Post on 17-Aug-2015
Path to Ever Green Revolution
Dr. Prahlada N.BMBBS, MS, MBA, MHA
Karnataka ENT Hospital & Research Center, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
Mob: 9342310854
Email: prahladnb@gmail.com
MOTIVATION
Source: ICAR
My Observations based on
• ICAR Vision document & success stories
• 11th Planning commission recommendations
• Best practices across the world
• Publications by Agri Scientists
• World Bank and FAO documents
• Report by Swaminathan Committee on Farmers 2006
Aims & Objectives Part - 1
• Provide food security for all Indians
• Prevent exploitation of farmers & Farmers suicides
• Providing right prices for Producers & reduce cost for consumers
• Sustain prices of commodities at affordable levels
• Prevent black marketing and hoarding
• Increase tax revenue from Agricultural trade
Aims & Objectives Part - 2
• Increase Quality & Traceability
• Prevent wastage of agricultural products (food)
• Increase Efficiency of Agriculture markets
• Harness co-operation with World markets
• Increase exports of agricultural products
• Become WTO Compliant
Source: ICAR
SWOT analysis
Major concerns
• Small land holding
• Un-organized market
• Illegal parallel market
• Harvest & Post Harvest losses
• Mono-cropping
• Un-scientific farming
Annual Agri Cycle
Natiional Demand
estimationGPS Soil testing
Collect Weather,
Ground water Reservoirs information
Estimate seed,
fertilizer & pesticide
requirement
Requirement oriented seeding
using Agri-matchProvide
investment, technology & Insurance
Monitor Crop Health using Agri-
Satellite
Purchase using e-scales
Prepare National
Production database
Spatially distributed
warehouse / Cold storage
Sales through
National Agri exchange
Distribution through GPS
installed Vehicles.
GOI/ICAR
Agri Zones
Source: ICAR
Pre-requisites
Dr. Prahlada N.BMBBS, MS, MBA, MHA
Karnataka ENT Hospital & Research Center, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
Mob: 9342310854
Email: prahladnb@gmail.com
Pre-requisites - I
• Coordinating agency - Larger role by ICAR ?
• Kisan Card (Smart Cards)
• Farm Co-operatives
• New Farmers Micro credit policy
• Independent Soil testing authority
Pre-requisites - II
• National Agri Matching Programme (NAMP)
• Mobile based extension services
• E-Scales connected to central database
• RFID Coded Tamper proof packing
• Independent Crops grading/standards authority
Pre-requisites - III
• Authorized dealers with dealer codes
• National Agri Stock Exchange – E-Shopping platform
• Fair prices for farmers: >50% of Average weighted cost
• Government mediated Contractual farming
• Spatially distributed warehouses with
• Online Ware house management system (WMS)
Pre-requisites - IV
• Single window uniform tax system at APMCs
• Abolition of inter-state trade barriers
• Geopgrpahic Position System (GPS) based logistics
• National Farm Insurance Scheme
• Re-organization of Public Distribution System (PDS)
Prerequisites in Detail
Dr. Prahlada N.BMBBS, MS, MBA, MHA
Karnataka ENT Hospital & Research Center, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
Mob: 9342310854
Email: prahladnb@gmail.com
1. Larger role by ICAR
• Co-ordinate events in Agri cycle
• Provide input advise
• Provide extension services
• Advice on price fixation
• Start new courses eg., ICT in Agriculture
• New strain/methodology/technology
2. Agri Smart cards (Kisan Cards)
• Connected to Adhar Card
• Registered along with a mobile number
• Functions like: • Land ownership Card• Credit Card• Ration card• Insurance Bond• Health Card• Co-op Membership card
2. Agri Smart cards (Kisan Cards) - Info
• Has following info:• Land ownership revenue details• Annual soil testing report• Agri Match History• Sowing report• Harvest report• Fertilizer and Pesticide use report• Sales report• Credit report• Adverse event report – Drought/flood/disease• Subsidy/compensation/insurance details
2. Agri Smart cards (Kisan Cards) & Mobile
• All transactions – SMS alerts to the farmer
2. Agri Smart cards (Kisan Card) - Advantages
• Land Ownership / Encumbrance / Revenue details
• Credit rating of the farmer.
• Accountability of the farmer
• Transparent financial transactions
• Avoid black marketeering/Speculation
• PDS/Extension services easy
• Insurance/Compensation distribution easy
3. New Credit policy
• State should supply all inputs on credit basis
• Provide 10% of expected production as low interest Cash credit
• Recover the same at the end of harvest, during sales
• All Transactions through Kisan Card
• In case of adverse event the Credit is waived
• Subsidies / Incentives may be paid during sales
3. New Credit Policy: Advantages
• Avoids intermediaries
• Prevents farmers exploitation and suicides
• Accountability
• Increases Tex revenue from Agri business
• Creates new jobs in Agri business
• Support to Agri sector
4. Farm Co-operative (FCO)
• Facilitate capacity building
• Distribution of Inputs
• Implementation of extension programmes
• Shared labor
• Team work
4. Farming Co-operative - Advantages
• Shared technology/machines
• Reduce transaction costs
• Leverage collective strength
• Increase Bargaining power
• Tap high value markets
4. Farm Co-op Vs MGNREGA
• MGNREGA can be integrated with Agri sector
• Estimation of Average labor / Co-operative
• Registration of Labors – With or without farms
• Kisan card / Mobile linked
• Calculate average labor
• Average Labour payment through Kisan card
4. Farm Co-op Vs MGNREGA
• Shared team work irrespective of ownership
• Non farm work during off season
• Biometric system for attendance
• Videography of the work using drones
• Cashless online payment
5. Independent Soil testing authority
• National network of Advanced Soil testing facilities
• Facilities for detection of Micronutrient deficiencies
• RFID/Bar Coded testing of Samples to avoid bias
• Online Annual updating of the Soil testing Reports
• Reports updated on Farmers Kisan Cards
• District / State / National level Soil maps drawn
5. Soil testing - GPS Based
• GPS Field Mapping
• GPS Soil Sampling
• GPS Yield Mapping
• GPS Yield Mapping and Analysis
• Advanced Record keeping and Reporting
• Nutrient Management Mapping
Source: Agro Watch
5. Soil Testing – Soil / Field / Yield mapping
Source: Agro Watch
6. National Agri Matching Programme (NAMP)
• Matches the Farmer’s choice to Govt requirement
• Through Computer algorithm
• Involves• Registration, • Ranking & • Result
Result
Ranking
Registration
Source: NRMP, USA
6. NAMP: Registration - EFCAS
EFCAS
Farmer
StateSoil
scientistCredit facility
Buyer
• Electronic Farmer’s Crop Application Service (EFCAS)
Source: ERAS, USA
6. NAMP: EFCAS Components
• Step-by-step instructions for participating NAMP Process.
• Register for a Match and update personal information.
• Modify existing Government’s Crop information: Type or quota
• Search for Farmers or Crops they wish to rank.
• Import Crop rank order lists from Farmers
• Access outcome reports at the conclusion of a Match
EFCAS
FarmerState
Soil scientistCredit
facility
Buyer
Source: NRMP & ERAS USA
6. NAMP: Step-by-step EFAS Process
Previous harvestSales certificateCredit report
Soil test reportWater resourcesAgri-match
6. NAMP - Advantages
• Farmers match history – • Helps avoid mono-cropping• Crop rotation can be done• Bad lands – Crop holiday
• Match reports – helps planning: • Seeds, Fertilziers & Pesticides• Extension services• Marketing research for Agro / Food processing industries
Source: NRMP, USA
6. NAMP - Advantages
• Farmers/State - Waiver/violation history• Disciplinary actions can be taken
• Regional match statistics – Crop types• Helps estimation of Production and Types.
• Did myCrops fill ?• Help assess shortages
• Confidential report of Crops matched farmers
• Estimation of un-used land• Non –farming real estate investors can be indentified
Source: NRMP, USA
7. Mobile based Extension services
Source: Tata Consulting Services
8. E-scales
• All licensed dealers should have e-scales.
• Remains locked until activated
• Online Activation by swiping the Card of the dealer
• Weighing starts once Kisan Card is swiped and farmer’s data is entered.
• Type of produce, harvest date, strain are entered.
8. E-Scales - Process
Online activation after swipingDealers and Farmer’s Cards
Via Internet
Automatically update on District/State/National Database
Static or Mobile E-scales with Net-connectivity
8. E-Scales - Process
8. E-scales - Advantages
• All purchases will be recorded
• Day to day database of Sales & Purchases are updated
• Government can keep track of the stock
• Black marketers can be avoided
• Control of Commodity prices
• Increases Tax collection from Agri Trade
9. RFID Coded Tamper Proof Package
Polypropylene bags
9. RFID Details
• Farm details
• Farmer details
• Soil Grade
• Crops type / Grade / Quality
• Primary buyer
• Warehouse
• Every Transaction
9. RFID - Advantages
RFIDTracking system
Standards & Safety
Consumer confidence
Price Premiums
Access to Global marketCosts & Risks
of Product Recall
Quality improvem
ent
Rise of Supermar
kets
Decreased Handling
& Wastage
Business efficiency &
Cost Reduction
WTO Complian
ce
10. Independent Crops quality control authority
• Third party – Crop Quality or Standards authority
• RFID /Bar Coded technique to avoid bias
• Uploaded to Central database/EFCAS automatically
• SMS Alert to the farmer and Buyer
• Crop Grade & Quality updated on the RFID tag
• Final rates will be based on Quality testing or Grading
11. Authorized dealers / APMC
• E-scale, Computer, Internet & Packing facility
• APMC dealers with warehouses to continue
• Mobile dealers with all facilities
• Register number to be quoted during all transactions
• Only cashless, online transactions
• Authorized to distribute Warehouse Cash Receipts
11. Authorized dealers - Advantages
• Private Lending & Extraction cycle will stop
• Prevents black marketing and hoarding
• Increase Tax revenue from Agriculture business
• Facilitates data collection
• Improves quality
12.National Agri Exchange Programme (NAEP)
• Connects all Registered dealers
• Allows comparisons of prices across regions
• Helps equalizing the prices
• Commodities can be moved from: • Excess areas to shortage areas • Low demand to high demand areas
Picture Source: E-Mandi, GOK.
12. NAEP: Online e-Shopping Platform
Source: e-bay
12. NAEP: Rating of sellers
Source: e-bay
12. NAEP - Advantages
• Equalizes prices at national level
• Ensures Fare price to Farmers
• Economical prices to consumers
• Helps control Commodity prices in the country
• Increase contribution to GDP
• Increased contribution to capital formation
13. Fair prices to farmers
• National Farmer’s committee report
• Headed by Prof. M.S Swaminathan
• >50% of Average weighted prices
13. Govt mediated Contractual farming
• Food Processing Industry (FPI) Vs Farmers
• FPI to provide Investment & Extension Service
• FPS to provide:• Letter of Credit• Bank Guarantee• Deposit Purchase amount
• Farmers to sell through Kisan Cards
• Banks to pay – Complete/50%/Warehouse Cash receipt
14. Warehouse management system
• FCI to stock mainly Buffer stocks
• Large private ware houses.
• Small ware houses – APMC.
• Domestic warehouse – Farm Co-ops, Farmers.
• Rural Granary to be re-established.
• Capacity building - Quality warehouse practices
15. Spatially distributed warehousing
• Computerized Warehouse management system
• Warehouse connected to central database.
• Just-in method of inventory system
• Warehouse cash receipt system
• RFID Coded transactions
• Every grain to be traced
15. Single window tax system at APMCs
• At present multiple tax regimes & multi-point market fee
• > 12% of the Total value of produce marketed
• Commission 1% to 2.5% for Food grains & 4% to 8% for Fruit & Vegetables
• Price discovery not transparent & Payment delay
• Prices should be uniform across the country
• Prices should be available online - 24 X 7
16. Abolition of Inter-state TRADE barriers
• Remove interstate TRADE barriers
• Create Uniform National Market
• Easy physical movement of goods from one state to other
17. GPS Based logistics – Mechanism
17. GPS Based logistics - Tracking
GPS Based logistics - Advantages
18. National Farm Insurance Scheme
• Automatic Insurance after registration at NAMP & EFCAS
• Crop health to be monitored online
• Compensation based on Crop health and Adversaries
• Human intervention minimized
• Automatic online Insurance payment – If adversary
• Kisan Card based transactions
19. Re-organization of PDS
• Implement Decentralized PDS system
• Grains according to local consumption patterns
• Local re-distribution of Grains
• Source of Protein to be included • e.g., Bengal Gram (Chickpea), Broccoli or Egg
• Extend PDS to other house hold items
• Distribution based on Kisan Credit Card
Orchestrating Annual Agri Cycle
Dr. Prahlada N.BMBBS, MS, MBA, MHA
Karnataka ENT Hospital & Research Center, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
Mob: 9342310854
Email: prahladnb@gmail.com
Annual Agri Cycle
Natiional Demand
estimationGPS Soil testing
Collect Weather,
Ground water Reservoirs information
Estimate seed,
fertilizer & pesticide
requirement
Requirement oriented seeding
using Agri-matchProvide
investment, technology & Insurance
Monitor Crop Health using Agri-
Satellite
Purchase using e-scales
Prepare National
Production database
Spatially distributed
warehouse / Cold storage
Sales through
National Agri exchange
Distribution through GPS
installed Vehicles.
Autonomous institution
Step 1. National Demand estimation
• If we fail to plan, actually we are planning to fail.
I. National Demand Estimation
• Sources of information• State• PDS• National Buffer Stock (FCI)• Supermarkets• Retailers• Supermarkets• Food processing Industry• Exporters• Consumers• Importing nationals• Donation requirements
1. National Demand Estimation-Advantages
• Understand consumer changing patterns
• Prepare for Risk management
• Prevent surplus and wastage
• Marketing research easy
• Helps estimate input requirement
1. National Demand Estimation - Advantages
• Facilitates extension services
• Targets provide Focus
• Easily manageable targets
• Responsibilities & Accountability
• Marketing & Logistics planning easy
2. Collecting Soil Testing data
• Annual Soil testing at the end of the harvest season
• Soil testing by third party
• Coded Soil sample bags to avoid bias
• Soil test report to be updated online
• Draw Soil maps• Village / Panchayath / Thaluk / District / State Soil Maps
3. Collect water source & Weather data
• Various water bodies
• Underground water levels
• Rain & Weather information
• Rain water harvesting info
• Other water sources
• Draw Taluk/District/State/Country wide water map
3. Collect water source & Weather data
Draw Hydro-geological Map of India
3. Collect water source & Weather data
Draw District-wise Irrigation Profiles
3. Collect water source & Weather data
Weather information
4. Regional distribution of Demand
India
Region1
District1
Region2 Region3
4. State wise Distribution of Crops
• Assimilation of Soil test report and water source data.
• Farm Grading of the regions based on the Soil+water+weather data
• Crops advisory based on the Farm grade.
• State / Region / District wise distribution of the Crops demand
• Notification through Gazette / DD / Radio
• Initiate Agri Match Process
5. Inputs estimation & Preparation
• Seeds
• Fertilizer
• Pesticides
• Water release
• Crop Insurance
• Risk management
• Extension services
6. Agri-match programme
• Farmers Crops Rank order list (ROL) based on advisory.
• State Rank order list based on Farm Grades.
• Matched through a computerized mathematical algorithm.
• Unbiased match, Similar to CET admissions.
• Incentive or subsidies are given to get harvest of certain crops.
6. Agri-match programme
• Incentive or subsidies can be given NOT to grow certain Crops.
• Provide Crop Holiday
• Experimental Crops can be planned
• Arrange matched Crops + Extension
7. Investment, inputs & extension service (IIE)
• Matched farmers provided IIE services
• Kisan smart card based credit distribution
• Distribution through Farm Co-operatives
8. Continuous Online Crop health monitoring
• Farmer / Farm Cooperatives
• Extension workers
• Regional sensors
• Regional Metrology stations
• Agri Drones
• Krishi Satellite
Crop health monitoring: Krishi (Agri) Satellite
Picture courtesy: Satellite Imaging Corporation
Assessment of Crop health using Agri Satellite (Krishi Satellitle)
Agrowatch™ Green Vegetation Index Maps
Krishi (Agri) Satellite
9. Extension services
• Mobile based
• Via Farm Co-ops
• Extension workers
• Optimum fertilizer use
• Integrated farming
• Pest management
• Water management
10. Purchase through E-Scales
10. Purchase: through e-scales
• All payments only through Cashless, online payment.
• Adverse event: Insurance payment based on crop monitoring data
• Subsidies / Incentives are added.
• Full / 50% payment / Warehouse cash receipt (WCR).
• Full payment at current market prices.
• Payment after deducting Cost of input & investment provided.
10. Purchase: Market driven prices
• 50% payment at current market prices.
• Warehouse cash receipt at current prices.
• 50% Payment / WCR have option of WAITING for RIGHT PRICE.
• At the time final sale, balance at the prevailing market price.
• Investment & inputs deducted.
• Subsidies & Incentives added.
11. Prepare production/yield database
• Crop type database
• Regional database
• National database
• Ware house database
12. Warehouse management system
• Computerized warehouse management
• RFID coded inventory
• Online updating of Stocks
• Every Grain is traced
13.Sales through National Agri Exchange
• Spatial integration of the markets.
• One country, one price policy.
• One window, uniform taxes / service charges
• Movement of goods from low price to high price areas.
• Low demand to high demand areas.
• Final price = Original Price + Transport cost.
• E-bay type online auction format.
14. Logistics through GPS based vehicles
• Accountable
• Tracing
• Prevents black marketing
Next - International Agri Stock Exchange
• SAARC Agri Stock exchange
• ASEAN Agri Stock exchange
• ASIAN Agri Stock exchange
• International Agri Stock exchange
Thank you!
Please Contact me for more details:
Dr. Prahlada N.BKarnataka ENT Hospital & Research Center, #29, Basava Bhavana, Bheemasamudra Road, Davalagri Extension II Stage,Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
Mob: 9342310854
Email: prahladnb@gmail.com
www.indiahearing.org/agriculture/