Post on 11-May-2015
Organizational and ManagementOrganizational and Management Issues Vital to SOA and BPM Success
Paul C. BrownPrincipal Software ArchitectPrincipal Software Architect
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In the Beginning, Architecture was Simple…
… and evolved slowly… and evolved slowly
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Communications Helped Communities to Emerge…
… and grow
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Better Infrastructure Fostered Denser Communities…
… and more of them
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So How Do You Organize and Manage All This?
How do you ensure you get the business results you want?
The desired business benefitWithin cost constraintsWhile preserving the flexibility to address tomorrow’s needs
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p g y• i.e. avoid the “big bang” and evolve gracefully
Total Architecture
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The Idealized Enterprise View Looks Simple
A functional organization with well-defined responsibilities…
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But There Is a Lot of Dialog Between the Organizations
How do you make sense of this?
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You Think in Terms of Business Processes
This picture does pnot tell you how the order-to-cash process actually works!
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Order-to-Cash Process Scope
Business Process Models Provide That Understanding
Activities and their structureParticipantsp
Swimlanes represent rolesActivities in the lanes represent responsibilitiesrepresent responsibilities
Interactions between participants
Artifacts• Messages• Physical objects
Relationships to activitiesp
Interactions with other business processes
Where does the product
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Where does the product catalog come from?
You Must Think About Information as Well
Understanding utilization scope tells you little about the information itselfinformation itself
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Sales Order Information Usage
Logical Data Models Provide That Understanding
But models don’t Shipping NoticeAddress
0..1
characterize:Who owns the dataShipment Order
Invoice
-invoiceAmountSales OrderCustomer1 0..*
1 10..1
1 *
-billingAddress -shippingAddress
• Organization• System
Wh th d tShipment Order Line ItemSales Order Line Item
-status
Shipment
1 0..
0..1
1 0 *
**
Where the data physically lives
Shipment Order Line Item
-quantityShipped-quantity-price
1 0..*
*
Where data is replicated
• How consistency is
Saleable Product
-SKU
1
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consistency is maintained
Each “Organization” is Actually a Stack
There may be multiple pcomponents at each layer:
I t f
InterfacesLogic componentsData componentsData componentsInfrastructure
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Traditional Means of Supporting Organizational Interaction
Conversation –human level
EAI – logic level
ETL – data level
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People May Interact with Multiple Systems
EAI and ETL can be used within an organization as well
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Overall, Understanding Interactions is Complicated
People
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
People People
People
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
People
People
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
People
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
People
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
People
InterfaceL iInterface Interface
People
InterfaceL iInterface Interface
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
People
InterfaceLogicData
InterfaceLogic
InterfaceLogic
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
People
InterfaceLogicData
InterfaceLogicD
InterfaceLogicD tData
InfraLogicDataInfra
LogicDataInfra
People
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
InterfaceLogicDataInfra
DataInfra
LogicDataInfra
LogicDataInfra
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This is the problem that SOA and BPM are supposed to solveInfra Infra
For Success, A Total Architecture Perspective is Required
Business ProcessesSales order managementInventory managementAccounting
PeoplepParticipants in the business processes
InformationInformationWhat information is being used
SystemsSystemsComputers, networks, applications, infrastructure
Business Purpose
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Business Purpose
O i ti lOrganizational Issues
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Business Processes and Services Cross Organizational Boundaries
Services and Integrations Span Silos
Lack of Overall Responsibility
ServiceInterface
Shrinking Time
Frames
Data Center
ApplicationSilo
ApplicationSilo
Services, Integration,
andProcess
ManagementSilo
ApplicationSilo
Front-Office Applications
External Applications
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Communications and Services Infrastructure
Many Development Processes Have Become Degenerate
They assume a single system is being worked on
Development QA ProductionRequirements
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Degenerate Processes Will Not Work for SOA and BPM
Multiple organizations and systems are involved
Development QA ProductionRequirements
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A Richer Development Processes Is Required
Governance at work!
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Who Owns Projects That Span Silos?
Business Executive Sponsor
IT Executive Sponsor
Who owns projects that span silos?
Business Manager
Business Manager
Business Manager
Business Manager
Business Manager
Services,
Data Center
IT System Owner
IT System Owner
IT System Owner
IT System Owner
IT System Owner
IT System Owner
ApplicationSilo
ApplicationSilo
,Integration,
andProcess
ManagementSilo
ApplicationSilo
Front-Office Applications
External Applications
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Communications Infrastructure
Multi-Silo Projects Include Members from All Silos
3 key leadership roles needed onroles needed on every project
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The Executive Sponsor Can’t Oversee All These Projects
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Enterprise Projects Group Should Manage These Projects
The group provides a reporting structure for projects that span organizational silos
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Who Provides the Cross-Project Service Perspective?Wh l k h d f f t ?
New Service
Who looks ahead for future usages?
Today’s Project
ServiceInterface
Future Project Call New
Service
ServiceInterface
Future Project Call New
Service
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Service
The Enterprise Architecture Group Coordinates Projects
Establishes the visionEnsures projects collectively converge on a single
EnterpriseArchitecture converge on a single
coherent architecture
Maintains cross-silo perspective at all levels
Architecture
Business Process Architecture
Systems Architecture Data Architecture
perspective at all levelsBusinessApplication
Infrastructure Architecture
Infrastructure
Responsible for:Architecture
Application Architecture
Services ArchitectureStandardsBest practicesG
Architecture
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Governance
Total Architecture ManagementTotal Architecture
Management
E t i EnterpriseEnterpriseProjects
EnterpriseArchitecture
Business Process Architecture
Project Manager
Systems Architecture
Application Architecture
Business Process Architect Systems Architect
Architecture
Infrastructure Architecture
Project Manager
Business Process Architect
Services
Data Architecture
Project Manager
Systems Architect
Services Architecture
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29Business Process Architect
Systems Architect
The Completed Organizational Picture
Business Executive Sponsor
IT Executive Sponsor
Business Manager
Business Manager
Business Manager
Business Manager
Business Manager
Total Architecture Management
Data Center
IT System Owner
IT System Owner
IT System Owner
IT System Owner
IT System Owner
IT System Owner
ApplicationSilo
ApplicationSilo
Services, Integration,
andProcess
ManagementSilo
ApplicationSilo
Front-Office Applications
External Applications
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Communications and Services Infrastructure
Key Questions
Is there an architect on every silo-spanning project?
Responsible for end-to-end business process and systems design
How Are cross silo projects managed?How Are cross-silo projects managed?Who negotiates with silos?Who resolves conflicts?
Who validates the future applicability of services?FunctionalityGranularitySLAs
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The Challenges of Silo-Spanning Projects Are Diverse
Knowledge is scattered throughout the enterprise
For success, business and IT must alignTotal architecture focus on producing business value
New skill sets are requiredTotal (business process and systems) architecture( p y )Project management focused on business results
Clear ownership and control is needed for cross-silo projectscross silo projects
Executive sponsorship is needed to align prioritiesResolve political conflicts
A Proactive Enterprise Architecture group is requiredGuide multiple projects towards a cohesive whole
Governance is essential
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Governance is essential
For More Information…
Succeeding with SOA• The business and organizational
perspectiveperspective• For:
• CIO, COO, CManagers• Managers
• Enterprise and project architects
Implementing SOA• Creating the total architecture• ForFor
• Enterprise and project architects• CTOs
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