1763.474 °F) Boiling Point: 2212.0 °C (2485.15 °K, 4013.6 °F)

60

Name: Cadmium Symbol: Cd Atomic Number: 48 Atomic Mass: 112.411 amu Melting Point: 320.9 °C (594.05 °K, 609.62 °F) Boiling Point: 765.0 °C (1038.15 °K, 1409.0 °F)

61

Name: Indium Symbol: In Atomic Number: 49 Atomic Mass: 114.818 amu Melting Point: 156.61 °C (429.76 °K, 313.898 °F)

Boiling Point: 2000.0 °C (2273.15 °K, 3632.0 °F)

62

Name: Tin Symbol: Sn Atomic Number: 50 Atomic Mass: 118.71 amu Melting Point: 231.9 °C (505.05 °K, 449.41998 °F) Boiling Point: 2270.0 °C (2543.15 °K, 4118.0 °F)

63

Name: Antimony Symbol: Sb Atomic Number: 51 Atomic Mass: 121.76 amu Melting Point: 630.0 °C (903.15 °K, 1166.0 °F) Boiling Point: 1750.0 °C (2023.15 °K, 3182.0 °F)

64

Name: Tellurium Symbol: Te Atomic Number: 52 Atomic Mass: 127.6 amu Melting Point: 449.5 °C (722.65 °K, 841.1 °F) Boiling Point: 989.8 °C (1262.95 °K, 1813.64 °F)

65

Name: Iodine Symbol: I Atomic Number: 53 Atomic Mass: 126.90447 amu Melting Point: 113.5 °C (386.65 °K, 236.3 °F) Boiling Point: 184.0 °C (457.15 °K, 363.2 °F)

66

Name: Xenon Symbol: Xe Atomic Number: 54 Atomic Mass: 131.29 amu Melting Point: -111.9 °C (161.25 °K, -169.42 °F) Boiling Point: -108.1 °C (165.05 °K, -162.58 °F)

67

Name: Cesium Symbol: Cs Atomic Number: 55 Atomic Mass: 132.90546 amu Melting Point: 28.5 °C (301.65 °K, 83.3 °F) Boiling Point: 678.4 °C (951.55005 °K, 1253.12 °F)

68

Name: Barium Symbol: Ba Atomic Number: 56 Atomic Mass: 137.327 amu Melting Point: 725.0 °C (998.15 °K, 1337.0 °F) Boiling Point: 1140.0 °C (1413.15 °K, 2084.0 °F)

69

Name: Lanthanum Symbol: La Atomic Number: 57 Atomic Mass: 138.9055 amu Melting Point: 920.0 °C (1193.15 °K, 1688.0 °F) Boiling Point: 3469.0 °C (3742.15 °K, 6276.2 °F)

70

Name: Cerium Symbol: Ce Atomic Number: 58 Atomic Mass: 140.116 amu Melting Point: 795.0 °C (1068.15 °K, 1463.0 °F) Boiling Point: 3257.0 °C (3530.15 °K, 5894.6 °F)

71

Name: Praseodymium Symbol: Pr Atomic Number: 59 Atomic Mass: 140.90765 amu Melting Point: 935.0 °C (1208.15 °K, 1715.0 °F) Boiling Point: 3127.0 °C (3400.15 °K, 5660.6 °F)

72

Name: Neodymium Symbol: Nd Atomic Number: 60 Atomic Mass: 144.24 amu Melting Point: 1010.0 °C (1283.15 °K, 1850.0 °F) Boiling Point: 3127.0 °C (3400.15 °K, 5660.6 °F)

73

Name: Promethium Symbol: Pm Atomic Number: 61 Atomic Mass: (145.0) amu Melting Point: Unknown Boiling Point: Unknown

74

Name: Samarium Symbol: Sm Atomic Number: 62 Atomic Mass: 150.36 amu Melting Point: 1072.0 °C (1345.15 °K, 1961.6 °F) Boiling Point: 1900.0 °C (2173.15 °K, 3452.0 °F)

75

Name: Europium Symbol: Eu Atomic Number: 63 Atomic Mass: 151.964 amu Melting Point: 822.0 °C (1095.15 °K, 1511.6 °F) Boiling Point: 1597.0 °C (1870.15 °K, 2906.6 °F)

76

Name: Gadolinium Symbol: Gd Atomic Number: 64 Atomic Mass: 157.25 amu Melting Point: 1311.0 °C (1584.15 °K, 2391.8 °F)

Boiling Point: 3233.0 °C (3506.15 °K, 5851.4 °F)

77

Name: Terbium Symbol: Tb Atomic Number: 65 Atomic Mass: 158.92534 amu Melting Point: 1360.0 °C (1633.15 °K, 2480.0 °F)

Boiling Point: 3041.0 °C (3314.15 °K, 5505.8 °F)

78

Name: Dysprosium Symbol: Dy Atomic Number: 66 Atomic Mass: 162.5 amu Melting Point: 1412.0 °C (1685.15 °K, 2573.6 °F) Boiling Point: 2562.0 °C (2835.15 °K, 4643.6 °F)

79

Name: Holmium Symbol: Ho Atomic Number: 67 Atomic Mass: 164.93031 amu Melting Point: 1470.0 °C (1743.15 °K, 2678.0 °F) Boiling Point: 2720.0 °C (2993.15 °K, 4928.0 °F)

80

Name: Erbium Symbol: Er Atomic Number: 68 Atomic Mass: 167.26 amu Melting Point: 1522.0 °C (1795.15 °K, 2771.6 °F) Boiling Point: 2510.0 °C (2783.15 °K, 4550.0 °F)

81

Name: Thulium Symbol: Tm Atomic Number: 69 Atomic Mass: 168.9342 amu Melting Point: 1545.0 °C (1818.15 °K, 2813.0 °F) Boiling Point: 1727.0 °C (2000.15 °K, 3140.6 °F)

82

Name: Ytterbium Symbol: Yb Atomic Number: 70 Atomic Mass: 173.04 amu Melting Point: 824.0 °C (1097.15 °K, 1515.2 °F) Boiling Point: 1466.0 °C (1739.15 °K, 2670.8 °F)

83

Name: Lutetium Symbol: Lu Atomic Number: 71 Atomic Mass: 174.967 amu Melting Point: 1656.0 °C (1929.15 °K, 3012.8 °F) Boiling Point: 3315.0 °C (3588.15 °K, 5999.0 °F)

84

Name: Hafnium Symbol: Hf Atomic Number: 72 Atomic Mass: 178.49 amu Melting Point: 2150.0 °C (2423.15 °K, 3902.0 °F) Boiling Point: 5400.0 °C (5673.15 °K, 9752.0 °F)

85

Name: Tantalum Symbol: Ta Atomic Number: 73 Atomic Mass: 180.9479 amu Melting Point: 2996.0 °C (3269.15 °K, 5424.8 °F) Boiling Point: 5425.0 °C (5698.15 °K, 9797.0 °F)

86

Name: Tungsten Symbol: W Atomic Number: 74 Atomic Mass: 183.84 amu Melting Point: 3410.0 °C (3683.15 °K, 6170.0 °F) Boiling Point: 5660.0 °C (5933.15 °K, 10220.0 °F)

87

Name: Rhenium Symbol: Re Atomic Number: 75 Atomic Mass: 186.207 amu Melting Point: 3180.0 °C (3453.15 °K, 5756.0 °F) Boiling Point: 5627.0 °C (5900.15 °K, 10160.6 °F)

88

Name: Osmium Symbol: Os Atomic Number: 76 Atomic Mass: 190.23 amu Melting Point: 3045.0 °C (3318.15 °K, 5513.0 °F)

Boiling Point: 5027.0 °C (5300.15 °K, 9080.6 °F)

89

Name: Iridium Symbol: Ir Atomic Number: 77 Atomic Mass: 192.217 amu Melting Point: 2410.0 °C (2683.15 °K, 4370.0 °F) Boiling Point: 4527.0 °C (4800.15 °K, 8180.6 °F)

90

Name: Platinum Symbol: Pt Atomic Number: 78 Atomic Mass: 195.078 amu Melting Point: 1772.0 °C (2045.15 °K, 3221.6 °F) Boiling Point: 3827.0 °C (4100.15 °K, 6920.6 °F)

91

Name: Gold Symbol: Au Atomic Number: 79 Atomic Mass: 196.96655 amu Melting Point: 1064.43 °C (1337.5801 °K, 1947.9741 °F)

Boiling Point: 2807.0 °C (3080.15 °K, 5084.6 °F)

92

Name: Mercury Symbol: Hg Atomic Number: 80 Atomic Mass: 200.59 amu Melting Point: -38.87 °C (234.28 °K, -37.966 °F) Boiling Point: 356.58 °C (629.73 °K, 673.844 °F)

93

Name: Thallium Symbol: Tl Atomic Number: 81 Atomic Mass: 204.3833 amu Melting Point: 303.5 °C (576.65 °K, 578.3 °F) Boiling Point: 1457.0 °C (1730.15 °K, 2654.6 °F)

94

Name: Lead Symbol: Pb Atomic Number: 82 Atomic Mass: 207.2 amu Melting Point: 327.5 °C (600.65 °K, 621.5 °F) Boiling Point: 1740.0 °C (2013.15 °K, 3164.0 °F)

95

Name: Bismuth Symbol: Bi Atomic Number: 83 Atomic Mass: 208.98038 amu Melting Point: 271.3 °C (544.45 °K, 520.33997 °F) Boiling Point: 1560.0 °C (1833.15 °K, 2840.0 °F)

96

Name: Polonium Symbol: Po Atomic Number: 84 Atomic Mass: (209.0) amu Melting Point: 254.0 °C (527.15 °K, 489.2 °F) Boiling Point: 962.0 °C (1235.15 °K, 1763.6 °F)

97

Name: Astatine Symbol: At Atomic Number: 85 Atomic Mass: (210.0) amu Melting Point: 302.0 °C (575.15 °K, 575.6 °F) Boiling Point: 337.0 °C (610.15 °K, 638.6 °F)

98

Name: Radon Symbol: RnAtomic Number: 86 Atomic Mass: (222.0) amu Melting Point: -71.0 °C (202.15 °K, -95.8 °F) Boiling Point: -61.8 °C (211.35 °K, -79.24 °F)

99

Name: Francium Symbol: Fr Atomic Number: 87 Atomic Mass: (223.0) amu Melting Point: 27.0 °C (300.15 °K, 80.6 °F) Boiling Point: 677.0 °C (950.15 °K, 1250.6 °F)

100

Name: Radium Symbol: Ra Atomic Number: 88 Atomic Mass: (226.0) amu Melting Point: 700.0 °C (973.15 °K, 1292.0 °F) Boiling Point: 1737.0 °C (2010.15 °K, 3158.6 °F)

101

Name: Actinium Symbol: Ac Atomic Number: 89 Atomic Mass: (227.0) amu Melting Point: 1050.0 °C (1323.15 °K, 1922.0 °F) Boiling Point: 3200.0 °C (3473.15 °K, 5792.0 °F)

102

Name: Thorium Symbol: Th Atomic Number: 90 Atomic Mass: 232.0381 amu Melting Point: 1750.0 °C (2023.15 °K, 3182.0 °F) Boiling Point: 4790.0 °C (5063.15 °K, 8654.0 °F)

103

Name: Protactinium Symbol: Pa Atomic Number: 91 Atomic Mass: 231.03587 amu Melting Point: 1600.0 °C (1873.15 °K, 2912.0 °F) Boiling Point: Unknown

104

Name: Uranium Symbol: U Atomic Number: 92 Atomic Mass: 238.0289 amu Melting Point: 1132.0 °C (1405.15 °K, 2069.6 °F) Boiling Point: 3818.0 °C (4091.15 °K, 6904.4 °F)

105

Name: Neptunium Symbol: Np Atomic Number: 93 Atomic Mass: (237.0) amu Melting Point: 640.0 °C (913.15 °K, 1184.0 °F) Boiling Point: 3902.0 °C (4175.15 °K, 7055.6 °F)

106

Name: Plutonium Symbol: Pu Atomic Number: 94 Atomic Mass: (244.0) amu Melting Point: 639.5 °C (912.65 °K, 1183.1 °F) Boiling Point: 3235.0 °C (3508.15 °K, 5855.0 °F)

107

Name: Americium Symbol: Am Atomic Number: 95 Atomic Mass: (243.0) amu Melting Point: 994.0 °C (1267.15 °K, 1821.2 °F) Boiling Point: 2607.0 °C (2880.15 °K, 4724.6 °F)

108

Name: Curium Symbol: Cm Atomic Number: 96 Atomic Mass: (247.0) amu Melting Point: 1340.0 °C (1613.15 °K, 2444.0 °F)

Boiling Point: Unknown

109

Name: Berkelium Symbol: Bk Atomic Number: 97 Atomic Mass: (247.0) amu Melting Point: Unknown Boiling Point: Unknown

110

Name: Californium Symbol: Cf Atomic Number: 98 Atomic Mass: (251.0) amu Melting Point: Unknown Boiling Point: Unknown

111

Name: Einsteinium Symbol: Es Atomic Number: 99 Atomic Mass: (252.0) amu Melting Point: Unknown Boiling Point: Unknown

112

Name: Fermium Symbol: Fm Atomic Number: 100 Atomic Mass: (257.0) amu Melting Point: Unknown Boiling Point: Unknown

113

Name: Mendelevium Symbol: Md Atomic Number: 101 Atomic Mass: (258.0) amu Melting Point: Unknown Boiling Point: Unknown

114

Name: Nobelium Symbol: No Atomic Number: 102 Atomic Mass: (259.0) amu Melting Point: Unknown Boiling Point: Unknown

115

Name: Lawrencium Symbol: Lr Atomic Number: 103 Atomic Mass: (262.0) amu Melting Point: Unknown Boiling Point: Unknown

116

Name: Rutherfordium Symbol: Rf Atomic Number: 104 Atomic Mass: (261.0) amu Melting Point: Unknown Boiling Point: Unknown

117

Name: Dubnium Symbol: Db Atomic Number: 105 Atomic Mass: (262.0) amu Melting Point: Unknown Boiling Point: Unknown

118

Name: Seaborgium Symbol: Sg Atomic Number: 106 Atomic Mass: (263.0) amu Melting Point: Unknown Boiling Point: Unknown

119

Name: Bohrium Symbol: Bh Atomic Number: 107 Atomic Mass: (262.0) amu Melting Point: Unknown Boiling Point: Unknown

120

Name: Hassium Symbol: Hs Atomic Number: 108 Atomic Mass: (265.0) amu Melting Point: Unknown Boiling Point: Unknown

121

Name: Meitnerium Symbol: Mt Atomic Number: 109 Atomic Mass: (266.0) amu Melting Point: Unknown Boiling Point: Unknown