S

The Effectiveness of Technology to

Enhance Gardner’s Theory of Multiple

Intelligence in Elementary Science Classrooms

Pamela L. JimisonLiberty University

Abstract

Teachers must try to differentiate

instruction to meet the needs of a

student’s intelligence.

Technology is one tool to use for differentiation.

S

Purpose……to determine the effectiveness of

technology to enhance Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences in the

elementary science classroom.

Question & Hypothesis

Does technology-enhanced multiple intelligence differentiated instruction improve student achievement in the elementary science classroom?

Students in the experimental classroom (technology) will have higher scores in the final assessment than those in the control group.

Research Question:

My Hypothesis:

What is MIT?

I am Howard Gardner. In 1983 I introduced the theory of multiple intelligences. Everyone has each

intelligence to some extent but some intelligences are stronger than others.

The intelligences are:

Linguistic, mathematical, spatial, kinesthetic, musical, intrapersonal,

interpersonal, and naturalistic.Psalm 139: You are wonderfully made! (McCoog, 2007)

What is knowledge?

According to Adams (2004) knowledge can be defined as what we know or believe to exist. The ways of knowing are how we internalize knowledge (Adams, 2004). and I have filled him with the Spirit of God, with wisdom, with understanding, with knowledge and with all kinds of skills—Exodus 31:3

What is intelligence?

Intelligence is the ability to solve problems, or fashion products, that

are valued in one or more cultural or community settings.

(Gardner, 1983)

Dependent Variable?Student test scores! (What do I observe?)

Controlled Variable?Pretest and post-test

Independent Variable?Type of instruction ~ teacher or technology?

Students with technology-enhanced instruction will score higher on the posttest than those in a traditional classroom.

Literature Review - Summary

(Gooch, 2011)

Literature Review

Students started out as self-defeated and angry. The school utilized servant leadership and technology.

Students became proud, self-directed learners.

Grandfather Academy

(Herman, 2008)

Literature Review

Inclusion school for MIT

Students modified artists’ pictures in paint, wrote poems, created multimedia projects

Students far exceeded the mastery of content required.

Hemenway School

Boston, Massachusetts

(Lach, Little, & Nazzaro, 2003)

Literature Review

Quantitative and qualitative study on use of blogs. It revealed that technology was engaging and interactive.

Quantitative study on MIT in computer classes ~ students scored high with technology than traditional classroom teaching.

2 Turkish Studies(Kalelioglu, 2010)

(Ozdener, 2004)

Significant Themes from Literature Reviews:

Technology is one tool that can tap into the varying intelligences and allow the educator to better meet the needs of students. In the elementary science classroom, technology can be used to enhance the learning community and engage learners. It allows the teacher to supplement strengths and improve weaknesses.

My Research DesignProposalExperimental Research Using Quantitative Methods

Sampling

Students grades 4-6Randomly assigned to experimental or control groupTime period: one semesterScience class

Methods of data collection

Administer Multiple Intelligence Fields Observation Form Student Version to determine predominant intelligences

Administer a 75 question pretest to both groups

Observation Notes

Administer the same 75 question post-test to both groups

Data Analysis Procedures

The groups pretest averages will be compared using a t-test to determine significant differenceUse statistical analysis Mann Whitney U TestP>.05

Data Analysis Procedures

The groups post-test averages will be compared using a t-test to determine significant differenceUse statistical analysis Mann Whitney U TestP>.05Compare the post-test results for a meaningful difference

Ethics and Human RelationsTeachers shall apply for the study and give their consent.

Students and parents will sign informed consent. There will be no bias for race, gender, or religion.

The teacher shall make sure there is no harm or discomfort to students in the study.

http://www.aglbical.org/ethics1.jpg

Ethics and Human

Relations Research agenda will

be disclosed to involved school administration, teachers, and parents of students in the study.

The researcher shall exhibit integrity.

http://popularconduct.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/ethics-sign.jpg

Proposed Timeline

March - April  Create web site, online application formApril - May  Teachers apply, assess applications, visit schoolsJune Consent forms to administration / teachersJuly-August Parent consent forms, teacher meetingsSeptember  MIT Test, pretest, analysisSeptember - Jan  Student classes, observationsFebruary  Post-test, analysisMarch - finish  Analysis, reports, web site, thank participants

ReferencesAdams, N. B. (2004). Digital intelligence fostered by technology. Journal Of

Technology Studies, 30(2), 93-97.

Gall, J., Gall, M., & Borg, W. (2010). Experimental Research. In Applying

Educational Research.  (6th ed.). (pp. 292-317).  United States of America:

Pearson.

Gooch, K., & Saine, P.. (2011). Integration of the visual arts and web 2.0 technologies in the classroom. New England Reading Association Journal, 47(1), 92-101.  Retrieved November 6, 2011, from ProQuest Education Journals. (Document ID: 2478462011).

Halasa, K. (2005, May 11). Annotated Bibliography: Ethics in Research. AARE.

Retrieved December 9, 2011, from http://www.aare.edu.au/ethics/aareethc.htm

ReferencesIflazoglu Saban, A. (2011). An evaluation of the teaching activities implemented in

the elementary science and technology courses in terms of multiple intelligence

theory: A sample from Adana. Educational Sciences: Theory And Practice, 11(3),

1641-1649.

Jackson, A., Gaudet, L., McDaniel, L., & Brammer, D. (2009). Curriculum integration: The use of technology to support learning. Journal Of College Teaching & Learning, 6(7), 71-78.

Kalelioglu F, Gulbahar Y. Investigating the usage of blogs in educational settings

from multiple intelligences perspective. Turkish Online Journal Of Educational Technology [serial online]. April 2010;9(2):132-144. Available from: Education Research Complete, Ipswich, MA. Accessed November 6, 2011.

Özdener, N., & Özçoban, T. (2004). A project based learning model's effectiveness

on computer courses and multiple intelligence theory. Educational Sciences:

Theory & Practice, 4(1), 176-180.